What is the genus name of coffee?
20/06/2020 · Coffea. Click to see full answer. Keeping this in view, what is scientific name of coffee? Coffea. Additionally, is coffee a botanical? Coffee, Botany of. Coffee is made from the bean of the coffee plant, Coffea arabica or Coffea canephora, in the Rubiaceae family.
How did coffee get its name?
25/11/2019 · Preferred Scientific Name; Coffea arabica Preferred Common Name; arabica coffee Taxonomic Tree; Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Spermatophyta Subphylum: Angiospermae Class: Dicotyledonae; Uses List; Beverage base; Fodder/animal feed; Honey/honey flora; Miscellaneous fuels
What is another name for Arabica coffee?
Coffea Arabica — C. Arabica. Varieties: Bourbon, Typica, Caturra, Mundo Novo, Tico, San Ramon, Jamaican Blue Mountain. Coffea Arabica is descended from the original coffee trees discovered in Ethiopia. These trees produce a fine, mild, aromatic coffee and represent approximately 70% of the world's coffee production.
What are coffea beans?
Scientific names: Common names: Coffea arabica Linn. Cafe (Span.) Coffea bourbonica Pharm. ex Wehmer [Invalid] Kahana (Sul.) Coffea corymbulosa Bertol. Kape (Tag.) Coffea laurifolia Salisb. Kapi (Ilk., If., Tag.) Coffea moka Heynh. ... • Coffee Berry Pulp / Antibacterial: Study evaluated the antibacterial potential present in Hawaiian Arabica coffee berry pulp. Results showed …
What is the color of coffee?
Color. Black, dark brown, light brown, beige. Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain Coffea species. All fruit must be further processed from a raw material—the fruit and seed—into a stable, raw product; un-roasted, green coffee.
How is green coffee processed?
To process the berries, the seed is separated from the fruit to produce green coffee. Green coffee is then roasted , a process which transforms the raw product (green coffee) into a consumable product (roasted coffee). Roasted coffee is ground into a powder and mixed with water to produce a cup of coffee.
Where did coffee originate?
According to one legend, ancestors of today's Oromo people in a region of Kaffa in Ethiopia were the first to recognize the energizing effect of the coffee plant. However, no direct evidence that has been found earlier than the 15th century indicating who among the African populations used it as a stimulant, or where coffee was first cultivated. The story of Kaldi, the 9th-century Ethiopian goatherd who discovered coffee when he noticed how excited his goats became after eating the beans from a coffee plant, did not appear in writing until 1671 and is probably apocryphal.
Is coffee acidic or dark?
Coffee is darkly colored, bitter, slightly acidic and has a stimulating effect in humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It is one of the most popular drinks in the world, and can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee ).
What is a coffee shop?
It may be served with coffee cake or another sweet dessert like doughnuts. A commercial establishment that sells prepared coffee beverages is known as a coffee shop (not to be confused with Dutch coffeeshops selling cannabis).
How to grow coffee in Brazil?
A more effective process of growing coffee, used in Brazil, is to raise seedlings in nurseries that are then planted outside at six to twelve months. Coffee is often intercropped with food crops, such as corn, beans, or rice during the first few years of cultivation as farmers become familiar with its requirements. Coffee plants grow within a defined area between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, termed the bean belt or coffee belt.
When was coffee invented?
A 1919 advertisement for G Washington's Coffee. The first instant coffee was invented by inventor George Washington in 1909. In 1583, Leonhard Rauwolf, a German physician, gave this description of coffee after returning from a ten-year trip to the Near East :
What is coffee tree?
What is Coffee? cof·fee /ˈkôfē,ˈkäfē/ noun The berries harvested from species of Coffea plants. Everyone recognizes a roasted coffee bean, but you might not recognize an actual coffee plant. Coffee trees are pruned short to conserve their energy and aid in harvesting, but can grow to more than 30 feet (9 meters) high.
How long does it take for a cherry to grow?
It takes nearly a year for a cherry to mature after first flowering, and about 5 years of growth to reach full fruit production. While coffee plants can live up to 100 years, they are generally the most productive between the ages of 7 and 20.
Where does coffee come from?
