Inflorescence Types
- I. Solitary Inflorescence. – The flowers that arise singly at the axil of vegetative leaf are solitary flower, e.g., china rose, Datura.
- II. Racemose Inflorescence. Racemose inflorescence is an indeterminate inflorescence which shows indefinite growth and bears a number of flowers due to the presence of active growing points.
- III. Cymose Inflorescence. ...
What is solitary axillary inflorescence?
Solitary terminal is the inflorescence in which single flower of the terminal part of growth. Solitary axillary: If single flower develops from the axis of leaves and branches of plant, then the inflorescence will be solitary axillary.
What is a solitary flower?
Or in another sense, Solitary flower is an inflorescence made up of only 1 flower. The complete terminology is: "inflorescence with solitary flower". To understand what is an inflorescence with solitary flower, you need to look for what is NOT an inflorescence with solitary flower.
What is inflorescence?
The inflorescence is a compact unisexual, often hanging, spike which matures and falls down as a single unit, e.g., Mulberry (Morns, vern. Shahtoot), Poplar (Populus), Willow (Salix), Red Hot Cattail (Acalypha hispidd), Betula, Quercus. 8. Spadix (Fig. 5.73):
What does soliary mean in plants?
Solitary flower means one flower at a specific position of a plant. It usually accompanies with another word either terminal or axillary. Soliary terminal means a flower present at the apex of the main stem or its branches. e.g. Trillium grandiflorum.
What is solitary in flower?
A flower that is not part of an inflorescence is called a solitary flower and its stalk is also referred to as a peduncle. Any flower in an inflorescence may be referred to as a floret, especially when the individual flowers are particularly small and borne in a tight cluster, such as in a pseudanthium.
What is solitary axillary inflorescence?
In option D, solitary axillary is mentioned. It is a further subdivision of solitary inflorescence. In this type of inflorescence, single flowers grow in the axils of leaves. This type of inflorescence is found in Petunia, Garden Nasturtium, and Shoe Flower.
Is the inflorescence solitary terminal or axillary?
Solitary terminal is the inflorescence in which single flower of the terminal part of growth. Solitary axillary: If single flower develops from the axis of leaves and branches of plant, then the inflorescence will be solitary axillary.
What is solitary cymose inflorescence?
Solitary cymose inflorescence refers to a determinate inflorescence composed of a single flower. Examples include poppy, gardenia (ornamental plant), tulip, etc. Flowers are said to be solitary when the plant bears only one, or when single flowers appear on the ends of lateral branches that are remote from one another.
What is solitary in biology?
Solitary is the state of being alone or in solitude. The term may refer to: shortened form of solitary confinement. Solitary animal, an animal that does not live with others in its species. Solitary but social, a type of social organization in biology where individuals forage alone but share sleeping space.
What is the difference between a solitary flower and an inflorescence?
Furthermore, an important difference between flower and inflorescence is that while the flower is a modified shoot, which serves as the reproductive organ of flowering plants, the inflorescence is a cluster of flowers arranged on a floral axis.
Is Rose a solitary flower?
Think of roses , they are solitary terminals and are in numbers in each plant, always growing at the apices of branches.
Is Hibiscus a solitary flower?
In Cymose inflorescence, growth of peduncle is finite and it terminates into flower. In Hibiscus, flower is borne singly at the tip of peduncle. Hence, teacher described Hibiscus as solitary cyme.
What is axillary inflorescence?
Definition. An inflorescence that arises from a leaf axil.
Which of the following is an example of solitary cyme?
Inflorescence - axillary and solitary cyme, Solanum is a genus of flowering plants that is wide and diverse. Inflorescence - Monochasial cyme, Within the dogbane family Apocynaceae, Nerium oleander is a shrub or small tree....IIISolitary cymeSolanumMonochasial cymeIpomoeaCymuleDaturaPolychasial cymeNerium
What is a Zygomorphic flower?
Definition of zygomorphic of a flower. : having floral parts unequal in size or form so that the flower is capable of division into essentially symmetrical halves by only one longitudinal plane passing through the axis.
What is racemose and Cymose?
Racemose and cymose are two types of inflorescence, i.e. arrangement of flowers around the main axis. In racemose, the main axis continues to grow indefinitely and the flowers are borne laterally. In cymose inflorescence, flowers are borne terminally on the floral axis and shows determinate growth of the main axis.
What is a solitary flower?
A flower that is not part of an inflorescence is called a solitary flower and its stalk is also referred to as a peduncle. Any flower in an inflorescence may be referred to as a floret, especially when the individual flowers are particularly small and borne in a tight cluster, such as in a pseudanthium .
What are the characteristics of an inflorescence?
Inflorescences are described by many different characteristics including how the flowers are arranged on the peduncle, the blooming order of the flowers and how different clusters of flowers are grouped within it.
What is the leaf of an inflorescence called?
Considering the broadest meaning of the term, any leaf associated with an inflorescence is called a bract . A bract is usually located at the node where the main stem of the inflorescence forms, joined to the rachis of the plant, but other bracts can exist within the inflorescence itself.
What is the fruiting stage of an inflorescence?
