1.1 The Communication Process
- Transmission Model of Communication. The transmission model of communication describes communication as a linear, one-way process in which a sender intentionally transmits a message to a receiver (Ellis & McClintock, ...
- Interaction Model of Communication. ...
- Transaction Model of Communication. ...
What is the transmission model of communication?
The transmission model of communication describes communication as a one-way, linear process in which a sender encodes a message and transmits it through a channel to a receiver who decodes it. The transmission of the message many be disrupted by environmental or semantic noise. Click to see full answer.
What is the process of communication?
The process of communication refers to the transmission or passage of information or message from the sender through a selected channel to the receiver overcoming barriers that affect its pace. The process of communication is a cyclic one as it begins with the sender and ends with the sender in the form of feedback.
What is the process of sending and receiving a message?
The sender develops an idea to be sent. The sender encodes the message. The sender selects the channel of communication that will be used. The message travels over the channel of communication. The message is received by the receiver. The receiver decodes the message.
How does the message travel over the channel of communication?
The message travels over the channel of communication After the medium is chosen, the message then begins the process of transmission. The exact process of this will depend on the selected medium. In order for the message to be properly sent, the sender should have selected the appropriate medium.
What is the transmission phase of communication?
What is the transmission phase of communication? To begin the transmission phase, the sender decides on the message, which is the information the sender wants to communicate. The sender translates the message into symbols or language, a process called encoding.
Why is communication a transmission?
Communication is the transmission of the message from a sender to a receiver in an understandable manner. The communication process is the guide toward realizing effective communication. It is through the communication process that the sharing of a common meaning between the sender and the receiver takes place.
What is transmission and noise in communication cycle?
Transmission and noise The transmission of the message is the actual process of sending it. This could be done via various verbal and written communication channels; for example email, letters, text, reports, face-to-face, telephone and videoconferencing.
What are the 8 stages of communication process?
There are 8 stages of communication. And some of those stages are the official message, encoding, transmission through choice channel and medium, decoding and understanding after the transmission, the reception, and the respond and feedback after the reception.
What is transmitter in communication model?
A transmitter is an electronic device used in telecommunications to produce radio waves in order to transmit or send data with the aid of an antenna. The transmitter is able to generate a radio frequency alternating current that is then applied to the antenna, which, in turn, radiates this as radio waves.Dec 21, 2016
What is transmission of the message?
The noun transmission comes from the Latin word transmissio, which means “sending over or across, passage.” The transmission of a message is the delivery of the message.
What is transmission model and transactional model?
The transaction model differs from the transmission and interaction models in significant ways, including the conceptualization of communication, the role of sender and receiver, and the role of context (Barnlund, 1970).
WHAT IS barrier in communication?
Communication barriers are something that prevents us from correctly getting and accepting the messages others use to communicate their information, thoughts and ideas. Some of the examples of communication barriers are information overload, choosy perceptions, workplace gossips, semantics, gender differences, etc.Jan 20, 2021
What is the difference between the transmission model and other models?
The roles of sender and receiver in the transaction model of communication differ significantly from the other models. Instead of labeling participants as senders and receivers, the people in a communication encounter are referred to as communicators.
What are the 3 stages of communication?
When communication occurs, it typically happens in one of three ways: verbal, nonverbal and visual.Sep 26, 2016
What are the six levels of communication?
Six levels of communicationSmall talk.Sharing facts.Opinions.Feelings.Needs.Beliefs.Jun 10, 2017
What is the 7 elements of communication?
There are seven critical elements of the communication process: (1) the sender (2) the message (3) encoding (4) the communication channel (5) the receiver (6) decoding and (7) feedback.
What is transmission model?
