What are the features of Centrum heterocoelous?
1. Centrum heterocoelous, i.e., surface saddle-shaped, anterior face concave from side to side and convex from above downwards; posterior face convex from side to side and concave from above downwards. 2. Odontoid process (centrum of first vertebra) peg-like.
What does heterocoelous mean?
1 : of or relating to vertebrae having saddle-shaped articular surfaces heterocoelous birds. 2 [ New Latin Heterocoela + English -ous ] : of or relating to the Syconosa.
What is a heterocoelous vertebrae?
Heterocoelous—type of vertebrae in the necks of birds and some turtles, in which the articulating surfaces are saddle-shaped to allow for maximum flexibility. Holospondylous—term which refers to vertebrae which are one single unit.
What is a Centrum in vertebrae?
A typical vertebra has an axial cylindrical piece called centrum to which different processes are attached. Centrum provides strength to vertebra and connects one vertebra with another. There are many types of centra in vertebrates. Amphicoelous vertebrae are found in fishes apoda and some urodela.
What is Heterocoelous vertebra?
Definition of heterocoelous 1 : of or relating to vertebrae having saddle-shaped articular surfaces heterocoelous birds. 2 [New Latin Heterocoela + English -ous] : of or relating to the Syconosa.
What is Centrum in vertebrae?
Every vertebra has a body (vertebral body), which consists of a large anterior middle portion called the centrum (vertebral centrum, plural centra) and a posterior vertebral arch, also called a neural arch.
What type of Centrum is present in vertebrae of Class Reptilia?
This the correct answer is option (D) Procoelous.
What are vertebras?
The vertebrae (back bones) of the spine include the cervical spine (C1-C7), thoracic spine (T1-T12), lumbar spine (L1-L5), sacral spine (S1-S5), and the tailbone. Each vertebra is separated by a disc. The vertebrae surround and protect the spinal cord.
What is Centrum mean?
the centerMedical Definition of centrum 1 : the center especially of an anatomical part. 2 : the body of a vertebra ventral to the neural arch.
What is the function of Centrum?
This medication is a multivitamin and iron product used to treat or prevent vitamin deficiency due to poor diet, certain illnesses, or during pregnancy. Vitamins and iron are important building blocks of the body and help keep you in good health.
What is Amphiplatyan Centrum?
Definition of amphiplatyan : flat at both ends —used of vertebrae having both anterior and posterior surfaces of the centrum flat.
Which type of Centrum is found in trunk vertebrae?
Opisthocoelous - centrum convex on anterior surface, concave on posterior surface, characteristic of some of the vertebrae of reptiles and mammals.
Which type of Centrum is found in the vertebrae of mammals?
acoelousThe vertebrae that have centrum with flat ends are called as acoelous, which is found in mammals. These flat ends of the centrum provide support and distribute forces as well as provides muscle attachment point.
Which vertebrae affect which nerves?
The spinal nerves are numbered according to the vertebrae above which it exits the spinal canal. The 8 cervical spinal nerves are C1 through C8, the 12 thoracic spinal nerves are T1 through T12, the 5 lumbar spinal nerves are L1 through L5, and the 5 sacral spinal nerves are S1 through S5. There is 1 coccygeal nerve.
Is laminectomy the same as decompression?
Cervical laminectomy Laminectomy is surgery that creates space by removing the lamina — the back part of a vertebra that covers your spinal canal. Also known as decompression surgery, laminectomy enlarges your spinal canal to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves.
Can fused vertebrae be corrected?
During spinal fusion, your surgeon places bone or a bonelike material within the space between two spinal vertebrae. Metal plates, screws and rods may be used to hold the vertebrae together, so they can heal into one solid unit.
What is the purpose of the centrum?
Centrum provides strength to vertebra and connects one vertebra with another. There are many types of centra in vertebrates. Amphicoelous vertebrae are found in fishes apoda and some urodela. These have concavities on anterior as well as posterior side of the centrum.
What are the two transverse processes attached to the lateral side of the centrum?
But in other vertebrates it may have one or two attachment places for ribs, which are called diapophysis and parapophysis.
What is the difference between a neural arch and a haemal arch?
Neural arch and neural spine are attached on the dorsal side of the centrum to protect the spinal cord , while haemal spine and haemal arch are attached on the ventral side to protect the blood vessels going to tail. There are two transverse processes attached on the lateral side of the centrum, which are enlarged in frog for protection of the back. But in other vertebrates it may have one or two attachment places for ribs, which are called diapophysis and parapophysis.
Which vertebrae are bony and identifiable into trunk and caudal vertebrae?
Vertebrae are bony and identifiable into trunk and caudal vertebrae. Caudal vertebrae possess long neural and haemal spines. Centra are amphicoelous and notochord is extremely constricted in the middle of the centrum. Ribs are single headed attached to the trunk vertebrae.
How many vertebrae are fused in chelonia?
In chelonia, 10 thoracic vertebrae including their ribs are fused with the carapace.
Is the sacral region absent in the Apoda centra?
In apoda centra are amphicoelous and notochord persists. Number of vertebrae can be as many as 250 and caudal region is short. Sacral region is absent.
What is a centrum heterocoelous?
Centrum heterocoelous, i.e., surface saddle-shaped, anterior face concave from side to side and convex from above downwards; posterior face convex from side to side and concave from above downwards.
Which arch encloses a narrow neural canal?
2. Neural arch quadrangular and encloses a narrow neural canal.
Which canal is restricted to anterior part only?
4. Neural canal restricted to anterior part only.
What is the name of the arch with a narrow neural spine and a neural canal?
2. Dorsal neural arch with a narrow neural spine and a neural canal.
What is the difference between a heterocoelous and a holospondylous vertebrae?
Holospondylous—term which refers to vertebrae which are one single unit.
Which condition of vertebrae in which both the intercentrum and pleurocentrum fuse to become the centru?
Diapophysis—projection on the pleurocentrum of a vertebra which articulates with the tuberculum of a rib. Diplospondyly—condition of vertebrae in which both the intercentrum and pleurocentrum fuse to become the centrum during development. False rib—a rib in which the distal end is articulated with another rib.
What is the name of the structure that forms at the myosepta on the notochord of?
Apophysis—any projection from a bone, especially on vertebrae. Arch centers (arculaia)—structures which form at the myosepta on the notochord of teleosts which give rise to the dorsal and ventral arches of the vertebrae.
Which arch is the intercentrum?
Hemal arch—cartilaginous or bony arch on the ventral side (bottom) of the notochord. The body of a hemal arch is the intercentrum.
Where is the postzygapophysis?
Postzygapophysis—a zygapophysis on the posterior end of a vertebra.
Where is the interneural arch?
Interneural arch—cartilaginous or bony arch which lies on the dorsal side (top) of the notochord, in between two neural arches.
What is the name of the large ventral extension on the sternum of birds used for attachment of flight mus?
Carina (keel) —large ventrally-projecting extension on the sternum of birds used for attachment of flight musculature. Caudal—refers to tail vertebrae. Centrum—the body or largest central part of a vertebra. Cervical—refers to vertebrae in the neck of an animal.
