Receiving Helpdesk

what are the characteristics of dss

by Zora Ratke Published 3 years ago Updated 3 years ago

Characteristics of a DSS

  • Support for decision-makers in semi-structured and unstructured problems.
  • Support for managers at various managerial levels, ranging from top executive to line managers.
  • Support for individuals and groups. Less structured problems often requires the involvement of several individuals from different departments and organization level.
  • Support for interdependent or sequential decisions.
  • Support for intelligence, design, choice, and implementation.
  • Support for variety of decision processes and styles.
  • DSSs are adaptive over time.

Characteristics of DSS
  • Organize information intended for use in decision making.
  • Allows decision maker to interact with it in a natural manner.
  • Supports decisions involving complex problems that are formulated as semistructured.
  • Supports the decision process that leads to a solution.
  • eg.

What is the typical information used by a DSS?

Typical information used by a DSS includes target or projected revenue, sales figures or past ones from different time periods, and other inventory- or operations-related data. A decision support system (DSS) is a computerized system that gathers and analyzes data, synthesizing it to produce comprehensive information reports.

What are the advantages of DSS?

(iii) DSS imparts ability to try several different strategies under different configurations, quickly and objectively. (iv) Data collection and model construction experimentations are executed with active users’ participation; thus greatly facilitating communication among managers.

What are the salient characteristics of Decision Support Systems (DSS)?

Following are the salient characteristics of DSS: (i) DSS incorporate both data and models. (ii) They are designed to assist managers in their decision processes in semi-structured or unstructured tasks. (iii) They support managerial judgment; rather than replacing it. (iv) DSS improve the effectiveness of the decisions;

What are the components of a DSS framework?

The three main components of a DSS framework are: 1 Model Management System The model management system S=stores models that managers can use in their decision-making. ... 2 User Interface The user interface includes tools that help the end-user of a DSS to navigate through the system. 3 Knowledge Base

What are major characteristics of DSS?

Following are the salient characteristics of DSS: (i) DSS incorporate both data and models. ADVERTISEMENTS: (ii) They are designed to assist managers in their decision processes in semi-structured or unstructured tasks. (iii) They support managerial judgment; rather than replacing it.

What is DSS and what are the characteristics of DSS?

Decision Support system (DSS): Decision support system is an information system that utilizes decision model, a database and decision makers own insights in an add hoer, an interactive analytical process to reach a specific decision by specification decision maker.

What are the characteristics for DSS How do they differ from those of ESS?

Difference between DSS and ESS :DSSESSIt provides detailed information.It provides precise information.It uses internal data.It uses internal and external data both.It supports structured and semi-structured data both.It supports structured problems.It is for middle management.It is for top level management.2 more rows•Aug 25, 2020

Which of the following is a good characteristics of a DSS?

7. Which of the following is a good characteristic of a DSS? Explanation: A DSS always responds quickly to decision makers to help in decision making.

What is decision support system DSS )? Explain in detail the characteristics importance and limitation of decision support system DSS?

A decision support system (DSS) is a computerized program used to support determinations, judgments, and courses of action in an organization or a business. A DSS sifts through and analyzes massive amounts of data, compiling comprehensive information that can be used to solve problems and in decision-making.

What is DSS example?

Decision support system examples Example uses include: GPS route planning. A DSS can be used to plan the fastest and best routes between two points by analyzing the available options. These systems often include the capability to monitor traffic in real-time to route around congestion.

What are DSS GDSS and ESS?

DSS, GDSS, and ESS are systems for decision making, and they create a special set of challenges and opportunities. Opportunities. Systems for decision support provide extraordinary opportunities for increasing the precision, accuracy, and rapidity of decisions made by both managers and employees.

What is DSS in information system?

A decision support system (DSS) is a computer program application used to improve a company's decision-making capabilities. It analyzes large amounts of data and presents an organization with the best possible options available.

Which of the following is a characteristic of group decision support systems?

