Importante: La hipocromía y la anisocitosis, pueden manifestarse al mismo tiempo en casos de anemia. Por otra parte, la anisocitosis puede estar relacionada con algún tipo de anemia debido a la deficiencia de hierro en el organismo, mineral indispensable para la síntesis de hemoglobina y la producción de glóbulos rojos en la sangre.
Full Answer
What does it mean to have hipocromía?
Hipocromía significa que los glóbulos rojos tienen menos color de lo normal al examinarlos bajo un microscopio. Esto generalmente ocurre cuando no hay suficiente cantidad del pigmento que transporta el oxígeno ( hemoglobina) en dichos glóbulos rojos.
What is hypochromia and how does it affect you?
Hypochromia is usually associated with microcytic anemias, and severe anemia can damage your heart and lungs. It can result in heart failure, cardiac arrest, and abnormally fast heartbeat, and can even result in death.
What are the causes of anisocytosis?
Pernicious anemia is an autoimmune disorder. Other disorders that can cause anisocytosis include: In addition, certain drugs used to treat cancer, known as cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, can result in anisocytosis. Anisocytosis may also be seen in those with cardiovascular disease and some cancers.
How is anisocytosis diagnosed and treated?
The way to diagnose anisocytosis is with a blood smear. This will be conducted by a skilled professional, often a laboratory scientist, hematologist, or pathologist. A blood sample is taken and then examined under a microscope to see if the cells are abnormal in shape or unequal in size.
What is Anisocytosis?
Anisocytosis is a condition where the red blood cells (RBC), which are the blood cells that carry oxygen, are unequal in size. It is usually seen i...
What causes Anisocytosis?
Anisocytosis is commonly seen in sickle cell anemia, iron-deficiency anemia, hemolytic anemia, folic acid or vitamin B12 deficiency, myelodysplasti...
How is anisocytosis treated?
The treatment of anisocytosis depends on the cause. The underlying illness should be identified and treated first. As the most common cause is anem...
What is hypochromia?
When the red blood cells are paler and have less color than usual, it is called hypochromia. This occurs due to less amount of hemoglobin in the ce...
What causes hypochromia?
The most common cause of hypochromia is iron deficiency, which when left untreated might cause iron-deficiency anemia. Other conditions where hypoc...
Is hypochromia dangerous?
Hypochromia is usually associated with microcytic anemias, and severe anemia can damage your heart and lungs. It can result in heart failure, cardi...
What is microcytic hypochromic anemia?
Microcytic hypochromic anemia is a type of anemia where the red blood cells are smaller (microcytic) and paler (hypochromic) than usual. These red...
What is the treatment for microcytic hypochromic anemia?
Depending on the cause, microcytic hypochromic anemia is treated by antibiotics for chronic infections, hormonal medicines for excessive menstrual...
How to treat anisocytosis?
In extreme cases of anisocytosis, a doctor may recommend a blood transfusion. This process can replace the blood containing abnormal cells with blood containing normal cells.
What is anisocytosis in medical terms?
Treatment. Prevention. Outlook. Anisocytosis is a condition when the red blood cells are unequal in size . “Aniso” means unequal, and “cytosis” refers to the movement, features, or number of cells. Anisocytosis itself is a nonspecific term, as there are several different ways in which cells can be unequal. The condition is prominent in cases of iron ...
What is the difference between microcytosis and anisocytosis?
Normocytic anemia: This is a blood problem when a person has normal-sized red blood cells, but there is a low amount of them. Microcytosis: This is when the red blood cells are smaller than usual. Anisocytosis is when there is an increased variation in these cell sizes.
What is anisocytosis in anemia?
Anisocytosis is prominent in iron deficiency anemia and is a condition where the red blood cells are unequal in size. Image credit: Dr Graham Beards, 2012. Anemia can be broken down into three different types: macrocytic, normocytic, and microcytic: Macrocytosis: This refers to when red blood cells are larger than usual.
What is aplastic anemia?
Aplastic anemia is a rare bone marrow disorder that develops when the body does not make enough blood cells. Viral infections, radiation, exposure to toxic chemicals, and drug use can cause aplastic anemia. Hemolytic anemia happens when red blood cells are broken up.
How to diagnose anisocytosis?
The way to diagnose anisocytosis is with a blood smear. This will be conducted by a skilled professional, often a laboratory scientist, hematologist, or pathologist. A blood sample is taken and then examined under a microscope to see if the cells are abnormal in shape or unequal in size.
Why is iron deficiency anemia common?
It develops when there is not enough iron in the blood and is often due to blood loss. It can also be caused by poor iron absorption from childbirth, pregna ncy, and having gastric bypass surgery.
Anisocitosis: significado
Cuando nos realizamos un análisis de sangre o de tejido, uno de los resultados esperados dentro de lo que se considera un cuadro saludable, es que el tamaño de los glóbulos o células presentes de un mismo tipo sea uniforme entre ellas.
Causas de la anisocitosis
La presencia de estos valores irregulares en sangre suele referir o hacer sospechar a que existen problemas significativos en relación a deficiencias vitamínicas y nutricionales, principalmente de:
Anisocitosis: síntomas
La anisocitosis, como hemos visto, produce anemia y con ello reducción en el oxígeno transportado en sangre, razón por la cual sus síntomas más comunes van a ser el fácil cansancio y los mareos.
