Receiving Helpdesk

why does the independent variable go on the x axis

by Adrain Olson DVM Published 3 years ago Updated 3 years ago

In any data set, the independent or X-variable is the one that was chosen or manipulated by the experimenter. For example, time is always an independent variable (and goes on the x-axis) because the experimenter is choosing which time points to take measurements at—1 second intervals, 5 minute intervals, etc.

Does the independent variable always go on the x-axis?

The independent variable belongs on the x-axis (horizontal line) of the graph and the dependent variable belongs on the y-axis (vertical line).

Why did you plot the independent variable on the horizontal axis and dependent variable on the vertical axis?

So, while the previous detailed answer gave some excellent examples, the real REASON we plot the independent variable on the x-axis is just to follow the convention in order to make our results or observations more readily understood by others.29-Aug-2015

Where does the independent variable go on a table?

The independent variable usually goes in the columns, while the dependent variable goes in the rows. Rows and columns intersect at cells.12-Apr-2021

What is the difference between the dependent and independent variable on which axis of the graph is each located?

The independent variable always goes on the x-axis, or the horizontal axis. The dependent variable goes on the y-axis, or vertical axis. ... The amount of time studied is the independent variable, because it's what she changed, so it's on the x-axis.26-Jan-2020

Why is time always an independent variable?

For example, time is always an independent variable (and goes on the x-axis) because the experimenter is choosing which time points to take measurements at—1 second intervals, 5 minute intervals, etc. Click to see full answer.

What is the axis of a scatterplot?

A scatterplot can help you see trends between paired data. If you have both a response variable and an explanatory variable, the explanatory variable is always plotted on the x-axis (the horizontal axis). The response variable is always plotted on the y-axis (the vertical axis).

Why is the x axis called the independent axis?

The x-axis is also called the independent axis because its values do not depend on anything. For example, time is always placed on the x-axis since it continues to move forward regardless of anything else.

Why is x the independent variable?

The values of a function are written ( x, y). The value of the x variable determines the value of the y variable; therefore, x is called the independent variable. Conversely, since y depends on the value of x, y is called the dependent variable. For each x value, there is a unique y value.

Why is the Y axis the dependent variable?

In drug trials, the drugs used are always the independent variable (and go on the x-axis) because the experimenter chose which drugs to test. In any data set, the dependent or Y-variable is the one whose value depends on or is affected by the value of the independent variable.

How do you know which variable is independent?

This makes it easy for you to quickly see which variable is independent and which is dependent when looking at a graph or chart. The independent variable always goes on the x-axis, or the horizontal axis. The dependent variable goes on the y-axis, or vertical axis.

Where is the Y axis on a graph?

A coordinate grid has two perpendicular lines, or axes, labeled like number lines. The horizontal axis is called the x-axis. The vertical axis is called the y-axis. The point where the x-axis and y-axis intersect is called the origin.

Is the independent variable the one that changes?

The things that are changing in an experiment are called variables. A variable is any factor, trait, or condition that can exist in differing amounts or types. The independent variable is the one that is changed by the scientist.

Which is dependent variable?

A dependent variable is what you measure in the experiment and what is affected during the experiment. It is called dependent because it “depends” on the independent variable. In a scientific experiment, you cannot have a dependent variable without an independent variable.

Does the dependent variable change?

The dependent variable is the variable that changes in response to the independent variable. The two variables may be related by cause and effect. If the independent variable changes, then the dependent variable is affected.

What is the axis of the dependent and independent variables?

However, most people agree that using conventions makes things easier for everyone. The x-axis is used as the independent variable axis for the same reason people decided that - means subtraction or + means addition.#N#However, you will find instances where you treat x as the dependent variable in your later studies (you will see this frequently in Calculus). Do not let it confuse you, however. Remember that the choice of axes is completely irrelevant as long as we are clear and consistent in our choice.

Is a covariate an independent variable?

A covariate can be an independent variable (i.e. of direct interest) or it can be an unwanted, confounding variable. Adding a covariate to a model can increase the accuracy of your results.Jul 21, 2015. Covariate Definition in Statistics - Statistics How To. Covariate Definition in Statistics.