A GDSS has a number of unique characteristics to support a group of participants in their decision-making process: Special design to support creative thinking, effective communications and decision-making techniques. Easy to use so participants from different backgrounds can all participate effectively.

Purpose of a Decision Support System

A decision support system produces detailed information reports by gathering and analyzing data. Hence, a DSS is different from a normal operations application, whose goal is to collect data and not analyze it.

Types of Decision Support Systems

Communication-driven: Allows companies to support tasks that require more than one person to work on the task. It includes integrated tools such as Microsoft SharePoint Workspace and Google Docs.

Advantages of a Decision Support System

A decision support system increases the speed and efficiency of decision-making activities. It is possible, as a DSS can collect and analyze real-time data.

Disadvantages of a Decision Support System

The cost to develop and implement a DSS is a huge capital investment, which makes it less accessible to smaller organizations.

Related Readings

CFI is the official provider of the global Business Intelligence & Data Analyst (BIDA)® Become a Certified Business Intelligence & Data Analyst (BIDA)™ From Power BI to SQL & Machine Learning, CFI's Business Intelligence Certification (BIDA) will help you master your analytical superpowers. certification program, designed to help anyone become a world-class financial analyst.

image

What Is A Decision Support System (DSS)?

Image
A decision support system (DSS) is a computerized program used to support determinations, judgments, and courses of action in an organization or a business. A DSS sifts through and analyzes massive amounts of data, compiling comprehensive information that can be used to solve problems and in decision-m…
See more on investopedia.com

Understanding A Decision Support System

  • A decision support system gathers and analyzes data, synthesizing it to produce comprehensive information reports. In this way, as an informational application, a DSS differs from an ordinary operations application, whose function is just to collect data. The DSS can either be completely computerized or powered by humans. In some cases, it may combine both. The ideal systems a…
See more on investopedia.com

Using A DSS

  • The DSS can be employed by operations management and other planning departments in an organization to compile information and data and synthesize it into actionable intelligence. In fact, these systems are primarily used by mid- to upper-level management. For example, a DSS may be used to project a company's revenueover the upcoming six months based on new assumptions …
See more on investopedia.com

Characteristics of A DSS

  • The primary purpose of using a DSS is to present information to the customer in an easy-to-understand way. A DSS system is beneficial because it can be programmed to generate many types of reports, all based on user specifications. For example, the DSS can generate information and output its information graphically, as in a bar chart that represent...
See more on investopedia.com

