What is the inverse stretch reflex Quizlet?
What is inverse stretch reflex? The Golgi tendon reflex (also called inverse stretch reflex, autogenic inhibition, tendon reflex) is an inhibitory effect on the muscle resulting from the muscle tension stimulating Golgi tendon organs (GTO) of the muscle, and hence it is self-induced. Click to see full answer.
How is the stretch reflex activated and inhibited?
The motor neuron is activated and the stretched muscles, and its supporting muscles, are contracted while its antagonist muscles are inhibited (relaxed). The stretch reflex can be activated by external forces (such as a load placed on the muscle) or internal forces (the motor neurons being stimulated from within.)
What is an example of the stretch reflex?
Another example of the stretch reflex is the knee-jerk test performed by physicians. When the patellar tendon is tapped with a small hammer, or other device, it causes a slight stretch in the tendon, and consequently the quadriceps muscles. The result is a quick, although mild, contraction of the quadriceps muscles,...
Where are the spindles of the stretch reflex?
Anatomy of the Stretch Reflex Located within the belly of the muscle, between and parallel to the main muscle fibers, are muscle spindles. These muscle spindles are made up of spiral threads called intrafusal fibers, and nerve endings, both encased within a connective tissue sheath.
What is the difference between stretch reflex and inverse stretch reflex?
This reflex, which connects high force in the Golgi tendon organs with relaxation, is the opposite of the myotatic reflex, the stretch reflex, in which stretch elicits a reflex contraction. Thus, this reflex is called the inverse myotatic reflex even though the muscle is not necessarily stretched.
What are the types of stretch reflex?
ExamplesJaw jerk reflex (CN V)Biceps reflex C5/C6.Brachioradialis reflex C6.Extensor digitorum reflex C6/C7.Triceps reflex C6/C7.Patellar reflex L2-L4 (knee-jerk)Ankle jerk reflex S1/S2.
What is the mechanism of stretch reflex?
The stretch reflex is activated (or caused) by a stretch in the muscle spindle. When the stretch impulse is received a rapid sequence of events follows. The motor neuron is activated and the stretched muscles, and its supporting muscles, are contracted while its antagonist muscles are inhibited (relaxed).
How do you inhibit an inverse stretch reflex?
0:462:08Reciprocal innervation,Inverse stretch reflex, Negative feedback inhibitionYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipOff the budget in an organ the three connection inhibitory to the homonymous smashes. Its inhibitoryMoreOff the budget in an organ the three connection inhibitory to the homonymous smashes. Its inhibitory to these synergistic muscle in his excitatory.
What are the two types of stretches?
There are two main types of stretches: static stretches and dynamic stretches. Static stretches are those in which you stand, sit or lie still and hold a single position for period of time, up to about 45 seconds.
What were the two different kinds of reflexes?
The two main types of reflexes are somatic reflexes, which are performed consciously, and autonomic reflexes, which are performed subconsciously. The effectors for somatic reflexes are muscles, whilst the effectors for autonomic reflexes are inner organs.
What is the receptor in stretch reflex?
The receptor responsible for initiating a stretch reflex is the muscle spindle. Muscle spindles are found in almost all skeletal muscles and are particularly concentrated in muscles that exert fine motor control (e.g., the small muscles of the hand and eye).
Are stretch reflexes autonomic or somatic?
The most common categories of somatic reflexes include the stretch reflex, the inverse stretch reflex, and the withdrawal reflex. Somatic reflexes have myelinated axons connecting the CNS to the skeletal muscle cells.
What is tonic stretch reflex?
The involuntary mechanism leading to changes in muscle activation and force with its slow stretch is called the tonic stretch reflex, and the dependence of active muscle force on muscle length is called the tonic stretch reflex characteristic. The exact neurophysiological loop of this reflex is unknown.
How inverse stretch reflex is triggered?
The Golgi tendon reflex (also called inverse stretch reflex, autogenic inhibition, tendon reflex) is an inhibitory effect on the muscle resulting from the muscle tension stimulating Golgi tendon organs (GTO) of the muscle, and hence it is self-induced.
Which reflex prevents you from falling when you suddenly lift one foot off the ground in response to pain?
The crossed extensor reflex or crossed extensor response or crossed extension reflex is a reflex in which the contralateral limb compensates for loss of support when the ipsilateral limb withdraws from painful stimulus in a withdrawal reflex.
Is clonus a spasticity?