What is a covariate in statistics?

Covariate Definition in Statistics - Statistics How To. Covariate Definition in Statistics. So all of your independent variables in the analysis are called covariate variables, and also, other variables that you might have measured, but didn’t, are also covariate variables.

Can you control the acidity of aquarium water?

In observational studies, which are common in medicine and social sciences, you can’t control any variables.

What is the x variable used for?

The x variable is used in algebra as well as in calculus and higher math. Any math that has unknowns will usually involve the x variable. Using it requires following certain steps that remain the same no matter what level of math you are in. Step one is that of locating the x variable that you want to solve for.

Can you find the area between two squares?

Yes, you will set the x variable equal to the area between the two squares. Step two is to write down a formula or equation you can use to solve the problem. In our problem with the two squares, think of a way to calculate the area between the two squares. Difference is usually solved by subtraction.

What is the difference between dependent and independent variables?

When graphing data, the dependent variable goes on the Y-axis while the independent variable goes on the X-axis. This allows consistent graph creation and easy data interpretation in the context of a scientific paper, poster or presentation. In scientific research, a dependent variable is manipulated by the researcher to produce controlled ...

What is dependent variable in science?

In scientific research, a dependent variable is manipulated by the researcher to produce controlled conditions necessary for examining the research question. The independent variable is the measurable result of the experimental condition and is not manipulated by the researcher.

Why do we have price on the vertical axis?

We have price on the vertical axis because that's how Alfred Marshall ( 1890) drew his graphs in Principles of Economics. For better or worse, Principles was hugely influential. And so the present-day convention is Marshall's convention. As Humphrey ( 1992) writes:

Which axis is the independent variable on?

In most of science, it is typical to have the independent variable on the horizontal axis and the dependent variable on the vertical axis. But in economics, this is often (traditionally?) flipped around.

When did Marshall start the demand curve?

Short answer: Marshall first introduced a demand curve in 1879 . There, he thought of quantity as the independent variable, with prices adjusting to clear the market. It was thus perfectly logical for him to have quantity on the horizontal axis. Long answer.

Who popularized the graphic analysis of the competitive market?

Graphical analysis in economics, however, was popularized by Alfred Marshall, in whose theory price was the dependent variable.

Why is the price on the x axis?

The price isn't the independent variable because its on the x axis. The price is on the x axis because its the independent variable. As far as (basic) supply and demand go, the price is going to be set by demand. Note, in my explanations I always said demand to keep it clean.

Which axis is the price on?

To your three points. When drawing supply and demand, price (which one might more naturally think of as being the independent variable) is on the vertical axis and quantity on the horizontal axis. For elastic demand you are sometimes able to dictate the demand by the price. Normally though, the demand dictates the price.

Which theory do economists use to draw a diagram?

Economists continue to use Walras' theory and Marshall's graphical representation and thus draw the diagram with the independent and dependent variables reversed - to the everlasting confusion of readers trained in other disciplines.

