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why does reactivity decrease across a period

by Lenore Beatty Published 3 years ago Updated 2 years ago

Why does reactivity decrease across a period? Period – reactivity decreases as you go from left to right across a period. The farther to the left and down the periodic chart you go, the easier it is for electrons to be given or taken away, resulting in higher reactivity.

Thus, as we move along a period the tendency to lose electron decreases for the metals and tendency to gain electron increases for the non-metals. Consequently, the reactivity first decreases then increases.

Full Answer

What is the reactivity trend on the periodic table?

Reactivity Trend in the Periodic Table . The organization of elements on the periodic table allows for predictions concerning reactivity. Both highly electropositive and highly electronegative elements have a strong tendency to react. These elements are located in the upper right and lower left corners of the periodic table and in certain element groups.

What is the reactivity pattern on the periodic table?

Salient Features

  • The metals at the top of the reactivity series are powerful reducing agents since they are easily oxidized. ...
  • The reducing ability of the metals grows weaker while traversing down the series.
  • The electro positivity of the elements also reduces while moving down the reactivity series of metals.

More items...

What is reactivity on the periodic table?

There are some common observations and some differences:

  • lithium, sodium and potassium are less dense than water so they float on the surface of the water.
  • the metals move about the surface of the water and fizz as hydrogen gas is produced.
  • they will all release heat as they react as the reactions are exothermic and they will eventually disappear.
  • the solution remaining at the end will be colourless.

More items...

What is the periodic trend for reactivity of metals?

corner of the periodic table. Nov 17­2:58 PM Reactivity Trends Metal reactivity increases down a group because as nuclear shielding increases and the nucleus' hold on the valence electron weakens, therefore it is easier to remove valence electrons. Nonmetal reactivity decreases down a group because the nucleus' ability

Why does reactivity of metals decrease across a period?

Period - reactivity decreases as you go from left to right across a period. The farther to the left and down the periodic chart you go, the easier it is for electrons to be given or taken away, resulting in higher reactivity.

Why does reactivity decrease across a group?

As we go down a group the reactivity of non-metals decrease. This is because : The number of valence shells increases. The force with which the nucleus holds the electrons decreases.

Why does reactivity decrease from left to right?

And you go from left to right on the periodic table elements have more electrons in their valence shells they have to get rid off which requires an element to have high energies which results into lower Chemical Reactivity. For Non-Metals, the farther right-up in the table you go, the higher the electronegativity.

Why does reactivity increase as you go across a period?

In NON-METALS reactivity INCREASES as you go ACROSS a Period because the closer you get to fulling your s- and p- orbitals the more motivated you are to do so.

Why does the reactivity of metals increase down the group?

Metal reactivity increases down a group because as nuclear shielding increases and the nucleus' hold on the valence electron weakens, therefore it is easier to remove valence electrons.

What happens to the chemical reactivity of elements on moving across the period?

On moving from left to right in a period of the periodic table, the chemical reactivity of the elements first decreases and then increases.

Why is the left side of the periodic table more reactive?

Also, as you go down the periodic chart, the elements get bigger so the outer electrons get further away from the nucleus. This means that they are even more "friendly" and they really want to react. So in general, the farther down and left you go, the more reactive the element will be.

Why does the reactivity of non-metals increase moving left to right on the periodic table?

The reactivity of non – metals is measured in terms of its tendency to gain electrons to form an ion. The reactivity of non – metals increases from left to right in a period whereas reactivity decreases in a group as we go down the group because the tendency to accept electrons decreases down the group.

When we move from left to right in a period reactivity?

When we move from left to right across a period, the chemical reactivity of elements decreases and then increases. The number of valence electrons increases from 1 to 8 when we move from left to right across a period.

What is the trend for reactivity?

The reactivity of metals increases further left along a period, and further down a group. On the other hand, reactivity in non-metals increase further right down a period, and further up a group. The most highly reactive element to be observed is cesium, as it spontaneously reacts with air and water!

How does reactivity change as you move across a period How is this related to electronic structure?

As you go across, the nuclear charge increases so there is a stronger attraction for electrons therefore it is harder to lose electrons so reactivity decreases.

Does reactivity increase down the group?

Reactivity of elements increases down the group as down the group number of shells increases and thus nuclear pull on the outermost electrons decreases.

Why does reactivity increase as you go down a group?

DOWN a Group: In METALS reactivity INCREASES as you go DOWN a Group because the farther down a Group of metals you go, the easier it is for electrons to be given or taken away, resulting in higher reactivity.

Why does non-metal reactivity increase as you go up a group?

UP a Group: In NON-METALS reactivity INCREASES as you go UP a Group because the higher up and to the right atoms are, the higher the electronegativity, resulting in a more vigorous exchange of electrons.

What is the chemical reactivity of metals?

Chemical Reactivity: METALS. DOWN a Group: In METALS reactivity INCREASES as you go DOWN a Group because the farther down a Group of metals you go, the easier it is for electrons to be given or taken away , resulting in higher reactivity. ACROSS a Period: In METALS reactivity DECREASES as you go ACROSS a Period because though they still want ...

What are the physical properties of the periodic table?

This table shows the periodic table trends of six different physical properties of the elements: atomic radius, electron affinity, electronegativity, ionization energy, and metallic/nonmetallic character.

Why do electron clouds increase reactivity?

They increase in reactivity because moving down a group (i.e. column) of elements increases the number of electron clouds (or orbitals, if you prefer Bohr’s model to conceptualize an atom) an element has, and the more electron clouds you add, the further they are from the nucleus.

How does the ionization energy decrease in a group?

This stronger attraction makes it more difficult to remove electrons. Within a group, the ionization energy decreases as the size of the atom gets larger.

What are the two types of reactivity?

The reactivity can be of two types: 1)Metallic character ( or tendency to lose electrons)-it decreases along a period and increases down a group. Non-metallic character (or tendency to gain electrons)- it increases along a period and decreases down the group…. Hope this may help….

Why does the atomic radius decrease across a period?

Atomic radius decreases across a period because valence electrons are being added to the same energy level at the same time the nucleus is increasing in protons.

What happens when you add to Z?

While as we add to Z (the number of protons in the nucleus), we also add another electron (and charge is therefore kept neutral), the increased nuclear charge acts disproportionately on the valence electrons, and contracts this shell.

What is the net result of nuclear charge?

Nuclear charge dominates whilst adding electrons to the same shell. The net result is atomic contraction across a period.

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