What is xenon in its natural state?
Xenon is a chemical element with the symbol Xe and atomic number 54. It is a colorless, dense, odorless noble gas found in Earth's atmosphere in trace amounts. Naturally occurring xenon consists of seven stable isotopes and two long-lived radioactive isotopes. Click to see full answer.
How is xenon found in its natural state?
Xenon Element Facts
- Discovery of Xenon. Xenon was discovered in 1898, in London, by William Ramsay and Morris Travers. ...
- Uses of Xenon. Xenon is used in photographic flashes, in high pressure arc lamps for motion picture projection, and in high pressure arc lamps to produce ultraviolet light.
- Abundance and Isotopes. Source: Xenon is a trace gas in Earth’s atmosphere. ...
What is the physical state of xenon?
Xenon is a rare, odorless, colourless, tasteless, chamically unreactive gas. It was regarded as completely inert until, in 1962, Neil Barlett reported synthesis of xenon haxafluoroplatinate. In a gas filled tube xenon emits blue light when excited by electrical discharge.
What is xenon named for?
Xenon was first discovered in 1898 by the Scottish chemist William Ramsay and English chemist Morris Travers. The name xenon for this gas comes from the Greek word ξένον [xenon], neuter singular form of ξένος [xenos], meaning ‘foreign (er)’, ‘strange (r)’, or ‘guest’.
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What is xenon in its natural state?
Xenon is a chemical element with the symbol Xe and atomic number 54. It is a colorless, dense, odorless noble gas found in Earth's atmosphere in trace amounts.
Is xenon naturally a gas?
Xenon is a trace gas in Earth's atmosphere, occurring in one part in twenty million. The element is obtained commercially through extraction from the residues of liquefied air. This noble gas is naturally found in gases emitted from some mineral springs.
Is xenon a solid or liquid?
gasPronounced "ZEE-non," this element is a gas primarily used in light manufacturing. Xenon is one of the inert or noble gases and is odorless, colorless, tasteless and chemically non-reactive.
Is xenon found naturally?
Natural abundance Xenon is present in the atmosphere at a concentration of 0.086 parts per million by volume. It can also be found in the gases that evolve from certain mineral springs.
What is liquid xenon?
Liquid xenon is a promising material for use as a detector in the search for dark matter. Both ionization and scintillation signals may be observed simultaneously. Liquid xenon has a high radioactive purity, a high density (2.94 g/cm3 at b.p. [1]) and it is not chemically or structurally disruptive.
Is Xe a solid?
Xenon (Xe) is a gas at room temperature.
Can xenon become a solid?
At temperatures below its boiling point, xenon becomes a liquid. Once temperatures reach its melting point, which is about 161.4 K (approximately -111.8°C or -169.2°F), Xe exists as a light-blue solid.
Is xenon solid at room temperature?
There are 54 protons in Xenon. solid, a liquid, or a gas. Xenon at room temperature is a gas.
When was Xenon discovered?
Elements and Periodic Table History. Xenon was discovered in July 1898 by William Ramsay and Morris Travers at University College London. They had already extracted neon, argon, and krypton from liquid air, and wondered if it contained other gases.
What is Xenon used for?
Xenon is used in certain specialised light sources. It produces a beautiful blue glow when excited by an electrical discharge. Xenon lamps have applications as high-speed electronic flash bulbs used by photographers, sunbed lamps and bactericidal lamps used in food preparation and processing.
What is the oxidation state of an atom?
The oxidation state of an atom is a measure of the degree of oxidation of an atom. It is defined as being the charge that an atom would have if all bonds were ionic. Uncombined elements have an oxidation state of 0. The sum of the oxidation states within a compound or ion must equal the overall charge.
What is density in science?
Density is the mass of a substance that would fill 1 cm 3 at room temperature. Relative atomic mass. The mass of an atom relative to that of carbon-12. This is approximately the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Who is the artist behind the images that make up the visual elements?
Murray Robertson is the artist behind the images which make up Visual Elements. This is where the artist explains his interpretation of the element and the science behind the picture.
Is Xenon a biological agent?
Xenon has no known biological role. It is not itself toxic, but its compounds are highly toxic because they are strong oxidising agents.
Where is Xenon found?
Xenon occurs in slight traces in gases within Earth and is present to an extent of about 0.0000086 percent, or about 1 part in 10 million by volume of dry air. Like several other noble gases, xenon is present in meteorites. Xenon is manufactured on a small scale by the fractional distillation of liquid air.