image
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
8.3.21PHP Version1.98sRequest Duration2MBMemory UsageGET {post}Route
  • warninglog[03:59:53] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\QueryFormatter:...
  • warninglog[03:59:53] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\QueryFormatter:...
  • warninglog[03:59:53] LOG.warning: Callables of the form ["Swift_SmtpTransport", "Swift_Transport_EsmtpTranspor...
  • warninglog[03:59:53] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\SimpleFormatter...
  • warninglog[03:59:53] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\SimpleFormatter...
  • warninglog[03:59:53] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[03:59:53] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[03:59:53] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[03:59:53] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[03:59:53] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[03:59:53] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • Booting (12.93ms)
  • Application (1.97s)
  • 1 x Application (99.33%)
    1.97s
    1 x Booting (0.65%)
    12.93ms
    7 templates were rendered
    • themes.DevBlog.content.post (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/content/post.blade.php)34blade
      Params
      0
      post
      1
      postContent
      2
      author
      3
      updated_at
      4
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      5
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      6
      bing_related_keywords
      7
      google_related_keywords
      8
      bing_news_title
      9
      bing_news_description
      10
      bing_videos
      11
      bing_images
      12
      bing_search_result_title
      13
      bing_search_result_description
      14
      bing_search_result_url
      15
      bing_paa_questions
      16
      bing_paa_answers
      17
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      18
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      19
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      20
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      21
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      22
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      23
      google_faq_questions
      24
      google_faq_answers
      25
      google_rich_snippet
      26
      google_search_result
      27
      indexedArray
      28
      total_images
      29
      total_videos
      30
      settings
      31
      url_current
      32
      menus
      33
      sidebar
    • themes.DevBlog.layouts.master (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/layouts/master.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.head (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/head.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.header (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/header.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.navbar (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/navbar.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.footer (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/footer.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.scripts (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/scripts.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    uri
    GET {post}
    middleware
    web, checkdate
    as
    post.show
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\Frontend\json_data\PostController@show
    namespace
    where
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/Frontend/json_data/PostController.php:18-166
    7 statements were executed1.95s
    • select * from `posts` where `published_at` <= '2025-06-20 03:59:53' and `slug` = 'why-does-the-independent-variable-go-on-the-x-axis' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      3.04ms/app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php:54receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 2025-06-20 03:59:53
      • 1. why-does-the-independent-variable-go-on-the-x-axis
      Backtrace
      • 15. /app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php:54
      • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php:842
      • 19. Route binding:39
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
      • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:78