All commercially grown coffee is from a region of the world called the Coffee Belt. The trees grow best in rich soil, with mild temperatures, frequent rain and shaded sun.
Who first described coffee?
The genus was first described in the 18th century by the Swedish botanist, Carolus Linneaus, who also described Coffea Arabica in his Species Plantarum in 1753. Botanists have disagreed ever since on the exact classification, since coffee plants can range widely.
What is the color of coffee?
They can be small shrubs to tall trees, with leaves from one to 16 inches in size, and in colors from purple or yellow to the predominant dark green. In the commercial coffee industry, there are two important coffee species — Arabica and Robusta.
What is the outer skin of coffee cherries?
The beans you brew are actually the processed and roasted seeds from a fruit, which is called a coffee cherry. The coffee cherry's outer skin is called the exocarp. Beneath it is the mesocarp, a thin layer of pulp, followed by a slimy layer called the parenchyma .
What is the name of the seed skin in coffee?
The biological name for this seed skin is the spermoderm, but it is generally referred to in the coffee trade as the silver skin. In about 5% of the world's coffee, there is only one bean inside the cherry. This is called a peaberry (or a caracol, or "snail" in Spanish), and it is a natural mutation.
Why is C. arabica threatening the genetic integrity of wild coffee?
Genetic research has shown coffee cultivation is threatening the genetic integrity of wild coffee because it exposes wild genotypes to cultivars.
What is the species of coffee?
Genus: Coffea. Species: C. arabica. Binomial name. Coffea arabica. L. Coffea arabica ( / əˈræbɪkə / ), also known as the Arabian coffee, "coffee shrub of Arabia ", "mountain coffee" or "arabica coffee", is a species of Coffea. It is believed to be the first species of coffee to be cultivated, and is the dominant cultivar, ...
How long does it take for C. arabica to mature?
Botanical drawing of C. arabica, dating from around 1880. Coffea arabica accounts for 60% of the world's coffee production. C. arabica takes approximately seven years to mature fully, and it does best with 1.0–1.5 metres (39–59 in) of rain, evenly distributed throughout the year.
Where does coffee come from?
canephora) makes up most of the remaining coffee production. Arabica coffee originates from Ethiopia and was first cultivated in Yemen, and documented by the 12th century. Coffea arabica is called بُنّ ( būnn) in Arabic, ...
Who named coffee arabica?
Taxonomy. Coffea arabica was first described scientifically by Antoine de Jussieu, who named it Jasminum arabicum after studying a specimen from the Botanic Gardens of Amsterdam. Linnaeus placed it in its own genus Coffea in 1737. Coffea arabica is the only polyploid species of the genus Coffea, as it carries 4 copies of the 11 chromosomes ...
Is Coffea arabica an allotetraploid?
Specifically, Coffea arabica is itself the result of a hybridization between the diploids Coffea canephora and Coffea eugenioides, thu s making it an allotetraploid, with two copies of two different genomes.
How much caffeine is in C. arabica?
One strain of Coffea arabica naturally contains very little caffeine. While beans of normal C. arabica plants contain 12 mg of caffeine per gram of dry mass, these mutants contain only 0.76 mg of caffeine per gram, but with taste similar to normal coffee.
What is the species of coffee beans?
L. Type species. Coffea arabica. L. Coffea canephora. Coffea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. Coffea species are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia. The seeds of some species, called coffee beans, are used to flavor various beverages and products.
How many species of coffee are there?
There are over 120 species of Coffea, which is grown from seed. The two most popular are Coffea arabica (commonly known simply as "Arabica"), which accounts for 60–80% of the world's coffee production, and Coffea canephora (known as " Robusta "), which accounts for about 20–40%.
Where does coffee come from?
Coffea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. Coffea species are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia. The seeds of some species, called coffee beans, are used to flavor various beverages and products.
Is Coffea charrieriana caffeine free?
Coffea charrieriana, which is caffeine-free, and Coffea anthonyi. By crossing the new species with other known coffees, two new features might be introduced to cultivated coffee plants: beans without caffeine and self-pollination .
How long does it take for coffee to grow?