The transmission model of communication describes communication as a linear , one-way process in which a sender intentionally transmits a message to a receiver (Ellis & McClintock, 1990). This model focuses on the sender and message within a communication encounter. Although the receiver is included in the model, this role is viewed as more of a target or end point rather than part of an ongoing process. We are left to presume that the receiver either successfully receives and understands the message or does not. The scholars who designed this model extended on a linear model proposed by Aristotle centuries before that included a speaker, message, and hearer. They were also influenced by the advent and spread of new communication technologies of the time such as telegraphy and radio, and you can probably see these technical influences within the model (Shannon & Weaver, 1949). Think of how a radio message is sent from a person in the radio studio to you listening in your car. The sender is the radio announcer who encodes a verbal message that is transmitted by a radio tower through electromagnetic waves (the channel) and eventually reaches your (the receiver’s) ears via an antenna and speakers in order to be decoded. The radio announcer doesn’t really know if you receive his or her message or not, but if the equipment is working and the channel is free of static, then there is a good chance that the message was successfully received.
What is the process of sending, receiving, and understanding messages?
The internal cognitive process that allows participants to send, receive, and understand messages is the encoding and decoding process. Encoding is the process of turning thoughts into communication. As we will learn later, the level of conscious thought that goes into encoding messages varies. Decoding is the process of turning communication ...
What is a communication model?
In communication models, the participants are the senders and/or receivers of messages in a communication encounter. The message is the verbal or nonverbal content being conveyed from sender to receiver.
What is the interaction model of communication?
The interaction model of communication describes communication as a process in which participants alternate positions as sender and receiver and generate meaning by sending messages and receiving feedback within physical and psychological contexts (Schramm, 1997). Rather than illustrating communication as a linear, one-way process, the interaction model incorporates feedback, which makes communication a more interactive, two-way process. Feedback includes messages sent in response to other messages. For example, your instructor may respond to a point you raise during class discussion or you may point to the sofa when your roommate asks you where the remote control is. The inclusion of a feedback loop also leads to a more complex understanding of the roles of participants in a communication encounter. Rather than having one sender, one message, and one receiver, this model has two sender-receivers who exchange messages. Each participant alternates roles as sender and receiver in order to keep a communication encounter going. Although this seems like a perceptible and deliberate process, we alternate between the roles of sender and receiver very quickly and often without conscious thought.
How does a communication model simplify the process?
Models of communication simplify the process by providing a visual representation of the various aspects of a communication encounter. Some models explain communication in more detail than others, ...
What is physical context?
Physical context includes the environmental factors in a communication encounter. The size, layout, temperature, and lighting of a space influence our communication. Imagine the different physical contexts in which job interviews take place and how that may affect your communication.
How are encoded messages sent?
Encoded messages are sent through a channel, or a sensory route on which a message travels, to the receiver for de coding. While communication can be sent and received using any sensory route (sight, smell, touch, taste, or sound), most communication occurs through visual (sight) and/or auditory (sound) channels.
What is transmission model?
The Transmission Model of communication (see Figure 1.2 ) describes communication as a linear, one-way process in which a sender intentionally transmits a message to a receiver (Ellis & McClintock, 1990). This model focuses on the sender and the message within a communication encounter. Although the receiver is included in the model, this role is viewed as more of a target or end point rather than part of an ongoing process. In this case, one presumes that the receiver either successfully receives and understands the message or does not. As such, this model is not representative of effective communication for how messages are received.
Does noise interfere with a message?
Even if a speaker sends a clear message, noise may interfere with a message being accurately received and decoded. The Transmission Model of communication accounts for environmental and semantic noise. Environmental noise is any physical noise present in a communication encounter. Other people talking in a crowded hallway could interfere ...
Nursing Example
A client is seeking care for a suspected urinary tract infection. A nurse communicates to a client that they need to provide a urine sample and fully empty their bladder. The nurse speaks quietly in an attempt to maintain confidentiality because the client is sitting near a waiting room full of people.
Activity: Check Your Understanding
In Figure 1.3, click on any features that represent environmental noise.
Attribution Statement
With the exception of the nursing example, content was adapted from (with editorial changes):
TRANSMISSION (LINEAR) MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
The transmission model of communication describes communication as a linear, one-way process in which a sender intentionally transmits a message to a receiver (Ellis & McClintock, 1990). This model focuses on the sender and message within a communication encounter.