    • select * from `json_post_contents` where `json_post_contents`.`post_id` = 3943 and `json_post_contents`.`post_id` is not null and `rewrite_id` = 0
      12.62msmiddleware::checkdate:30receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 3943
      • 1. 0
      Backtrace
      • 19. middleware::checkdate:30
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
      • 21. /vendor/laravel/jetstream/src/Http/Middleware/ShareInertiaData.php:61
      • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
    • select * from `nova_menu_menus` where `slug` = 'header' limit 1
      500μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:32receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. header
      Backtrace
      • 15. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:32
      • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • select * from `nova_menu_menu_items` where `nova_menu_menu_items`.`menu_id` = 1 and `nova_menu_menu_items`.`menu_id` is not null and `parent_id` is null order by `parent_id` asc, `order` asc, `name` asc
      300μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 1
      Backtrace
      • 19. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
      • 20. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
      • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
    • select * from `nova_menu_menu_items` where `nova_menu_menu_items`.`parent_id` in (1) order by `order` asc
      230μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Backtrace
      • 24. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
      • 25. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
      • 27. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 28. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • 29. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
    • select `id`, `post_title`, `slug` from `posts` where `status` = 'publish' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 10
      1.93s/app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:22receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. publish
      Backtrace
      • 14. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:22
      • 15. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:12
      • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
      • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:162
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
    • select * from `fake_users` where `fake_users`.`id` = 24021 limit 1
      1.07msview::2dd102cf0462e89a4d4d8bc77355d767652bf9aa:15receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 24021
      Backtrace
      • 21. view::2dd102cf0462e89a4d4d8bc77355d767652bf9aa:15
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
      • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 25. /vendor/livewire/livewire/src/ComponentConcerns/RendersLivewireComponents.php:69
      • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
    App\Models\FakeUser
    1
    Outl1ne\MenuBuilder\Models\MenuItem
    1
    Outl1ne\MenuBuilder\Models\Menu
    1
    App\Models\JsonPostContent
    1
    App\Models\Post
    11
        _token
        pFT5eTOGHvWybdyI9uWcHimpxTW2kMzRZUwQkH6a
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://receivinghelpdesk.com/ask/why-does-the-independent-variable-go-on-the-...
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /why-does-the-independent-variable-go-on-the-x-axis
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:25 [ "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImdGTTNiVEFDYkVWYUpzK1hiMktlMXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUHpJQlkvSzhUTEtHM3ZBTVBCK3BZWituNXVMWU4zMkdBMUdmZTdSeGQyNjdZcDJ0dU9YTHJVdXBGTW52U25UTWVuRVE5aGViTnBUazhGWkFmak1RdGxQTmNPN0RjZDcyWjZ5dWMzZ2VzcXVJcW5IUUYzeTU5NHlQYkJGSlYyTFYiLCJtYWMiOiIxNDRlMGE4OGNlMzc4NTI5ZTc5YTllMjAwOGZlZDY2MWI1NTQ2MGFmNTY2NTJjZDNmNTQ5MjBhMzIwYmZiNGY1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6IkNWL0hoV3VHWGM5dEhlRDRPU2grT0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQWtLcVJhclNiRVIzMnZoaU85L1F6VUd4MHRjVTRnT3ZkREZER2I4c1pxVUw1R0xaSmlaN3ZMNDUzbTd4dlM3UjY5R0xTRmhXT2p3R0dXMm9PM1B6eHhRMG5QbUJGNHVROGNrU0NDWGhSZGJXSnFBdE8xbGpHdytnbTNJZ04vcnoiLCJtYWMiOiI3Mzk3NGUyZGNjZDZmNDEyNjU4ZjQ1NTEyMWM0MWI0ZDk1Yjc4ZGJjMzQ3ZWUzYzNmODkzYWYwNTUxYTdlZTlkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; _pk_id.64.7c30=5012e4de097e81e3.1750372191.; _pk_ses.64.7c30=1XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImdGTTNiVEFDYkVWYUpzK1hiMktlMXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUHpJQlkvSzhUTEtHM3ZBTVBCK3BZWituNXVMWU4zMkdBMUdmZTdSeGQyNjdZcDJ0dU9YTHJVdXBGTW52U25UTWVuRVE5a" ] "cf-ipcountry" => array:1 [ 0 => "US" ] "cf-connecting-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "216.73.216.169" ] "cdn-loop" => array:1 [ 0 => "cloudflare; loops=1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Chromium";v="130", "HeadlessChrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, br" ] "cf-ray" => array:1 [ 0 => "952677bfadd8c543-ORD" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "cf-visitor" => array:1 [ 0 => "{"scheme":"https"}" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "close" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "216.73.216.169, 172.70.179.193" ] "x-server-addr" => array:1 [ 0 => "154.12.239.204" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "receivinghelpdesk.com" ] ]
        request_server
        0 of 0
        array:56 [ "USER" => "runcloud" "HOME" => "/home/runcloud" "SCRIPT_NAME" => "/ask/index.php" "REQUEST_URI" => "/ask/why-does-the-independent-variable-go-on-the-x-axis" "QUERY_STRING" => "" "REQUEST_METHOD" => "GET" "SERVER_PROTOCOL" => "HTTP/1.0" "GATEWAY_INTERFACE" => "CGI/1.1" "REDIRECT_URL" => "/ask/why-does-the-independent-variable-go-on-the-x-axis" "REMOTE_PORT" => "59488" "SCRIPT_FILENAME" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/ask/index.php" "SERVER_ADMIN" => "you@example.com" "CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/" "CONTEXT_PREFIX" => "" "REQUEST_SCHEME" => "http" "DOCUMENT_ROOT" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/" "REMOTE_ADDR" => "172.70.179.193" "SERVER_PORT" => "80" "SERVER_ADDR" => "127.0.0.1" "SERVER_NAME" => "receivinghelpdesk.com" "SERVER_SOFTWARE" => "Apache/2.4.63 (Unix) OpenSSL/1.1.1f" "SERVER_SIGNATURE" => "" "LD_LIBRARY_PATH" => "/RunCloud/Packages/apache2-rc/lib" "PATH" => "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" "HTTP_COOKIE" => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImdGTTNiVEFDYkVWYUpzK1hiMktlMXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUHpJQlkvSzhUTEtHM3ZBTVBCK3BZWituNXVMWU4zMkdBMUdmZTdSeGQyNjdZcDJ0dU9YTHJVdXBGTW52U25UTWVuRVE5aGViTnBUazhGWkFmak1RdGxQTmNPN0RjZDcyWjZ5dWMzZ2VzcXVJcW5IUUYzeTU5NHlQYkJGSlYyTFYiLCJtYWMiOiIxNDRlMGE4OGNlMzc4NTI5ZTc5YTllMjAwOGZlZDY2MWI1NTQ2MGFmNTY2NTJjZDNmNTQ5MjBhMzIwYmZiNGY1IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6IkNWL0hoV3VHWGM5dEhlRDRPU2grT0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiQWtLcVJhclNiRVIzMnZoaU85L1F6VUd4MHRjVTRnT3ZkREZER2I4c1pxVUw1R0xaSmlaN3ZMNDUzbTd4dlM3UjY5R0xTRmhXT2p3R0dXMm9PM1B6eHhRMG5QbUJGNHVROGNrU0NDWGhSZGJXSnFBdE8xbGpHdytnbTNJZ04vcnoiLCJtYWMiOiI3Mzk3NGUyZGNjZDZmNDEyNjU4ZjQ1NTEyMWM0MWI0ZDk1Yjc4ZGJjMzQ3ZWUzYzNmODkzYWYwNTUxYTdlZTlkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; _pk_id.64.7c30=5012e4de097e81e3.1750372191.; _pk_ses.64.7c30=1XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImdGTTNiVEFDYkVWYUpzK1hiMktlMXc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUHpJQlkvSzhUTEtHM3ZBTVBCK3BZWituNXVMWU4zMkdBMUdmZTdSeGQyNjdZcDJ0dU9YTHJVdXBGTW52U25UTWVuRVE5a" "HTTP_CF_IPCOUNTRY" => "US" "HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP" => "216.73.216.169" "HTTP_CDN_LOOP" => "cloudflare; loops=1" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_MODE" => "navigate" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_SITE" => "none" "HTTP_ACCEPT" => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" "HTTP_USER_AGENT" => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" "HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS" => "1" "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_PLATFORM" => ""Windows"" "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_MOBILE" => "?0" "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA" => ""Chromium";v="130", "HeadlessChrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99"" "HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL" => "no-cache" "HTTP_PRAGMA" => "no-cache" "HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING" => "gzip, br" "HTTP_CF_RAY" => "952677bfadd8c543-ORD" "HTTP_PRIORITY" => "u=0, i" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_DEST" => "document" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_USER" => "?1" "HTTP_CF_VISITOR" => "{"scheme":"https"}" "HTTP_CONNECTION" => "close" "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO" => "https" "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR" => "216.73.216.169, 