What is xenon crystal?
Solid xenon belongs to the face-centred cubic crystal system, which implies that its molecules, which consist of single atoms, behave as spheres packed together as closely as possible. The name xenon is derived from the Greek word xenos, “strange” or “foreign.”.
What is Xenon used for?
The element xenon is used in lamps that produce extremely short and intense flashes of light, such as stroboscopes and lights for high-speed photography. When a charge of electricity is passed through the gas at low pressure, it emits a flash of bluish-white light; at higher pressures, white light resembling daylight is emitted. Xenon flashlamps are used to activate ruby lasers.
Which polyatomic ligand group is bonded to xenon?
The greatest variety of polyatomic ligand groups bonded to xenon occurs for xenon in its +2 oxidation state, and those groups bonded through oxygen are most plentiful. Both mono- and disubstituted derivatives having the formulations FXeL and XeL 2 are known where L = OTeF 5 and OSeF 5, for example.
How many radioactive isotopes are produced by uranium fission?
More than a dozen radioactive xenon isotopes produced by fission of uranium and other nuclear reactions are known. For example, xenon-135 (9.2-hour half-life) is produced by uranium fission in nuclear reactors, where it is troublesome because it absorbs fission-producing neutrons.
What is the name of the compound that is made of a yellow-orange solid?
Compounds. Noble gases were thought to be chemically inert until 1962, when British chemist Neil Bartlett produced the first noble-gas compound, a yellow-orange solid that can best be formulated as a mixture of [XeF + ] [PtF 6− ], [XeF + ] [Pt 2 F 11− ], and PtF 5.
Which isotopes are produced in the greatest amount by nuclear fission?
The xenon isotopes produced in the greatest amount by nuclear fission are xenon-131, -132, -134, and -136, which are stable, and xenon-133, which is radioactive, with a half-life of 5.27 days. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Subscribe Now.
What is Xenon?
Xenon is a chemical element with symbol Xe and atomic number 54 in the periodic table.
What is Xenon used for?
Optics and illumination. It is used in Flash lamps called Xenon flashlamps. It is also used in Stroboscopic lamps and photographic flashes. Lasers are generated with the help of Xe gas.
Where does the name Xenon come from?
The name Xenon is derived from a Greek word Xenos which means “stranger”.
What is the purpose of oxygen and xenon?
Inhaling the mixture of oxygen and xenon produces a hormone which helps to increase Red Blood Cell (RBC) production. It is used to measure the flow of blood and also used to image the Brain, Heart, and Lungs. Also, the element is used in NMR spectroscopy.
What is the atomic weight of Xenon?
2005-06-24. Xenon is a colorless, heavy, odorless noble gas element with atomic symbol Xe, atomic number 54, and atomic weight 131.3. NCI Thesaurus (NCIt) Xenon appears as a colorless odorless gas. Noncombustible. Heavier than air. May asphyxiate by the displacement of air.
Is Xenon a gas?
Xenon appears as a colorless odorless gas. Noncombustible. Heavier than air. May asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or heat containers may rupture violently and rocket.
What is Xenon in the periodic table?
What is xenon, the Xe element? The Xenon definition describes a chemical element on the periodic table with the atomic number 54. The atomic number of an element is defined as the number of protons in the nucleus of one atom of that element. This element is represented by the chemical symbol Xe. Xenon is found naturally occurring in the atmosphere, but only in very small amounts (i.e., less than 0.00001% of the atmosphere is composed of xenon).
Who discovered Xenon?
On the 12th of July, 1898, Xenon was discovered by a pair of scientists named William Ramsay, a Scottish chemist, and Morris Travers, an English chemist. Ramsay and Travers used a device called a liquid-air machine with which they distilled and separated the different gases found in the atmosphere. Ramsay and Travers discovered several noble gases - such as argon, krypton, and neon - using this machine.
What is the atomic number of xenon?
Xenon is a non-metal, chemical element found in group 18 of the periodic table ( noble gases ), represented by the chemical symbol - Xe. Like all noble gas elements, xenon has a full valence shell of electrons and is generally considered unreactive. This element was discovered in 1896 by chemists William Ramsay and Morris Travers, who extracted it from a sample of air using a technique called fractional distillation inside a liquid-air machine. The atomic number of xenon is 54 and atomic mass is 131.293. Other properties of this element include:
What is the Xe group?