The fruiting stage of an inflorescence is known as an infructescence . Inflorescences may be simple (single) or complex ( panicle ). The rachis may be one of several types, including single, composite, umbel, spike or raceme .
What is an inflorescence in Aloe Hereroensis?
Aloe hereroensis, showing inflorescence with branched peduncle. An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed. The modifications can involve the length and ...
What prevents terminal flower growth?
It is suggested that indeterminate flowers have a common mechanism that prevents terminal flower growth. Based on phylogenetic analyses, this mechanism arose independently multiple times in different species. In an indeterminate inflorescence there is no true terminal flower and the stem usually has a rudimentary end.
What is the axis of a flower called?
The major axis (incorrectly referred to as the main stem) above the peduncle bearing the flowers or secondary branches is called the rachis. The stalk of each flower in the inflorescence is called a pedicel. A flower that is not part of an inflorescence is called a solitary flower and its stalk is also referred to as a peduncle.
What is a special inflorescence?
Special Inflorescence. Type # 1. Solitary Flowers: Flowers occur singly or are separated from other flowers of the same plant by vegetative regions. Solitary flowers are formed by direct transformation of shoot tips into flowers.
What is the inflorescence of a receptacle?
Sterile, neuter or gall flowers occur in between the two groups. The inflorescence is formed by the condensation of three types of flower- bear ing axes (cymose groups).
What is the arrangement of flowers?
The arrangement of flowers is either acropetal (older towards base and younger towards apex) or centripetal (older towards periphery and younger towards centre). Racemose inflorescence is of two types, simple and compound.
Why do all pedicellate flowers arise from a single point in a centripetal fashion?
Umbel (Fig. 5.70): All the pedicellate flowers arise from a single point in a centripetal fashion because the peduncle is reduced. An involucres or a whorl of bracts is often present at the base of flowers, e.g., Androsace, Centella asiatica (= Hydrocotyle asiatica, vern. Brahmi).
How many flowers are in a cluster of cymes?
Two clusters, each having 3-9 flowers, develop on a node in the axils of opposite leaves. Each cluster consists of a dichasial cyme with monochasial branches. The axis of the cyme is shortened so that all the flowers arise from a single point.
What are the two types of flowers separated by downwardly directed sterile hair or neuter flower?
The two types of flowers are separated by downwardly directed sterile hair or neuter flower, e.g., Colocasia, Arum. In a spadix the appendix of the peduncle and the spathe are coloured to attract insects for pollination. The spathe is tubular in the basal region to protect the flowers. ADVERTISEMENTS: 9.
What is the pore of hypanthodium?
Hypanthodium has a flask-shaped fleshy receptacle which possesses a narrow canal and a terminal pore at one end. The pore is surrounded by a few scales while the canal is lined by downwardly pointed hairs. Internally the receptacle bears male flowers towards the pore and female flowers towards the base.
II. Racemose Inflorescence
Racemose inflorescence is an indeterminate inflorescence which shows indefinite growth and bears a number of flowers due to the presence of active growing points.
III. Cymose Inflorescence
Cymose inflorescence is the name of determinate or definite inflorescence in which the tip of the main axis terminates in a flower and further growth continues by one or more lateral branches which also behave like the main axis.
IV. Special Types of Inflorescence
Special types of inflorescence are basically cymose but ultimately it is modified to form a special appearance.
V. Mixed Inflorescence
Mixed inflorescence have both the characters of racemose and cymose type of inflorescence. Some examples of mixed inflorescence are as follows:
Which type of inflorescence does not end in a flower?
Racemose Inflorescence: In this type of inflorescence the main axis does not end in a flower, but it grows continuously and develops flowers on its lateral sides in acropetal succession (i.e., the lower or outer flowers are older than the upper or inner ones).
What is the main axis of the inflorescence?
The main axis of the inflorescence together with the latest axes, if present, is termed as the peduncle. The stalk of the individual flower of the inflorescence is called the pedicel.
How are florets arranged?
The florets are arranged in a centripetal manner on the receptacle, i.e., the outer flowers are older and open earlier than the inner ones. The individual flowers (florets) are bracteate. In addition the whole inflorescence remains surrounded by a series of bracts arranged in two or three whorls.
How many flowers does a peduncle have?
In this type of inflorescence the peduncle bears a terminal flower and stops growing. At the same time the peduncle produces two lateral younger flowers or two lateral branches each of which terminates in a flower. There are three flowers; the oldest one is in the centre.
What is the name of the flower that is attached to a spikelet?
Each spikelet may bear one to several flowers (florets) attached to a central stalk known as rachilla. Spikeletes are arranged in a spike inflorescence which is composed of several to many spikelets which are combined in various manners on a main axis called the rachis.
Which type of inflorescence is ceased by the development of a flower at its apex?
Inflorescence: Type # 2. Cymose Inflorescence: In this type of inflorescence the growth of the main axis is ceased by the development of a flower at its apex, and the lateral axis which develops the terminal flower also culminates in a flower and its growth is also ceased.
What is the structure of spikelets?
ADVERTISEMENTS: The usual structure of spikelet is as— There is a pair of sterile glumes at the base of spikelet, the lower, outer glume called the first, and the upper, inner one called the second. Just above the glumes, there is series of florets, partly enclosed by them.
