The six books that follow Deuteronomy
Book of Deuteronomy
The Book of Deuteronomy is the fifth book of the Christian Old Testament and of the Jewish Torah, where it is called "Devarim". Chapters 1–30 of the book consist of three sermons or speeches delivered to the Israelites by Moses on the plains of Moab, shortly before they enter the Promised Land. The first sermon recounts the forty years of wilderness wanderings which had led to that moment, …
Full Answer
What is a good book on the history of Deuteronomy?
The Deuteronomist's History: The Role of the Deuteronomist in Historical-Critical Research into Genesis-Numbers. ISBN 9789004307049. Bandstra, Barry L (2004). Reading the Old Testament: An Introduction to the Hebrew Bible. Wadsworth. ISBN 9780495391050. Block, Daniel I (2005). "Deuteronomy".
Was the Deuteronomistic history originally a single work?
Proponents see the Deuteronomistic History as originally a single work composed during the exilic period.
What is the largest theme of the Deuteronomic history?
The largest theme of the Deuteronomic History is the concept of the blessings and curses of the covenant.
When was the Deuteronomic Code written?
Most scholars believe that the Deuteronomic Code was composed during the late monarchic period, around the time of King Josiah (late 7th century BC), although some scholars have argued for a later date, either during the Babylonian captivity (597-539 BC) or during the Persian period (539-332 BC).
What is the history of the book of Deuteronomy?
An early edition of Deuteronomy as it exists today has been identified with the book of the Law discovered in the Temple of Jerusalem about 622 bc (2 Kings 22:8; 2 Chronicles 34:15). This early edition, corresponding roughly to chapters 5–26 and 28 of Deuteronomy as it now stands, expresses a cultic liturgy.
What are the major themes of deuteronomistic history?
The Deuteronomistic history explains Israel's successes and failures as the result of faithfulness, which brings success, or disobedience, which brings failure; the destruction of the Kingdom of Israel by the Assyrians (721 BCE) and the Kingdom of Judah by the Babylonians (586) are Yahweh's punishment for continued ...
What are the 5 Pentateuch books?
The Pentateuch, Add MS 4709 The five books making up the Torah are Be-reshit, Shemot, Va-yikra, Be-midbar and Devarim, which in the English Bible correspond to Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy.
What is Deuteronomic theology comprised of?
The Deuteronomic “theology of history” shows through very clearly in Judges: unless the people of the Covenant remain faithful and obedient to Yahweh, they will suffer the due consequences of disobedience, whether it be an overtly willful act or an unthinking negligence in keeping the Covenant promise.
What do Deuteronomy mean?
second lawThe name Deuteronomy comes from the Septuagint's Greek title for the book, to deuteronomion, meaning “second law” or “repeated law,” a name tied to one of the Hebrew appellations for the book, Mishneh Torah.
Who wrote Deuteronomy and why?
Who wrote this book? Moses is the author of Deuteronomy. Throughout the book we see Moses fulfilling his divinely appointed role as “the great law-giver of Israel” (D&C 138:41). Moses was also a prototype of the Messiah, Jesus Christ (see Deuteronomy 18:15–19).
What is difference between Torah and Pentateuch?
The meaning of “Torah” is often restricted to signify the first five books of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament), also called the Law (or the Pentateuch, in Christianity). These are the books traditionally ascribed to Moses, the recipient of the original revelation from God on Mount Sinai.
Is Torah and Pentateuch the same?
The most prominent meaning for Jews is that the Torah constitutes the first five books of the Hebrew Bible (also called the Pentateuch, 'five books' in Greek), traditionally thought to have been composed by Moses. These sacred texts are written on a scroll and kept in a synagogue.
How many books are in the Torah?
five booksThe Torah contains five books: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.
Who wrote the deuteronomistic history?
Martin NothThe Deuteronomistic History / AuthorMartin Noth was a German scholar of the Hebrew Bible who specialized in the pre-Exilic history of the Hebrews and promoted the hypothesis that the Israelite tribes in the immediate period after the ... Wikipedia
What is the Deuteronomic cycle?
The Deuteronomic Cycle is a recurring theme of the Book of Judges in the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible). The Israelites would turn from the worship of God to follow the pagan religions of the surrounding nations. In his anger, God handed them over to raiders and to the armies of their enemies.
What is deuteronomistic ideology?
The deuteronomic conquest traditions represent an ideological presentation of the past, a justification for certain actions and practices on the basis of Israel's self-understanding as the chosen people. Israel's action in dispossessing the former inhabitants is pro- jected as fulfilling the purposes of Yahweh.