The Xe periodic table position is in period 5 and group 18 of the periodic table of elements. Elements found in group 18 of the periodic table are also called the noble gases. The noble gases are a group of elements characterized by a valency of 0 (due to a completed valence shell with 8 electrons). Their valency is why they have traditionally been considered chemically inert elements, and they rarely react with other elements. Other elements classified as noble gases include Neon (Atomic number: 10), Krypton (Atomic number: 36), and Radon (Atomic number: 86).
What was the name of the element that was discovered in the atmosphere?
The krypton extracted from the atmospheric air was analyzed by the duo using a technology called Mass Spectroscopy. During this process, they discovered that their krypton sample was not pure. After performing repeated fractional distillations of this sample of krypton, they were able to identify that the impurity in their sample was a completely new element. This newly discovered element was named Xenon, after the Greek word for a stranger-"Xenos".
Which element has a higher atomic mass?
Xenon has a higher atomic number and atomic mass than the following group 18 elements: Hydrogen, Neon, Argon, and Krypton and is therefore expected to sink to the bottom of a container in which all of these elements are added.
Is xenon a metal?
Is xenon a metal? No, xenon is a non-metal element, that belongs to the P-block of the periodic table. The P-block of the periodic table describes groups 13-18 of the periodic table and includes all the known non-metal elements on the periodic table, except hydrogen and helium; the metalloid elements, such as boron and silicon; and the post-transition metals, such as aluminum and tin.
When was xenon first discovered?
Xenon was first discovered in 1898 by the Scottish chemist William Ramsay and English chemist Morris Travers. The name xenon for this gas comes from the Greek word ξένον [xenon], neuter singular form of ξένος [xenos], meaning ‘foreign (er)’, ‘strange (r)’, or ‘guest’.
How many electrons does Xenon have?
Xenon is a naturally-occurring chemical element with atomic number 54 which means there are 54 protons and 54 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for xenon is Xe. Xenon is a colorless, dense, odorless noble gas found in the Earth’s atmosphere in trace amounts.
When was xenon discovered?
Xenon. Xenon was discovered in 1898 and is classified as a noble gas. It emits blue light when subjected to electrical discharge. Most commonly, xenon is used in flash lights. Some compounds of xenon are toxic due to its oxidizing property.
What are the physical characteristics of Xenon?
Physical Characteristics. Xenon is colorless, odorless and heavy noble gas. Its chemical symbol is Xe. Xenon atomic number is 54 and atomic weight is 131.29g/mol. Xenon is very dense in nature. It has a density of 5.761 kg/m 3 which is about 4.5 times the density of the earth’s atmosphere at sea level.
What is the name of the gas that Ramsay discovered?
They categorized the new gas as inert and Ramsay suggested the name xenon. The word xenon has been derived from Greek word xenos that means stranger. In 1920, Ramsay estimated its occurrence in the earth atmosphere which was about one part in 20 million [1].
Why is Xenon used in road signs?
Xenon is used in road signs as it provides better illumination than conventional lights. Xenon is used to carry out robust cardio-protection (preservation of heart by controlling myocardial damage) and neuroprtotection (preservation of neuronal structure) through variety of mechanism.
Why is Xenon considered a solvent?
Due to its high atomic volume, it is considered as an efficient solvent that easily dissolve hydrocarbons, biological molecules and water. Xenon in solid form changes its shape from face centered cubic to hexagonal close packed crystal under pressure and then it acquires its metallic form.
What is the periodic table element Krypton?
Other Periodic Table Elements. Krypton is a rare and inert gas and belong to the Nobel gases. It was…. Neon is a noble gas discovered in 1898 by British chemists Morris W. Travers and….
Why do we use xenon?
Xenon is used in search of hypothetical weakly interacting massive particles. Several satellites use xenon ion propulsion system to keep them in orbit and in some other space craft. Xenon is widely used in the preparation of 5-fluorouracil, a drug used to treat certain cancer.
Where is xenon found?