Spasticity as a sensory-motor disorder acknowledges that sensory stimuli are an influence on the experience of worsening spasticity. Clonus is also distinguished from spasticity; clonus is involuntary jerks and tremors of the limb. It can concurrently be present with spasticity and rigidity.
What is the function of stretch reflex?
Functions. The first major function of the stretch reflex is muscle protection. When a muscle length increases, the muscle spindle within that muscle stretches, and its nerve activity will increase. Resulting from this is increased alpha motor neuron activity.
What happens when a stretch reflex is activated?
When a stretch reflex is activated, it not only causes contraction of the synergistic muscles, but also caused relaxation i.e. has an inhibitory effect on the antagonist muscles. Once a stretch reflex occurs, the impulse is sent from the stretched muscle spindle, to the alpha motor neuron. The alpha motor neuron is split.
What are the reflexes that maintain posture?
We require reflexes to maintain our posture and trunkal balance. These are known as spinal reflexes. Finally we have brainstem reflexes, e.g. the eye movement reflexes. The stretch reflex is also referred to as the deep tendon reflex or myotatic reflex.
What is the contraction of a muscle that occurs in response to its stretch?
Stretch reflex. The stretch reflex is the contraction of a muscle that occurs in response to its stretch. It is not controlled by higher functioning centre i.e. the brain, and is a monosynaptic response that is transmitted to the spinal cord. Our body needs to be able to respond without our cortical input.
What are the spindles of a muscle?
Embedded within a muscle are the muscle spindles. Muscle spindles are composed of a few intrafusal fibres (nuclear bag and nuclear chain are the subtypes), which in fact lack the contractile proteins of normal muscle (actin and myosin), they are non contractile, and they serve as receptive surfaces.
Why do muscles have stretch reflexes?
Evolutionarily, the stretch reflex was designed as a protective measure for the muscles, in order to prevent tearing that can occur due to vigorous movement. Once the muscle spindle is stretched, the impulse is sent back to the muscle very quickly, and protects it from being pulled forcefully or beyond its normal range of motion. When a reflex takes place, all of the synergistic muscles (those that cause the same movement) also contract while antagonistic muscles are inhibited. The decrease in the simultaneous contraction of the opposing muscles reduces the likelihood of injury.
Where does the reflex process take place?
The nerve synapses with a second nerve within the spinal cord, with the alpha motor neuron to contract. This impulse does not need to travel to the brain, and therefore simply travels from the muscle spindles to the spinal cord, and back to the muscle. The entire reflex process takes place over a few milliseconds.
How does the stretch reflex work?
The stretch reflex is activated (or caused) by a stretch in the muscle spindle. When the stretch impulse is received a rapid sequence of events follows. The motor neuron is activated and the stretched muscles, and its supporting muscles, are contracted while its antagonist muscles are inhibited (relaxed).
Where are stretch reflexes located?
Anatomy of the Stretch Reflex. Located within the belly of the muscle, between and parallel to the main muscle fibers, are muscle spindles. These muscle spindles are made up of spiral threads called intrafusal fibers, and nerve endings, both encased within a connective tissue sheath.
What happens when a muscle is stretched too far?
If a muscle is stretched (lengthened) too far or too quickly the muscle spindles are excited and the stretch reflex is activated , which causes the muscles to contract, thereby protecting the muscle from being over stretched or torn. These impulses travel from the spinal cord to the muscle and back again in a continuous loop.
What is the term for the muscle contraction that is triggered by a stretch stimulus?
The stretch reflex (also called the myotatic reflex, the muscle stretch reflex and sometimes the knee-jerk reflex), is a pre-programmed response by the body to a stretch stimulus in the muscle. When a muscle spindle is stretched an impulse is immediately sent to the spinal cord and a response to contract the muscle is received.
Why is the stretch reflex important?
It helps maintain proper posturing because a slight lean to either side causes a stretch in the spinal, hip and leg muscles to the other side , which is quickly countered by the stretch reflex. This is a constant process of adjusting and maintaining.
How long does it take for a stretch reflex to occur?
Since the impulse only has to go to the spinal cord and back, not all the way to the brain, it is a very quick impulse. It generally occurs within 1-2 milliseconds. The stretch reflex is designed as a protective mechanism, to prevent strain and tear injuries to the muscles and tendons.
How to avoid stretch reflex?
Never push yourself beyond what is comfortable. Only stretch to the point where you can feel tension in your muscles. This way, you will avoid injury and get the maximum benefits from your stretching.