INTERACTION MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
The interaction model of communication describes communication as a process in which participants alternate positions as sender and receiver and generate meaning by sending messages and receiving feedback within physical and psychological contexts (Schramm, 1997).
TRANSACTION MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
As the study of communication progressed, models expanded to account for more of the communication process. Many scholars view communication as more than a process that is used to carry on conversations and convey meaning.
REFERENCES
Barnlund, D. C., “A Transactional Model of Communication,” in Foundations of Communication Theory, eds. Kenneth K. Sereno and C. David Mortensen (New York, NY: Harper and Row, 1970), 83–92.
License
Comm 101 (Dutton) by Anonymous is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.
What is the process of communication?
The communication process refers to a series of actions or steps taken in order to successfully communicate. It involves several components such as the sender of the communication, the actual message being sent, the encoding of the message, the receiver and the decoding of the message. There are also various channels of communication ...
How does the communication process work?
The communication process is performed effectively when the sender and receiver have the same meaning for the transmitted message. 7. The receiver provides feedback, if applicable. Lastly, unless it's a one-way communication, the receiver will provide feedback in the form of a reply to the original sender of the message.
What is the receiver of a message?
The receiver decodes the message. The receiver provides feedback, if applicable. 1. The sender develops an idea to be sent. The beginning of the communication process involves the sender creating an idea that they plan to send to another person or group of people.
How many steps are there in the communication process?
Here are the seven steps in the communication process: The sender develops an idea to be sent. The sender encodes the message. The sender selects the channel of communication that will be used. The message travels over the channel of communication. The message is received by the receiver.
What does it mean to translate a letter into words?
This means they transform the thoughts of the information they want to send into a certain format. For example, if you are writing a letter, you'll translate your idea into words. The message can also be nonverbal, oral or symbolic. 3. The sender selects the channel of communication that will be used.
What happens after a medium is chosen?
After the medium is chosen, the message then begins the process of transmission. The exact process of this will depend on the selected medium. In order for the message to be properly sent, the sender should have selected the appropriate medium.
What are some examples of communication?
Examples include a headache and hunger. Lesson Summary. Let's review what we've learned. The communication process is the steps we take in order to successfully communicate. Components of the communication process include a sender, encoding of a message, selecting of a channel of communication, receipt of the message by the receiver and decoding ...
What is the meaning of "noise" in communication?
In communication theory, noise is anything that interferes with the transmission and decoding of a message from its sender to its receiver. Three common types of noise include physical noise, semantic noise and physiological noise. Physical noise is simply sound.
What is the term for anything that hinders communication?
Sometimes, the receiver will send a message back to the original sender, which is called feedback. Noise is anything that hinders communication. Types of noise include physical, semantic and physiological noise. Learning Outcomes.
How does a sender encode information?
Let's put all these components together to build a model of the communication process: A sender encodes information. The sender selects a channel of communication by which to send the message. The receiver receives the message. The receiver decodes the message. The receiver may provide feedback to the sender.
What Is Communication Process?
- Definition: The communication process is defined as a way of communicating a message, idea, or information from the sender by overcoming several barriers via channels through which the message is sent to the receiver. The communication process is a dynamic method where the sender first conceptualizes a message and sends it to a receiver over a medi...
How Communication Process Works?
- For channelizing communication processes, below given steps are followed to convey the intended meaning in the most accurate and result-driven manner from sender to recipient- 1. The sender would first develop an idea to be sent 2. The sender will then encode the message 3. The sender will then choose the channel of communication 4. The message would then travel throug…
Importance of Communication Processes
- Organizations need to maintain an effective communication process due to a number of important reasons such as-
Types of Communication Processes
- There are several types of communication processes in existence that are helpful for any organization.
Measures For An Effective Communication Process
- While there can be several barriers in an effective communication process, these can be sorted out with the help of the right measures. 1. Any communication should be crisp and should have a clear encoding, so the receiver decodes the message in the right way. 2. The feedback provided by the receiver of the message should be in accordance with the message communicated only t…