On February 1, Minister John Stevens recognized Dole's new government on his own authority and proclaimed Hawaii a U.S. protectorate. In 1898, the Spanish-American War broke out, and the strategic use of the naval base at Pearl Harbor during the war convinced Congress to approve formal annexation.
What did John L Stevens say about the Hawaiian Islands?
John L. Stevens proclaims "The best future interests of the United States demand that it shall become an American possession”. An ardent imperialist, John L. Stevens was selected by President Benjamin Harrison to be U.S. Minister to the Hawaiian Islands, which were then independent (though under U.S. influence).
What did John Stevens do?
Apart from his work as a politician and diplomat, he was also a journalist, author, minister and newspaper publisher. He founded the Republican Party in Maine and served as Maine State Senator . John Leavitt Stevens was born in 1820 in the town of Mount Vernon, Kennebec County, Maine, to Capt. John Stevens and Charlotte (Lyford) Stevens.
Who was John Leavitt Stevens?
John Leavitt Stevens was born in 1820 in the town of Mount Vernon, Kennebec County, Maine, to Capt. John Stevens and Charlotte (Lyford) Stevens. He was a lifelong resident of Augusta in the same county, except for his time away at school and his later diplomatic service.
Where was John Stevens born?
John Leavitt Stevens was born in 1820 in the town of Mount Vernon, Kennebec County, Maine, to Capt. John Stevens and Charlotte (Lyford) Stevens.
Who was John Stevens What was his role in the Hawaiian conflict?
John Leavitt Stevens (August 1, 1820 – February 8, 1895) was the United States Minister to the Hawaiian Kingdom in 1893 when he was accused of conspiring to overthrow Queen Liliuokalani in association with the Committee of Safety, led by Lorrin A.
What was John Stevens role in the annexation of Hawaii quizlet?
He was the Chief American Diplomat in Hawaii, there, he arranged for marines from the Warship Boston to help with the revolt. Stevens then recognized the new government, and a delegation was sent to Washington to seek a treaty that would annex Hawaii to the United States of America.
Who played an important role in the annexation of Hawaii?
On June 16, 1897, McKinley and three representatives of the government of the Republic of Hawaii – Lorrin Thurston, Francis Hatch, and William Kinney – signed a treaty of annexation. President McKinley then submitted the treaty to the U.S. Senate for ratification.
Who led the Republic of Hawaii?
Article 23 of the constitution of 1894 specifically named Sanford B. Dole as the republic's first President. He would also be the nation's only President, as it was annexed by the United States in 1898. Upon annexation, Hawaii became a U.S. territory and Dole became its first Governor.
What was the annexation of Hawaii?
Spurred by the nationalism aroused by the Spanish-American War, the United States annexed Hawaii in 1898 at the urging of President William McKinley. Hawaii was made a territory in 1900, and Dole became its first governor.
What was the annexation of Hawaii quizlet?
In 1893 Queen Lili'uokalani, was overthrown by party of businessmen,Soon after, President Benjamin Harrison submitted a treaty to annex the Hawaiian islands to the U.S. Senate for ratification.
Who advocated for the annexation of Hawaii?
One of the major proponents for the acquisition of the Hawaiian islands, and the imperialist philosophy in general, was Theodore Roosevelt, who was Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Navy.
How did Hawaii benefit from annexation?
The United States, on the other hand, secured military advantage, economic enrichment, and the first territory outside of its boundaries. America's annexation of Hawaii extended its territory into the Pacific, resulting in economic integration and leading to its rise as a Pacific power.”
What role did Sanford Dole play in the annexation of Hawaii?
In January 1893 Dole agreed to serve as the leader of the committee, acting for Hawaiian sugar interests and their American allies, that was formed to overthrow Queen Liliuokalani (who had succeeded her brother, Kalakaua, in 1891) and to seek annexation of Hawaii by the United States.
Who discovered Hawaii?
1,500 years ago: Polynesians arrive in Hawaii after navigating the ocean using only the stars to guide them. 1778: Captain James Cook lands at Waimea Bay on the island of Kauai, becoming the first European to make contact with the Hawaiian Islands.
How did Hawaii become a republic?