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
8.3.21PHP Version1.9sRequest Duration2MBMemory UsageGET {post}Route
  • warninglog[18:56:58] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\QueryFormatter:...
  • warninglog[18:56:58] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\QueryFormatter:...
  • warninglog[18:56:58] LOG.warning: Callables of the form ["Swift_SmtpTransport", "Swift_Transport_EsmtpTranspor...
  • warninglog[18:56:58] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\SimpleFormatter...
  • warninglog[18:56:58] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\SimpleFormatter...
  • warninglog[18:56:58] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[18:56:58] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • Booting (13.43ms)
  • Application (1.88s)
  • 1 x Application (99.27%)
    1.88s
    1 x Booting (0.71%)
    13.43ms
    7 templates were rendered
    • themes.DevBlog.content.post (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/content/post.blade.php)34blade
      Params
      0
      post
      1
      postContent
      2
      author
      3
      updated_at
      4
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      5
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      6
      bing_related_keywords
      7
      google_related_keywords
      8
      bing_news_title
      9
      bing_news_description
      10
      bing_videos
      11
      bing_images
      12
      bing_search_result_title
      13
      bing_search_result_description
      14
      bing_search_result_url
      15
      bing_paa_questions
      16
      bing_paa_answers
      17
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      18
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      19
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      20
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      21
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      22
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      23
      google_faq_questions
      24
      google_faq_answers
      25
      google_rich_snippet
      26
      google_search_result
      27
      indexedArray
      28
      total_images
      29
      total_videos
      30
      settings
      31
      url_current
      32
      menus
      33
      sidebar
    • themes.DevBlog.layouts.master (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/layouts/master.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.head (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/head.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.header (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/header.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.navbar (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/navbar.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.footer (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/footer.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.scripts (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/scripts.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    uri
    GET {post}
    middleware
    web, checkdate
    as
    post.show
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\Frontend\json_data\PostController@show
    namespace
    where
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/Frontend/json_data/PostController.php:18-166
    7 statements were executed1.86s
    • select * from `posts` where `published_at` <= '2025-06-24 18:56:58' and `slug` = 'what-are-the-characteristics-of-dss' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      3.29ms/app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php:54receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 2025-06-24 18:56:58
      • 1. what-are-the-characteristics-of-dss
      Backtrace
      • 15. /app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php:54
      • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php:842
      • 19. Route binding:39
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
      • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:78
    • select * from `json_post_contents` where `json_post_contents`.`post_id` = 191171 and `json_post_contents`.`post_id` is not null and `rewrite_id` = 0
