| Gas | Gross Heating Value | Gross Heating Value | Net Heating Value | Net Heating Value |
| Digester Gas (Sewage or Biogas) | 690 | 11316 | 621 | 10184 |
| Ethane - C2H6 | 1783 | 22198 | 1630 | 20295 |
| Ethyl alcohol saturated with water | 1548 | 12804 | ||
| Ethylene | 1631 | 21884 | 1530 | 20525 |
What percentage of natural gas is ethane?
After methane, ethane is the second-largest component of natural gas. Natural gas from different gas fields varies in ethane content from less than 1% to more than 6% by volume.
What is the chemical formula for ethane?
Ethane (/ˈɛθeɪn/ or /ˈiːθeɪn/) is an organic chemical compound with chemical formula C. 2H. 6. At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas.
What are the thermal properties of ethane?
Ethane - Liquid Thermal Properties - Density, specific heat and more of liquid ethane. Ethane - Specific Heat Gas vs. Temperature - Specific heat of Ethane Gas - C2H6- for temperatures ranging 250 - 900 K. Fuels and Chemicals - Autoignition Temperatures - Autoignition points for fuels and chemicals like butane, coke, hydrogen, petroleum and more.
Is ethane a flammable gas?
At room temperature, ethane is an extremely flammable gas. When mixed with air at 3.0%–12.5% by volume, it forms an explosive mixture. Some additional precautions are necessary where ethane is stored as a cryogenic liquid.
How do you find fuel value?
3:417:38So field value is minus 200 this / - 1 4 this is the calorie per gram. So let us calculate thisMoreSo field value is minus 200 this / - 1 4 this is the calorie per gram. So let us calculate this value 2 1 4 divided by 200 200 200 to 1 4. This is 200 divided by 2 +. 4.
What is the fuel value of a substance?
The fuel value of a substance is the amount of heat released when a specified amount (e.g. 1 gram) of the substance is completely combusted in oxygen (O) at a constant pressure (e.g. 1 atm) in a bomb calorimeter. The heat of combustion is the enthalpy change of combustion.
Which has the highest fuel value?
HydrogenHydrogen has the highest calorific value of 141 790 KJ/kg thus have highest fuel value. Calorific value of charcoal natural gas and gasoline are 29 600; 43 000; 47 300 kJ/ kg respectively. Natural gas majorly consists of methane.
How do you calculate calorific value of ethane?
Calorific value of ethane, in kJ/g if for the reaction : 2C2H6 + 7O2 → 4CO2 + 6H2O; Δ H = - 745.6 kcal.
What is calorific value of LPG?
b "The calorific value of LPG is 55000 kJ/kg".
What is the fuel value of natural gas?
The heating value of a typical natural gas is often between 1,000 BTU/SCF to 1,200 BTU/SCF.
Which fuel has lowest calorific value?
Coal has the lowest calorific value.
What is heating value of a fuel?
The heat value of a fuel is the amount of heat released during its combustion. Also referred to as energy or calorific value, heat value is a measure of a fuel's energy density, and is expressed in energy (joules) per specified amount (e.g. kilograms).
What is the fuel value of propane?
FuelDensityLower Heating Value (LHV) (Net Calorific Value - NCV)@0°C/32°F, 1 barPentane0.6345.4Petroleum naphtha*0.72544.9Propane0.49846.446 more rows
What is the chemical formula for ethane?
Ethane ( / ˈɛθeɪn / or / ˈiːθeɪn /) is an organic chemical compound with chemical formula C. 2H. 6. At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. Like many hydrocarbons, ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas and as a petrochemical by-product of petroleum refining.
What is the boiling point of ethane?
At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. It has a boiling point of −88.5 °C (−127.3 °F) and melting point of −182.8 °C (−297.0 °F). Solid ethane exists in several modifications. On cooling under normal pressure, the first modification to appear is a plastic crystal, crystallizing in the cubic system. In this form, the positions of the hydrogen atoms are not fixed; the molecules may rotate freely around the long axis. Cooling this ethane below ca. 89.9 K (−183.2 °C; −297.8 °F) changes it to monoclinic metastable ethane II ( space group P 21/n). Ethane is only very sparingly soluble in water.
Why is ethane favored for ethene production?