1. Anemia
La anemia es una afección, por la cual los niveles normales de hemoglobina están disminuidos en los glóbulos rojos. Esto puede suceder por varias causas, sin embargo en la anisocitosis suele presentarse en algunos tipos de anemia en razón a la deficiencia de hierro para la síntesis de hemoglobina. (2)
2. Déficit de vitaminas y minerales
La anisocitosis también se ha asociado a la deficiencia de algunos micronutrientes esenciales para la síntesis y producción de hemoglobina y glóbulos rojos.
3. Transfusiones sanguíneas
Cuando el paciente necesita acudir a la terapia de transfusiones de sangre para recuperar los valores mínimos sanguíneos, entre ellos el de la hemoglobina, puede suceder que la sangre utilizada contenga glóbulos rojos de mayor o menor tamaño que la del paciente.
4. Enfermedades y tratamientos médicos
Otra de las causas que pueden originar la anisocitosis, es que el paciente padezca de la enfermedad de células falciformes, la enfermedad hepática crónica y el síndrome mielodisplásico. Estas enfermedades suelen alterar el tamaño de los eritrocitos .
1. Aumentar la ingesta de alimentos ricos en hierro y vitamina C
La modificación de los hábitos alimentarios, será una de las estrategias a implementar para tratar la anisocitosis, por lo que la ingesta de alimentos ricos en hierro será de las primeras opciones.
2. Consumir suplementos alimenticios
Otra de las estrategias a las cuales podemos acudir es al consumo de suplementos vitamínicos, cuando el origen de la anemia que ha provocado la anisocitosis es a causa de la deficiencia de ácido fólico o vitamina B12.
1. Deficiencia de hierro
Como hemos mencionado con anterioridad, la hipocromía se detecta por la deficiencia de hemoglobina en los glóbulos rojos y la causa de esta deficiencia es la insuficiencia de algunas vitaminas y minerales como el hierro, la vitamina B12 y el ácido fólico.
2. Alteraciones en la síntesis de hemoglobina
Las alteraciones en la síntesis de hemoglobina, consisten en trastornos hereditarios caracterizados por mutaciones genéticas que afectan la síntesis de hemoglobina. Una de estos trastornos es la Talasemia (5), el cual impide la producción adecuada de hemoglobina, necesaria para los glóbulos rojos.
3. Anemia sideroblástica
La anemia sideroblástica es una de las anemias que ocurren por la utilización defectuosa del hierro por parte del organismo, caracterizada por una inadecuada utilización medular del hierro para la síntesis de hemo, a pesar de la presencia de concentraciones adecuadas del mismo en el organismo. (6)
1. Aumento del consumo de hierro
Si la causa de la hipocromía se atribuye a una anemia ferropénica en razón a la falta de hierro, entonces la medida terapéutica es una alimentación donde se incluya alimentos ricos en hierro, como la espinaca, el brócol i, carnes rojas, pescados y mariscos, algunas legumbres, entre otros.
2. Transfusiones sanguíneas
En aquellos casos, donde la hipocromía es atribuida a trastornos en la producción de hemoglobina por causas hereditarias, la terapia aconsejada es la transfusión sanguínea.
3. Suplementos de vitamina B6 y ácido fólico
El ácido fólico y la piridoxina (vitamina B6), son micronutrientes que intervienen en la síntesis de la hemoglobina. Cuando la anemia que provoca la hipocromía tiene origen en la deficiencia de estas vitaminas, lo adecuado es recurrir al consumo de suplementos hasta equilibrar los niveles de estas vitaminas en la sangre.
What is hypochromia in blood?
Hypochromia is defined as low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) in the setting of normal hemoglobin (Hb) in the red blood cells 1) . The cause of hypochromia should be evaluated by your health care provider.
What is the most common cause of hypochromia?
Hypochromia causes. The most common cause of hypochromia in the United States is not enough iron in the body (iron deficien cy). If it is not treated, this can lead to a disorder called iron deficiency anemia.
What causes anemia in the body?
Iron deficiency anemia causes. Iron deficiency anemia occurs when your body doesn’t have enough iron to produce hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is the part of red blood cells that gives blood its red color and enables the red blood cells to carry oxygenated blood throughout your body.
What is the term for a red blood cell that has less color than normal?
What is hypochromia. Hypochromia means that the red blood cells have less color than normal when examined under a microscope. Hypochromia usually occurs when there is not enough of the pigment that carries oxygen (hemoglobin) in the red blood cells. Hypochromia is defined as low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) ...
Why is iron deficiency anemia?
Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body’s tissues. As the name implies, iron deficiency anemia is due to insufficient iron. Without enough iron, your body can’t produce enough of a substance in red blood cells that enables them to carry oxygen (hemoglobin).
How to prevent iron deficiency in infants?
To prevent iron deficiency anemia in infants, feed your baby breast milk or iron-fortified formula for the first year. Cow’s milk isn’t a good source of iron for babies and isn’t recommended for infants under 1 year. After age 6 months, start feeding your baby iron-fortified cereals or pureed meats at least twice a day to boost iron intake . After one year, be sure children don’t drink more than 20 ounces (591 milliliters) of milk a day. Too much milk often takes the place of other foods, including those that are rich in iron.