      9.4msmiddleware::checkdate:30receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 191171
      • 1. 0
      Backtrace
      • 19. middleware::checkdate:30
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
      • 21. /vendor/laravel/jetstream/src/Http/Middleware/ShareInertiaData.php:61
      • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
    • select * from `nova_menu_menus` where `slug` = 'header' limit 1
      900μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:32receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. header
      Backtrace
      • 15. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:32
      • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • select * from `nova_menu_menu_items` where `nova_menu_menu_items`.`menu_id` = 1 and `nova_menu_menu_items`.`menu_id` is not null and `parent_id` is null order by `parent_id` asc, `order` asc, `name` asc
      610μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 1
      Backtrace
      • 19. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
      • 20. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
      • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
    • select * from `nova_menu_menu_items` where `nova_menu_menu_items`.`parent_id` in (1) order by `order` asc
      570μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Backtrace
      • 24. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
      • 25. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
      • 27. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 28. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • 29. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
    • select `id`, `post_title`, `slug` from `posts` where `status` = 'publish' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 10
      1.85s/app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:22receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. publish
      Backtrace
      • 14. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:22
      • 15. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:12
      • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
      • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:162
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
    • select * from `fake_users` where `fake_users`.`id` = 31821 limit 1
      850μsview::2dd102cf0462e89a4d4d8bc77355d767652bf9aa:15receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 31821
      Backtrace
      • 21. view::2dd102cf0462e89a4d4d8bc77355d767652bf9aa:15
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
      • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 25. /vendor/livewire/livewire/src/ComponentConcerns/RendersLivewireComponents.php:69
      • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
    App\Models\FakeUser
    1
    Outl1ne\MenuBuilder\Models\MenuItem
    1
    Outl1ne\MenuBuilder\Models\Menu
    1
    App\Models\JsonPostContent
    1
    App\Models\Post
    11
        _token
        ohSmnyDr8rplguHaTILWuWPLqIVVPuwralmopPpt
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://receivinghelpdesk.com/ask/what-are-the-characteristics-of-dss" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /what-are-the-characteristics-of-dss
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:25 [ "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkhzbTZUTTNHakZleEp1bWRoeXlNTUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiellVRHh3UFdIVnI2WXdHRW5kL29PUm45Q21aRHl6N3Rkd0EyWGFhZGZqYUw5NTlBalBGdjRQWjhPQWQxVGdBYW14NEZGaU9FY3RFcHdYaGFQZFl2Uk1mQ2poTXBKZUdZekdSeXpCV2YzamZRcmJyKy8vOWcvRjZyOTRReXFSSFEiLCJtYWMiOiJmNWMwOWU0YWNjNGQyMWZiMTg0MjE1YzBlYTBmOWZiNzNiNTYyMWRkNTc2ZmEwY2ZkNjNiNGY4NmQzZTYyMDBhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6ImhVaDgrbFlGaEIxZk9GV0JSUDBoRnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiaE1ja2dpR0h2bm8zbjJoUDNoSkhnaTNTVjc0aUNDR1hnK1U3TGcrQWpLNVpnSjdjdWN5U3pUQ2tGUTlRdXlKNlF1UEpLVEhhNGo1dWF1azl1aXlpd1l1eDRnZndSNE1oUktubkkyQk1UYjZ1SnkzL0NGc3VaZ1ZLSGtwM2EyVkQiLCJtYWMiOiJiOGQ1MWRiYWZjOTQzNTQyYWVmZDNkZGEwNTA5OWU3N2RkMmRhMGZkZmE3NzhiYWJkY2M3MzI2NjQ2MGI3NGFkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; _pk_id.64.7c30=4e02f0edf7389363.1750771617.; _pk_ses.64.7c30=1XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkhzbTZUTTNHakZleEp1bWRoeXlNTUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiellVRHh3UFdIVnI2WXdHRW5kL29PUm45Q21aRHl6N3Rkd0EyWGFhZGZqYUw5NTlBalBGdjRQWjhPQWQxVGdBYW14NEZGa" ] "cf-ipcountry" => array:1 [ 0 => "US" ] "cf-connecting-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "216.73.216.102" ] "cdn-loop" => array:1 [ 0 => "cloudflare; loops=1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Chromium";v="130", "HeadlessChrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, br" ] "cf-ray" => array:1 [ 0 => "954c8f598e84e98e-ORD" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "cf-visitor" => array:1 [ 0 => "{"scheme":"https"}" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "close" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "216.73.216.102, 172.70.100.235" ] "x-server-addr" => array:1 [ 0 => "154.12.239.204" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "receivinghelpdesk.com" ] ]
        request_server
        0 of 0
        array:56 [ "USER" => "runcloud" "HOME" => "/home/runcloud" "SCRIPT_NAME" => "/ask/index.php" "REQUEST_URI" => "/ask/what-are-the-characteristics-of-dss" "QUERY_STRING" => "" "REQUEST_METHOD" => "GET" "SERVER_PROTOCOL" => "HTTP/1.0" "GATEWAY_INTERFACE" => "CGI/1.1" "REDIRECT_URL" => "/ask/what-are-the-characteristics-of-dss" "REMOTE_PORT" => "36354" "SCRIPT_FILENAME" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/ask/index.php" "SERVER_ADMIN" => "you@example.com" "CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/" "CONTEXT_PREFIX" => "" "REQUEST_SCHEME" => "http" "DOCUMENT_ROOT" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/" "REMOTE_ADDR" => "172.70.100.235" "SERVER_PORT" => "80" "SERVER_ADDR" => "127.0.0.1" "SERVER_NAME" => "receivinghelpdesk.com" "SERVER_SOFTWARE" => "Apache/2.4.63 (Unix) OpenSSL/1.1.1f" "SERVER_SIGNATURE" => "" "LD_LIBRARY_PATH" => "/RunCloud/Packages/apache2-rc/lib" "PATH" => "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" "HTTP_COOKIE" => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkhzbTZUTTNHakZleEp1bWRoeXlNTUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiellVRHh3UFdIVnI2WXdHRW5kL29PUm45Q21aRHl6N3Rkd0EyWGFhZGZqYUw5NTlBalBGdjRQWjhPQWQxVGdBYW14NEZGaU9FY3RFcHdYaGFQZFl2Uk1mQ2poTXBKZUdZekdSeXpCV2YzamZRcmJyKy8vOWcvRjZyOTRReXFSSFEiLCJtYWMiOiJmNWMwOWU0YWNjNGQyMWZiMTg0MjE1YzBlYTBmOWZiNzNiNTYyMWRkNTc2ZmEwY2ZkNjNiNGY4NmQzZTYyMDBhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6ImhVaDgrbFlGaEIxZk9GV0JSUDBoRnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiaE1ja2dpR0h2bm8zbjJoUDNoSkhnaTNTVjc0aUNDR1hnK1U3TGcrQWpLNVpnSjdjdWN5U3pUQ2tGUTlRdXlKNlF1UEpLVEhhNGo1dWF1azl1aXlpd1l1eDRnZndSNE1oUktubkkyQk1UYjZ1SnkzL0NGc3VaZ1ZLSGtwM2EyVkQiLCJtYWMiOiJiOGQ1MWRiYWZjOTQzNTQyYWVmZDNkZGEwNTA5OWU3N2RkMmRhMGZkZmE3NzhiYWJkY2M3MzI2NjQ2MGI3NGFkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; _pk_id.64.7c30=4e02f0edf7389363.1750771617.; _pk_ses.64.7c30=1XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkhzbTZUTTNHakZleEp1bWRoeXlNTUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiellVRHh3UFdIVnI2WXdHRW5kL29PUm45Q21aRHl6N3Rkd0EyWGFhZGZqYUw5NTlBalBGdjRQWjhPQWQxVGdBYW14NEZGa" "HTTP_CF_IPCOUNTRY" => "US" "HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP" => "216.73.216.102" "HTTP_CDN_LOOP" => "cloudflare; loops=1" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_MODE" => "navigate" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_SITE" => "none" "HTTP_ACCEPT" => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" "HTTP_USER_AGENT" => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" "HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS" => "1" "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_PLATFORM" => ""Windows"" "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_MOBILE" => "?0" "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA" => ""Chromium";v="130", "HeadlessChrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99"" "HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL" => "no-cache" "HTTP_PRAGMA" => "no-cache" "HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING" => "gzip, br" "HTTP_CF_RAY" => "954c8f598e84e98e-ORD" "HTTP_PRIORITY" => "u=0, i" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_DEST" => "document" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_USER" => "?1" "HTTP_CF_VISITOR" => "{"scheme":"https"}" "HTTP_CONNECTION" => "close" "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO" => "https" "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR" => "216.73.216.102, 