The insurgents established the Republic of Hawaii, but their ultimate goal was the annexation of the islands to the United States, which occurred in 1898....Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom.DateJanuary 17, 1893LocationHonolulu, Hawaii1 more row
Is the Hawaiian royal family still alive?
The House of Kawānanakoa survives today and is believed to be heirs to the throne by a number of genealogists. Members of the family are sometimes called prince and princess, as a matter of tradition and respect of their status as aliʻi or chiefs of native Hawaiians, being lines of ancient ancestry.
What was Liliuokalani role in the annexation of Hawaii?
As leader of the “Stand Firm” (Oni pa'a) movement, Liliuokalani fought steadfastly against U.S. annexation of Hawaii. Though Cleveland was sympathetic, his successor William McKinley was not, and his government annexed Hawaii in July 1898. Kaiulani, in poor health, died in 1899 at the age of 24.
What was Sanford Dole role in annexation?
In January 1893 Dole agreed to serve as the leader of the committee, acting for Hawaiian sugar interests and their American allies, that was formed to overthrow Queen Liliuokalani (who had succeeded her brother, Kalakaua, in 1891) and to seek annexation of Hawaii by the United States.
What factors led to the annexation of Hawaii in 1898 quizlet?
What factors led to the annexation of Hawaii in 1898? First: Hawaii monarchy overthrown. Second: Republic of Hawaii established. Third: Congress proclaimed Hawaii a territory.
Who ruled Hawaii quizlet?
Terms in this set (25) Queen Liliuokalani (1838-1917) was the last sovereign of the Kamehameha dynasty, which had ruled a unified Hawaiian kingdom since 1810.
Who was John Stevens?
John L. Stevens. John Leavitt Stevens (August 1, 1820 – February 8, 1895) was the United States Minister to the Hawaiian Kingdom in 1893 when he was accused of conspiring to overthrow Queen Liliuokalani in association with the Committee of Safety, led by Lorrin A. Thurston and Sanford B. Dole – the first Americans attempting to overthrow ...
Where was John Stevens born?
John Leavitt Stevens was born in 1820 in the town of Mount Vernon, Kennebec County, Maine, to Capt. John Stevens and Charlotte (Lyford) Stevens. He was a lifelong resident of Augusta in the same county, except for his time away at school and his later diplomatic service. Stevens attended Maine Wesleyan Seminary to prepare for a minister's career in ...
Why did John Stevens retire?
Following his forced retirement in 1893 because of the overthrow of Hawaii, Stevens spent his time lecturing and writing and working in Republican Party circles. He died two years later. During his retirement, Stevens worked to rehabilitate his image following his humiliating firing by the new President. In 1894, the former preacher and newspaper editor published Picturesque Hawaii: A Charming Description of Her Unique History, Strange People, Exquisite Climate, Wondrous Volcanoes, Luxurious Productions, Beautiful Cities, Corrupt Monarchy, Recent Revolution and Provisional Government, a strange volume of part memoir, part travelogue and part political tract meant to provide a rationale for his actions in the Islands.
Who was the man who overthrow Queen of Hawaii?
That night, Stevens and American-Hawaiian businessmen Sanford Dole and Lorrin Thurston met to hatch "an audacious plot to overthrow Hawaii's Queen and bring her country into the United States," writes New York Times reporter Stephen Kinzer in his book Overthrow.
Who were the parents of John Stevens?
Parents. John Stevens. Charlotte Lyford Stevens. John Leavitt Stevens (August 1, 1820 – February 8, 1895) was the United States Minister to the Hawaiian Kingdom in 1893 when he was accused of conspiring to overthrow Queen Liliuokalani in association with the Committee of Safety, led by Lorrin A. Thurston and Sanford B.
Who was the envoy to the United States in 1892?
In March 1892 envoy Stevens wrote to United States Secretary of State James G. Blaine, his old newspaper partner, asking how far he might deviate from standard State Department rules if a native revolutionary movement emerged. "The golden hour is near at hand," Stevens later wrote his old partner and friend Blaine.
Who was Merrill's replacement?
Merrill's replacement, minister John L. Stevens, read those official instructions, and followed them in his controversial actions of 1893. On January 14, 1893, envoy Stevens met with two other men concerned about American territorial interests in the Pacific.
Who was the President of Hawaii in 1894?