Who is the author of Deuteronomy?
Old Testament scholar Martin Noth of the University of Bonn is the name most often associated with the Deuteronomistic History theory, which arose in the first half of the 20th century. Noth considered the book of Deuteronomy to be an introduction to the books of history, rather than a summary of the preceding books of law.
What is the deuteronomistic history?
Answer. Deuteronomistic History is the name given to the group of books known as the “Former Prophets” in the Hebrew Bible (Joshua, Judges, 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel, 1 Kings, and 2 Kings) as well as the book of Deuteronomy. Proponents see the Deuteronomistic History as originally a single work composed during the exilic period.
Why do conservatives reject the idea that the Prophets are the work of a single author?
Conservative scholars generally reject the idea that the “Former Prophets” are the work of a single author due to stylistic differences among the individual books. Since Scripture does not designate the author (s) of the “Former Prophets,” both a single author and multiple authors are within the realm of possibility.
Is the Book of the Annals of the Kings of Israel an eyewitness account?
The books in question do not claim to be eyewitness accounts, and the author (s) refer to source materials that could be consulted at the time of writing (e.g., the Book of the Annals of the Kings of Israel, mentioned in 1 Kings 14:19 ).
What is the book of Deuteronomy?
The Book of Deuteronomy (literally "second law" from Greek deuteros + nomos) is the fifth book of the Torah, where it is called Devarim ( Hebrew: דְּבָרִים ), "the words [of Moses]", and the fifth book of the Christian Old Testament, where it is also known as the Fifth Book of Moses . Chapters 1–30 of the book consist of three sermons ...
When was the Deuteronomic Code written?
Most scholars believe that the Deuteronomic Code was composed during the late monarchic period, around the time of King Josiah (late 7th century BCE), although some scholars have argued for a later date, either during the Babylonian captivity (597–539 BCE) or during the Persian period (539–332 BCE).
What chapter does Moses die in?
Chapters 31 –34: Joshua is installed as Moses's successor, Moses delivers the law to the Levites (a priestly caste ), and ascends Mount Nebo or Pisgah, where he dies and is buried by God. The narrative of these events is interrupted by two poems, the Song of Moses and the Blessing of Moses.
What are the words in Deuteronomy 29-30?
Nitzavim, on Deuteronomy 29–30: covenant, violation, choose blessing and curse. Vayelech, on Deuteronomy 31: Encouragement, reading and writing the law. Haazinu, on Deuteronomy 32: Punishment, punishment restrained, parting words. V'Zot HaBerachah, on Deuteronomy 33–34: Farewell blessing and death of Moses.
What is the significance of Deuteronomy?
Deuteronomy stresses the uniqueness of God, the need for drastic centralisation of worship, and a concern for the position of the poor and disadvantaged. Its many themes can be organised around the three poles of Israel, Israel's God, and the covenant which binds them together.
When did Babylon destroy Judah?
The next stage took place during the Babylonian captivity. The destruction of the Kingdom of Judah by Babylon in 586 BCE and the end of kingship was the occasion of much reflection and theological speculation among the Deuteronomistic elite, now in exile in the city of Babylon.
Who has chosen Israel as his special property?
Yahweh has chosen ("elected") Israel as his special property (Deuteronomy 7:6 and elsewhere), and Moses stresses to the Israelites the need for obedience to God and covenant, and the consequences of unfaithfulness and disobedience.
Who is the author of the Deuteronomistic History?
eBooks. The Authors of the Deuteronomistic History: Locating a Tradition in Ancient Israel by Brian Neil Peterson. "Peterson engages one of the most enduring controversies in current critical scholarship on the Hebrew Bible, the identities and provenances of the authors of the various “editions” of the Deuteronomistic History.
What are the historical books of the Hebrew Bible?
The Historical Books of the Hebrew Bible include what is often referred to as the Deuteronomic History (Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1/2 Samuel, 1/2 Kings) 1/2 Chronicles, Ezra, and Nehemiah. This guide is intended to introduce students to the various academic discussions concerning these works, especially in terms of historiography, ...
What is the dictionary of the Old Testament?
The Dictionary of the Old Testament: Historical Books is the only reference book focused exclusively on these biblical books and the history of Israel. The dictionary presents articles on numerous historical topics as well as major articles ...
What is the dictionary about?
The dictionary presents articles on numerous historical topics as well as major articles focused on the books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings, Chronicles, Ezra and Nehemiah. Other articles focus on the Deuteronomistic History as well as the Chronicler's History, the narrative art of Israel's historians, innerbiblical exegesis, ...