172.70.100.235" "HTTP_X_SERVER_ADDR" => "154.12.239.204" "HTTP_HOST" => "receivinghelpdesk.com" "HTTPS" => "on" "REDIRECT_STATUS" => "200" "REDIRECT_HTTPS" => "on" "FCGI_ROLE" => "RESPONDER" "PHP_SELF" => "/ask/index.php" "REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT" => 1750771618.8234 "REQUEST_TIME" => 1750771618 ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:4 [ "XSRF-TOKEN" => "ohSmnyDr8rplguHaTILWuWPLqIVVPuwralmopPpt" "askhelpdesk_session" => "hxn3Y3hZPH5HmOVx3gkqnxLxZ5S174B8qbbg3NzE" "_pk_id_64_7c30" => null "_pk_ses_64_7c30" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:7 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "private, must-revalidate" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 24 Jun 2025 13:26:58 GMT" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "expires" => array:1 [ 0 => -1 ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjRUMGUzNml0Ryt2VUVrRFdMYU5Zd1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYXVBU2ZjQ1ZnRGV6WVFDYlFkTGk3ajE3eW1USCt5S1E4amxQRXB1Z3F3R00wK1NFbVYwQXo0V2gwTmkrVVNpZFg1SWVpZzZZVEkvT2x6RzBiYnRVR0JNUzk2Z0xWSkJxZ0UrOEdpVUN5RXJwU2l1V3B3VkprczYvWW0rOTdYL00iLCJtYWMiOiJhZGZhMTViOTRjNzI1MzE2YTMxMDEyZTU3ZDdmMDNhYWE1NzIxZWMzZTBkY2Y5YTg2Nzg2YzllMzNhMzNmNzAyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Tue, 24-Jun-2025 15:27:00 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjRUMGUzNml0Ryt2VUVrRFdMYU5Zd1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYXVBU2ZjQ1ZnRGV6WVFDYlFkTGk3ajE3eW1USCt5S1E4amxQRXB1Z3F3R00wK1NFbVYwQXo0V2gwTmkrVVNpZFg1SWVpZ" 1 => "askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6Im1EMFg2UU1wblZacXRRVzFRSjdjdUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWEZtd3lGb0dVanBkcTBQUThsMDg2OGNiUDVFYmZNRlFkckFzelA4QU5yWFdDMWw0OEtJaXRueEl4alcvTjZpcW02ZzYzNnVWZ0dTREEvWFpPZjBTWUNnM0lKN08wRG8xdFhWQVRjRVJwNnZyVlhIQnBZVjBabERnOFR5MGtxZDEiLCJtYWMiOiI4ZmQ4Njk5Y2U3NTU5NTc1NGRmNzY0MDJlZjc1YWM0N2UzZTBhN2UyMGNlZWRhNDQ3OWQyYTRlZTE2ZmI4OGJkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Tue, 24-Jun-2025 15:27:00 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; httponly; samesite=laxaskhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6Im1EMFg2UU1wblZacXRRVzFRSjdjdUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWEZtd3lGb0dVanBkcTBQUThsMDg2OGNiUDVFYmZNRlFkckFzelA4QU5yWFdDMWw0OEtJaXRueEl4alcvTjZp" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjRUMGUzNml0Ryt2VUVrRFdMYU5Zd1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYXVBU2ZjQ1ZnRGV6WVFDYlFkTGk3ajE3eW1USCt5S1E4amxQRXB1Z3F3R00wK1NFbVYwQXo0V2gwTmkrVVNpZFg1SWVpZzZZVEkvT2x6RzBiYnRVR0JNUzk2Z0xWSkJxZ0UrOEdpVUN5RXJwU2l1V3B3VkprczYvWW0rOTdYL00iLCJtYWMiOiJhZGZhMTViOTRjNzI1MzE2YTMxMDEyZTU3ZDdmMDNhYWE1NzIxZWMzZTBkY2Y5YTg2Nzg2YzllMzNhMzNmNzAyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Tue, 24-Jun-2025 15:27:00 GMT; path=/XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjRUMGUzNml0Ryt2VUVrRFdMYU5Zd1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYXVBU2ZjQ1ZnRGV6WVFDYlFkTGk3ajE3eW1USCt5S1E4amxQRXB1Z3F3R00wK1NFbVYwQXo0V2gwTmkrVVNpZFg1SWVpZ" 1 => "askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6Im1EMFg2UU1wblZacXRRVzFRSjdjdUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWEZtd3lGb0dVanBkcTBQUThsMDg2OGNiUDVFYmZNRlFkckFzelA4QU5yWFdDMWw0OEtJaXRueEl4alcvTjZpcW02ZzYzNnVWZ0dTREEvWFpPZjBTWUNnM0lKN08wRG8xdFhWQVRjRVJwNnZyVlhIQnBZVjBabERnOFR5MGtxZDEiLCJtYWMiOiI4ZmQ4Njk5Y2U3NTU5NTc1NGRmNzY0MDJlZjc1YWM0N2UzZTBhN2UyMGNlZWRhNDQ3OWQyYTRlZTE2ZmI4OGJkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Tue, 24-Jun-2025 15:27:00 GMT; path=/; httponlyaskhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6Im1EMFg2UU1wblZacXRRVzFRSjdjdUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWEZtd3lGb0dVanBkcTBQUThsMDg2OGNiUDVFYmZNRlFkckFzelA4QU5yWFdDMWw0OEtJaXRueEl4alcvTjZp" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:4 [ "_token" => "ohSmnyDr8rplguHaTILWuWPLqIVVPuwralmopPpt" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://receivinghelpdesk.com/ask/what-are-the-characteristics-of-dss" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]