Ethane is favored for ethene production because the steam cracking of ethane is fairly selective for ethene, while the steam cracking of heavier hydrocarbons yields a product mixture poorer in ethene and richer in heavier alkenes (olefins), such as propene (propylene) and butadiene, and in aromatic hydrocarbons .
How is ethane separated from methane?
Ethane is most efficiently separated from methane by liquefying it at cryogenic temperatures. Various refrigeration strategies exist: the most economical process presently in wide use employs a turboexpander, and can recover more than 90% of the ethane in natural gas. In this process, chilled gas is expanded through a turbine, reducing the temperature to about −100 °C (−148 °F). At this low temperature, gaseous methane can be separated from the liquefied ethane and heavier hydrocarbons by distillation. Further distillation then separates ethane from the propane and heavier hydrocarbons.
How is ethane synthesised?
In the laboratory, ethane may be conveniently synthesised by Kolbe electrolysis. In this technique, an aqueous solution of an acetate salt is electrolysed. At the anode, acetate is oxidized to produce carbon dioxide and methyl radicals, and the highly reactive methyl radicals combine to produce ethane:
How to measure ethane bond?
The bond parameters of ethane have been measured to high precision by microwave spectroscopy and electron diffraction: rC–C = 1.528 (3) Å, rC–H = 1.088 (5) Å, and ∠CCH = 111.6 (5)° by microwave and rC–C = 1.524 (3) Å, rC–H = 1.089 (5) Å, and ∠CCH = 111.9 (5)° by electron diffraction (the numbers in parentheses represents the uncertainties in the final digits).
What is the process of combustion of ethane?
Combustion occurs by a complex series of free-radical reactions. Computer simulations of the chemical kinetics of ethane combustion have included hundreds of reactions. An important series of reaction in ethane combustion is the combination of an ethyl radical with oxygen, and the subsequent breakup of the resulting peroxide into ethoxy and hydroxyl radicals.
Overview
Production
After methane, ethane is the second-largest component of natural gas. Natural gas from different gas fields varies in ethane content from less than 1% to more than 6% by volume. Prior to the 1960s, ethane and larger molecules were typically not separated from the methane component of natural gas, but simply burnt along with the methane as a fuel. Today, ethane is an important petrochemical feedstock and is separated from the other components of natural gas in most wel…
History
Ethane was first synthesised in 1834 by Michael Faraday, applying electrolysis of a potassium acetate solution. He mistook the hydrocarbon product of this reaction for methane and did not investigate it further. During the period 1847–1849, in an effort to vindicate the radical theory of organic chemistry, Hermann Kolbe and Edward Frankland produced ethane by the reductions of propionitrile (ethyl cyanide) and ethyl iodide with potassium metal, and, as did Faraday, by the elec…
Properties
At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. It has a boiling point of −88.5 °C (−127.3 °F) and melting point of −182.8 °C (−297.0 °F). Solid ethane exists in several modifications. On cooling under normal pressure, the first modification to appear is a plastic crystal, crystallizing in the cubic system. In this form, the positions of the hydrogen atoms are not f…
Chemistry
Ethane can be viewed as two methyl groups joined, that is, a dimer of methyl groups. In the laboratory, ethane may be conveniently synthesised by Kolbe electrolysis. In this technique, an aqueous solution of an acetate salt is electrolysed. At the anode, acetate is oxidized to produce carbon dioxide and methyl radicals, and the highly reactive methyl radicals combine to produce eth…
Usage
The chief use of ethane is the production of ethylene (ethene) by steam cracking. When diluted with steam and briefly heated to very high temperatures (900 °C or more), heavy hydrocarbons break down into lighter hydrocarbons, and saturated hydrocarbons become unsaturated. Ethane is favored for ethylene production because the steam cracking of ethane is fairly selective for ethylene, while the steam cracking of heavier hydrocarbons yields a product mixture poorer in et…
Health and safety
At room temperature, ethane is an extremely flammable gas. When mixed with air at 3.0%–12.5% by volume, it forms an explosive mixture.
Some additional precautions are necessary where ethane is stored as a cryogenic liquid. Direct contact with liquid ethane can result in severe frostbite. Until they warm to room temperature, the vapors from liquid ethane are heavier than air and can flow along the floor or ground, gathering i…
See also
• Biogas: carbon-neutral alternative to natural gas
• Biorefining
• Biodegradable plastic
• Drop-in bioplastic