What was the purpose of the Viceroyalty of New Granada?
Viceroyalty of New Granada. Following a failed start (1717–1723), the Viceroyalty of New Granada, with its capital in Santa Fe de Bogotá, was reestablished in 1739 both to convert northern South America into an economic asset for Spain and to strengthen its military posture in the face of imminent war.
When did Bolivar return to New Granada?
Bolívar returned to New Granada only in 1819 after establishing himself as leader of the pro-independence forces in the Venezuelan llanos. From there Bolivar led an army over the Andes and captured New Granada after a quick campaign that ended at the Battle of Boyacá, on 7 August 1819, finally proclaimed independence in 1819.
What did Sebastián de Eslava do in New Granada?
Viceroy Sebastián de Eslava led Cartagena's defenders in repulsing a massive British invasion in 1741, and the viceroyalty endured thereafter. As constituted in 1739, New Granada included the presidencies of Quito and Panama, although the latter's audiencia was suppressed in 1751.
What was the population of New Granada in 1819?
New Granada was estimated to have 4,345,000 inhabitants in 1819. ^ (in Spanish) Diccionario de Historia de Venezuela. Caracas: Fundación Polar, 1997. Fisher, John R., Allan J. Keuthe and Anthony McFarlane, eds. Reform and Insurrection in Bourbon New Granada and Peru.
Which empire was taken over and turned into the Viceroyalty of New Spain?
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New Spain.
| Viceroyalty of New Spain Virreinato de Nueva España | |
|---|---|
| • Conquest of Mexico | 1519–1521 |
| • Kingdom created | 1521 |
| • Venezuela annexed to Kingdom of New Granada | 27 May 1717 |
Who colonized New Granada?
Who created the Viceroyalty of Peru?
Which country was at one time in the Viceroyalty of New Granada?
Where was the Viceroyalty of Peru?
What is the name of the Viceroyalty created in southern South America in 1776?
What is the Viceroyalty system?
What is the capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru?
What is Viceroyalty mean?
: the office, authority, or term of service of a viceroy also : the territory or jurisdiction of a viceroy.
Who was called the George Washington of South America?
Who liberated Bolivia?
When did Colombia separate from Venezuela?
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Historia extensa de Colombia, especially vol. 4, Sergio Elías Ortiz, Nuevo reino de Granada: El virreynato (1970).
Additional Bibliography
McFarlane, Anthony. Colombia before Independence: Economy, Society, and Politics under Bourbon Rule. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Colonial history
Nearly two centuries after the establishment of the New Kingdom of Granada in the 16th century, whose governor was loosely dependent upon the Viceroy of Peru at Lima, and an audiencia at Santa Fé de Bogotá (today capital of the republic of Colombia), the slowness of communications between the two capitals led to the creation of an independent Viceroyalty of New Granada in 1717 (and its reestablishment in 1739 after a short interruption).
Independent history
The territories of the Viceroyalty gained full de facto independence from Spain between 1819 and 1822 after a series of military and political struggles, uniting in a republic now known as Gran Colombia .
Content
Origin
- The first Spanish settlements in the area date back to 1514, specifically in Santa Marta and Cartagena de Indias. From the coast they began to expand inland and, in 1538, Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada founded what is now Bogotá, baptized at the time as Nuestra Señora de la Esperanza and, later, as Santafé de Bogotá. In those early years of conquest, the Crown of Castile maintain…
Causes of The Creation of The Viceroyalty
- The antecedent to the creation of the Viceroyalty of Nueva Granada was the establishment of the Royal Audience of Santa Fe de Bogotá in 1550. At that time, the Audience came under the mandate of the Viceroyalty of Peru and controlled the governments of Popayán, Cartagena and Santa Marta. . It soon became clear that the vast expanse of the territory...
Internal Conflicts
- To this, according to historians, we must add the constant conflicts between the presidents of the Royal Court of Santafé and the archbishopric. The viceregal authority, located in Lima, was too far away to mediate and reassures the situation.
Brief Story
- The Spanish king sent some visitors to check the situation on the spot. These, recommended to Felipe V the creation of an independent Viceroyalty in 1717, although it would not be official until June 13, 1718. The first Viceroy, with whom the Viceroyalty was no longer provisional, arrived on November 25, 1719. The Royal Decree promulgated on April 29, 1717, with which the Viceroyalt…
First Viceroy
- The first Viceroy of New Granada was Jorge de Villalonga. The order that ratified his appointment was received by the then president of the Audiencia, Pedrosa, accompanied by a statement of instructions on how the government should be. The main point was to promote all the regulations approved by Felipe IV for the colonies. However, Viceroy Villalonga was unable to carry out this t…
Dissolution of The Viceroyalty
- To the lack of success of the Viceroy, he was joined by the delicate economic situation in which Spain remained after the war with the Quadruple Alliance in 1724. Finally, the Viceroyalty of New Granada was dissolved and it was once again governed by a presidency. On this occasion, however, the president also incorporated the functions of the governor and the captain general. …
Reinstatement
- It was not until 1739 when the Viceroyalty of New Granada re-established itself. The reasons adduced by the Spanish Crown were matters such as the conversion of the natives, relations with the Church and the defense of ports. To these matters, the improvement of the economic development of the colony was added. In 1740, the Royal Audience of Quito rejoined the Viceroy…
Illustration in New Granada
- One of the most outstanding characteristics of the viceregal governments in New Granada was the great influence of the enlightenment. The Viceroys and the reforms promoted by the Bourbons, carried out enlightened policies aimed at modernizing all the administrative and economic structures of the Viceroyalty. Among the measures taken, the creation of the Bogota …
The Botanical Expedition
- In the cultural and scientific field, one of the most important events was the Botanical Expedition. This was promoted by the viceroy Antonio Caballero y Góngora, in 1783. The priest José Celestino Mutis was placed in front. The Viceroy himself advanced part of the necessary money from his pocket until the Court gave its approval. The main objective was to investigate the Colombian fl…