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Who edited the Deuteronomic History?
Some scholars have proposed (with strong evidence) that the Deuteronomic History, while based off of primary sources by writers such as Moses, Joshua, and Samuel, was compiled and edited together by the Israelites of the Second Temple Era that had returned from exile. The purpose of this sort of document ...
Why is it important to read the book of Deuteronomy?
Reading the book of Deuteronomy as part of this history helps us to understand the particular emphasis given on these laws. Deuteronomy is marked by speeches made by Moses to the assembly of Israel, and speeches by leader exhorting covenant faithfulness appear consistently throughout the Deuteronomic History.
What is the purpose of Deuteronomy?
The Purpose of Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomic History. The book of Deuteronomy is well-known as the conclusion of the Pentateuch, the first five books of the Bible that were collectively known by the Israelites as “the Torah” or “The Law.”. The main character in this collection (besides God) is the prophet Moses, ...
Who is the main character in Deuteronomy?
The main character in this collection (besides God) is the prophet Moses, who serves as the leader of the Israelite heirs to the Genesis promises and the human protagonist of Exodus, Leviticus, and Numbers. Deuteronomy is the last speeches of Moses to the generation of Israelites that is going to conquer the promised land ...
Who were the types of Moses?
People such as Joshua, Samuel, David, and Josiah serve as types (or literary echoes) of Moses to the Israelites: faithful, courageous men who lead Israel to faithful covenant service and bring about blessings to their people. Men such as Saul and many of the Judges and Kings serve as reminders of the failed generation of ...
What laws did Israel follow?
It’s a summary of the laws that Israel was to follow in order to adhere to the blessings of the covenant (social justice, cleanliness, respect of the priesthood and tabernacle, feast days, moral purity, etc.), and a preview of the laws that Israel is going to flagrantly break in their time in the promised land.
Overview
Composition
The historical background to the book's composition is seen in the following general terms:
• In the late 8th century BCE both Judah and Israel were vassals of Assyria. Israel rebelled and was destroyed c.722 BCE. Refugees fleeing to Judah brought with them a number of new traditions (new to Judah, at least). One of these was that the god Yahweh, already known and worshiped in Judah, was not merely the most important of the gods, but the only god who should be served. T…
Structure
Patrick D. Miller in his commentary on Deuteronomy suggests that different views of the structure of the book will lead to different views on what it is about.
The structure is often described as a series of three speeches or sermons (chapters 1:1–4:43, 4:44–29:1, 29:2–30:20) followed by a number of short appendices – Miller refers to this as the "literary" structure; alternatively, it is sometimes seen as a ring-structure with a central core (cha…
Summary
(The following "literary" outline of Deuteronomy is from John Van Seters; it can be contrasted with Alexander Rofé's "covenantal" analysis in his Deuteronomy: Issues and Interpretation. )
• Chapters 1–4: The journey through the wilderness from Horeb (Sinai) to Kadesh and then to Moab is recalled.
• Chapters 4–11: After a second introduction at 4:44–49 the events at Mount Horeb are recalled, with the giving of the Ten Commandments. Heads of families are urged to in…
Themes
Deuteronomy stresses the uniqueness of God, the need for drastic centralisation of worship, and a concern for the position of the poor and disadvantaged. Its many themes can be organised around the three poles of Israel, Yahweh, and the covenant which binds them together.
The themes of Deuteronomy in relation to Israel are election, faithfulness, obedience, and Yahweh's promise of blessings, all expressed through the covenant: "obedience is not primarily …
Judaism's weekly Torah portions in the Book of Deuteronomy
• Devarim, on Deuteronomy 1–3: Chiefs, scouts, Edom, Ammonites, Sihon, Og, land for two and a half tribes
• Va'etchanan, on Deuteronomy 3–7: Cities of refuge, Ten Commandments, Shema, exhortation, conquest instructions
• Eikev, on Deuteronomy 7–11: Obedience, taking the land, golden calf, Aaron's death, Levites’ duties
Influence on Judaism and Christianity
Deuteronomy 6:4–5: "Hear, O Israel (shema Yisra'el), the LORD is our God, the LORD is one!" has become the basic credo of Judaism, the Shema Yisrael, and its twice-daily recitation is a mitzvah (religious commandment). It continues, "Thou shalt love the LORD thy God with all thy heart and all thy soul and all thy might"; it has therefore also become identified with the central Jewish concept of the love of God, and the rewards that come as a result.
See also
• 613 commandments
• Documentary hypothesis
• Hebrew Bible
• Kashrut
• Mosaic authorship