172.70.179.193" "HTTP_X_SERVER_ADDR" => "154.12.239.204" "HTTP_HOST" => "receivinghelpdesk.com" "HTTPS" => "on" "REDIRECT_STATUS" => "200" "REDIRECT_HTTPS" => "on" "FCGI_ROLE" => "RESPONDER" "PHP_SELF" => "/ask/index.php" "REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT" => 1750372193.2445 "REQUEST_TIME" => 1750372193 ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:4 [ "XSRF-TOKEN" => "pFT5eTOGHvWybdyI9uWcHimpxTW2kMzRZUwQkH6a" "askhelpdesk_session" => "Vss7QumrFmoQVwjnyN640zw7g9qh1K7mNYUUqpDL" "_pk_id_64_7c30" => null "_pk_ses_64_7c30" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:7 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "private, must-revalidate" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Thu, 19 Jun 2025 22:29:53 GMT" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "expires" => array:1 [ 0 => -1 ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkxsdDJoNFFaVmlSUU1jZ04raDNIdFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibnh4SEpCNDg4Sm9uaFppZ3ZiTWJ1dlRFcUZDWlVoOUh5ZzdXeWw5ZlNIamF0eUt0dVBEMVM4VTVEZkFyN1oyN0xUL0RVeE9ZWXRkOUR1UUNUM2NmaWt1c0ZVQmRxdG1vdUhwRmFIT0FjS01SOUVPSlpVdmhRc3NlMkdsU2hXN2ciLCJtYWMiOiJhZjQ4ZTM3NGJkMmIwODkwMzg5MDNjNTgzNzdlMDgwY2E4OTdlMmM0MjBjNGQ5NTkzZThhNmQ4MDc1NzQwZGVhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 20-Jun-2025 00:29:55 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkxsdDJoNFFaVmlSUU1jZ04raDNIdFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibnh4SEpCNDg4Sm9uaFppZ3ZiTWJ1dlRFcUZDWlVoOUh5ZzdXeWw5ZlNIamF0eUt0dVBEMVM4VTVEZkFyN1oyN0xUL0RVe" 1 => "askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6IkZJemZucFNRR2dOSDJHaGhSZ0JGeUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSXlmNSthWlBROWQvNE9XNC91UnRCT1grMXBPcEtHVFZIR3RjNmJTckdMc3RHWmdxdmdFRlE0OFRnR1VrakJxamdjdExsOCtVSGRvakZFQytCQk1BNzRFYmV6K1ExY3ZTNnJMelBubUJXc0cwZVdDWUtObGV6S1hIeFRIOXdmT2siLCJtYWMiOiIzNjU4NDk5ODYyYmFkYWI3Zjc4ZmJlYjFiM2ExNTg2MjE4NWU1NWVkY2NiNjUzZjE3MDI5NGMyMTk1YTFhNTZhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 20-Jun-2025 00:29:55 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; httponly; samesite=laxaskhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6IkZJemZucFNRR2dOSDJHaGhSZ0JGeUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSXlmNSthWlBROWQvNE9XNC91UnRCT1grMXBPcEtHVFZIR3RjNmJTckdMc3RHWmdxdmdFRlE0OFRnR1VrakJx" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkxsdDJoNFFaVmlSUU1jZ04raDNIdFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibnh4SEpCNDg4Sm9uaFppZ3ZiTWJ1dlRFcUZDWlVoOUh5ZzdXeWw5ZlNIamF0eUt0dVBEMVM4VTVEZkFyN1oyN0xUL0RVeE9ZWXRkOUR1UUNUM2NmaWt1c0ZVQmRxdG1vdUhwRmFIT0FjS01SOUVPSlpVdmhRc3NlMkdsU2hXN2ciLCJtYWMiOiJhZjQ4ZTM3NGJkMmIwODkwMzg5MDNjNTgzNzdlMDgwY2E4OTdlMmM0MjBjNGQ5NTkzZThhNmQ4MDc1NzQwZGVhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 20-Jun-2025 00:29:55 GMT; path=/XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IkxsdDJoNFFaVmlSUU1jZ04raDNIdFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoibnh4SEpCNDg4Sm9uaFppZ3ZiTWJ1dlRFcUZDWlVoOUh5ZzdXeWw5ZlNIamF0eUt0dVBEMVM4VTVEZkFyN1oyN0xUL0RVe" 1 => "askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6IkZJemZucFNRR2dOSDJHaGhSZ0JGeUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSXlmNSthWlBROWQvNE9XNC91UnRCT1grMXBPcEtHVFZIR3RjNmJTckdMc3RHWmdxdmdFRlE0OFRnR1VrakJxamdjdExsOCtVSGRvakZFQytCQk1BNzRFYmV6K1ExY3ZTNnJMelBubUJXc0cwZVdDWUtObGV6S1hIeFRIOXdmT2siLCJtYWMiOiIzNjU4NDk5ODYyYmFkYWI3Zjc4ZmJlYjFiM2ExNTg2MjE4NWU1NWVkY2NiNjUzZjE3MDI5NGMyMTk1YTFhNTZhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 20-Jun-2025 00:29:55 GMT; path=/; httponlyaskhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6IkZJemZucFNRR2dOSDJHaGhSZ0JGeUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSXlmNSthWlBROWQvNE9XNC91UnRCT1grMXBPcEtHVFZIR3RjNmJTckdMc3RHWmdxdmdFRlE0OFRnR1VrakJx" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:4 [ "_token" => "pFT5eTOGHvWybdyI9uWcHimpxTW2kMzRZUwQkH6a" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://receivinghelpdesk.com/ask/why-does-the-independent-variable-go-on-the-x-axis" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]