Xenon is a colorless, dense, odorless noble gas found in the Earth’s atmosphere in trace amounts. [10] Although generally unreactive, xenon can undergo a few chemical reactions. Xenon was first discovered in 1898 by the Scottish chemist William Ramsay and English chemist Morris Travers. The name xenon for this gas comes from the Greek word ξένον [xenon], neuter singular form of ξένος [xenos], meaning ‘foreign (er)’, ‘strange (r)’, or ‘guest’. In nuclear industry, especially artificial xenon 135 has a tremendous impact on the operation of a nuclear reactor. For physicists and for reactor operators, it is important to understand the mechanisms that produce and remove xenon from the reactor to predict how the reactor will respond following changes in power level.
What is the electronegativity of Xenon?
The electronegativity of Xenon is: χ = 2.6
How many protons does Xenon have?
Xenon is a chemical element with atomic number 54 which means there are 54 protons and 54 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Xenon is Xe.
What gives off energy when it gains an electron to form an ion of Xenon?
An atom of Xenon in the gas phase , for example, gives off energy when it gains an electron to form an ion of Xenon.
What is the atomic number density?
Atomic Number Density. The atomic number density (N; atoms/cm 3 ), which is associated with atomic radii, is the number of atoms of a given type per unit volume (V; cm 3) of the material. The atomic number density (N; atoms/cm 3) of a pure material having atomic or molecular weight (M; grams/mol) and the material density (⍴; gram/cm 3) is easily computed from the following equation using Avogadro’s number ( NA = 6.022×1023 atoms or molecules per mole):
What is the density of a substance?
Since the density (ρ) of a substance is the total mass (m) of that substance divided by the total volume (V) occupied by that substance, it is obvious, the density of a substance strongly depends on its atomic mass and also on the atomic number density (N; atoms/cm 3 ),
What is the lightest element on the periodic table?
With a standard atomic weight of circa 1.008, hydrogen is the lightest element on the periodic table. Its monatomic form (H) is the most abundant chemical substance in the Universe, constituting roughly 75% of all baryonic mass.
Overview
History
Xenon was discovered in England by the Scottish chemist William Ramsay and English chemist Morris Travers in September 1898, shortly after their discovery of the elements krypton and neon. They found xenon in the residue left over from evaporating components of liquid air. Ramsay suggested the name xenon for this gas from the Greek word ξένον xénon, neuter singular form of ξένος xénos, …
Characteristics
Xenon has atomic number 54; that is, its nucleus contains 54 protons. At standard temperature and pressure, pure xenon gas has a density of 5.894 kg/m , about 4.5 times the density of the Earth's atmosphere at sea level, 1.217 kg/m . As a liquid, xenon has a density of up to 3.100 g/mL, with the density maximum occurring at the triple point. Liquid xenon has a high polarizability due to its lar…
Occurrence and production
Xenon is a trace gas in Earth's atmosphere, occurring at 87±1 nL/L (parts per billion), or approximately 1 part per 11.5 million. It is also found as a component of gases emitted from some mineral springs.
Xenon is obtained commercially as a by-product of the separation of air into oxygen and nitrogen. After this separation, generally performed by fractional distillation in a double-column plant, the li…
Isotopes
Naturally occurring xenon is composed of seven stable isotopes: Xe, Xe, and Xe. The isotopes Xe and Xe are predicted by theory to undergo double beta decay, but this has never been observed so they are considered stable. In addition, more than 40 unstable isotopes have been studied. The longest lived of these isotopes are the primordial Xe, which undergoes double electron capture with a half-life of 1.8 × 10 yr, and Xe, which undergoes double beta decay with a half-life of 2.11 × 10 …
Compounds
After Neil Bartlett's discovery in 1962 that xenon can form chemical compounds, a large number of xenon compounds have been discovered and described. Almost all known xenon compounds contain the electronegative atoms fluorine or oxygen. The chemistry of xenon in each oxidation state is analogous to that of the neighboring element iodine in the immediately lower oxidation state.
Applications
Although xenon is rare and relatively expensive to extract from the Earth's atmosphere, it has a number of applications.
Xenon is used in light-emitting devices called xenon flash lamps, used in photographic flashes and stroboscopic lamps; to excite the active medium in lasers which then generate coherent light; and, occasionally, in bactericidal lamp…
Precautions
Xenon gas can be safely kept in normal sealed glass or metal containers at standard temperature and pressure. However, it readily dissolves in most plastics and rubber, and will gradually escape from a container sealed with such materials. Xenon is non-toxic, although it does dissolve in blood and belongs to a select group of substances that penetrate the blood–brain barrier, causing mild to full surgical anesthesia when inhaled in high concentrations with oxygen.