The native Hawaiians enjoyed but a brief respite. On July 4, 1894, assuming eventual annexation, Sanford Dole announced the inauguration of the Republic of Hawaii and declared himself president.
Who was the leader of the annexation club in Hawaii?
In 1892, with Stevens’s support, a group of American businessmen in Hawaii formed an Annexation Club and plotted the overthrow of native Queen Liliuokalani... John L. Stevens proclaims "The best future interests of the United States demand that it shall become an American possession”. An ardent imperialist, John L. Stevens was selected by President ...
Who said the best future interests of the United States demand that it shall become an American possession?
John L. Stevens proclaims "The best future interests of the United States demand that it shall become an American possession”. This document has been sold. Contact Us. An ardent imperialist, John L. Stevens was selected by President Benjamin Harrison to be U.S. Minister to the Hawaiian Islands, which were then independent (though under U.S.
Who succeeded President Cleveland?
Afew years later President Cleveland’s term expired and he was succeeded by William McKinley, an imperialist sympathizer, who steered annexation through Congress in 1898. Thus did Hawai become part of the United States. Frame, Display, Preserve.
Overview
John Leavitt Stevens (August 1, 1820 – February 8, 1895) was the United States Minister to the Hawaiian Kingdom in 1893 when he was accused of conspiring to overthrow Queen Liliuokalani in association with the Committee of Safety, led by Lorrin A. Thurston and Sanford B. Dole – the first Americans attempting to overthrow a foreign government under the auspices of a United States govern…
Early life
John Leavitt Stevens was born in 1820 in the town of Mount Vernon, Kennebec County, Maine, to Capt. John Stevens and Charlotte (Lyford) Stevens. He was a lifelong resident of Augusta in the same county, except for his time away at school and his later diplomatic service. Stevens attended Maine Wesleyan Seminary to prepare for a minister's career in the Universalist church, which he served as pastor for a decade, becoming a leader in the anti-slavery movement. (Steve…
Diplomatic career
Stevens joined the United States Department of State and was appointed successively minister to Paraguay, Uruguay, Sweden and Norway, and finally to Hawaii, an appointment pushed by his old partner Blaine, who had risen to United States Secretary of State. When Stevens was named to the Hawaiian post, his title was changed to Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy Extraordinary, indicating his rise within the State Department.
Overthrow and Stevens's response
At the time of the Bayonet Constitution of 1887 Grover Cleveland was president, and his secretary of state Thomas F. Bayard sent written instructions to the American minister George W. Merrill that in the event of another revolution in Hawaii, it was a priority to protect American commerce, lives and property. Bayard specified, "the assistance of the officers of our Government vessels, if …
Forced retirement and later life
Following his forced retirement in 1893 because of the overthrow of Hawaii, Stevens spent his time lecturing and writing and working in Republican Party circles. He died two years later. During his retirement, Stevens worked to rehabilitate his image following his humiliating firing by the new President. In 1894, the former preacher and newspaper editor published Picturesque Hawaii…
External links
• Works by or about John L. Stevens at Internet Archive
• John L. Stevens Is Dead, The New York Times, Feb. 9, 1895
• Letter from S. B. Elkins to John L. Stevens, 1888, Maine Historical Society, Maine Memory Network
Further reading
• Stevens, John; Oleson, W B; Stevens, Nellie M (1900). Riches and marvels of Hawaii : a charming description of her unique history, strange... people, exquisite climate, wondrous volcanoes, lux. Philadelphia, PA: Edgewood Pub. Co. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t82j6km8c. ISBN 9781331264002. OCLC 681901846.
• Stevens, John (1884). History of Gustavus Adolphus. New York, London: G.P. Putnam's Sons. ISBN 9781241446543. OCLC 581221717
• Stevens, John; Oleson, W B; Stevens, Nellie M (1900). Riches and marvels of Hawaii : a charming description of her unique history, strange... people, exquisite climate, wondrous volcanoes, lux. Philadelphia, PA: Edgewood Pub. Co. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t82j6km8c. ISBN 9781331264002. OCLC 681901846.
• Stevens, John (1884). History of Gustavus Adolphus. New York, London: G.P. Putnam's Sons. ISBN 9781241446543. OCLC 581221717.