The tree of Coffea arabica will grow fruits after three to five years, producing for an average of 50 to 60 years, although up to 100 is possible. The white flowers are highly scented.
Where did caffeine originate?
Caffeine has evolved independently in multiple lineages of Coffea in Africa, perhaps in response to high pest predation in the humid environments of West-Central Africa. Caffeine has also evolved independently in the more distantly related genera Theobroma ( cacao) and Camellia ( tea ).
Where are the C. ambongensis?
In 2008 and 2009, researchers from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew named seven from the mountains of northern Madagascar, including C. ambongensis, C. boinensis, C. labatii, C. pterocarpa, C. bissetiae, and C. namorokensis. In 2008, two new species were discovered in Cameroon. Coffea charrieriana, which is caffeine-free, and Coffea anthonyi.
Is coffee a disinfectant?
Roasted coffee considered as disinfectant and deodorant. • Used in the early stages of typhoid fever. • Roasted coffee used for disinfectant and deodorant properties. • Strong infusion of black coffee used as antisoporific in cases of poisoning by opium, alcohol, and other stupefying or narcotic poisons.
Does coffee have cholesterol?
A typical bean of Coffea arabica contains 0.6% cafestol by weight, and is highest in unfiltered coffee drinks. Regular consumption of boiled coffee increases serum cholesterol by 8% in men and 10% in women. In drip brewed coffee, it is present in only negligible amount.
Is coffee leaf tea a phenolic?
The potential health benefits of coffee-leaf tea, and beverages and masticatory products from fleshy parts of coffee fruits, are supported by phenolic quantification. (14) Arabica coffee leaves have been found to have the highest levels of mangiferin, with anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and antidiabetic effects.
Botanical Description of Coffea Arabica
- Coffea Arabica is the botanical name for coffee. It is Coffea Arabica which is supplied all over the world. The Coffea Arabica bean is widespread, delicate, and vulnerable to pests. Coffea Arabica needs a subtropical climateto grow properly. It is a mild, flavorful, and aromatic brew of coffee. The coffee beans of Arabica are different from Robust, which is the main variety of coffee bean…
Processing of Green Coffee
- The process of production of coffee is complex and organised. There are two main processes in the production of coffee, the first step is the processing of green coffee, and the second step is the processing of the bean. Here you will find the various steps involved in the processing of green coffee. 1. Hulling: It is the process when the ripened fruits of the coffee shrubs are picked …
Processing of The Coffee Bean
- Decaffeination: It is the process where their caffeine is removed from the green beans stage. The method of decaffeination is done before roasting the coffee beans. It is a process where the beans...
- Roasting:It is a process where the aromatic and gustatory qualities of the coffee are developed by roasting it at high temperatures. The method of roasting releases steam, carbon dioxide, a…
- Decaffeination: It is the process where their caffeine is removed from the green beans stage. The method of decaffeination is done before roasting the coffee beans. It is a process where the beans...
- Roasting:It is a process where the aromatic and gustatory qualities of the coffee are developed by roasting it at high temperatures. The method of roasting releases steam, carbon dioxide, and other...
- Grinding:The last step is grinding. Many leave the coffee as beans so the consumer can grind them at home. However, grinding is a process where the beans are put through a scored roller to cut them.
Overview
Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, the seeds of berries from certain flowering plants in the Coffea genus. From the coffee fruit, the seeds are separated to produce a stable, raw product: unroasted green coffee. The seeds are then roasted, a process which transforms them into a consumable product: roasted coffee, which is ground into fine particles that are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee.
Etymology
The word coffee entered the English language in 1582 via the Dutch koffie, borrowed from the Ottoman Turkish kahve (قهوه), borrowed in turn from the Arabic qahwah (قَهْوَة). The Arabic word qahwah was traditionally held to refer to a type of wine whose etymology is given by Arab lexicographers as deriving from the verb قَهِيَ qahiya, 'to lack hunger', in reference to the drink's reputation as an appetite suppressant. This Arabic root is also cognate with the Hebrew root k-h …
History
The earliest credible evidence of coffee-drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree appears in the middle of the 15th century in the accounts of Ahmed al-Ghaffar in Yemen. It was here in Arabiathat coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a similar way to how it is prepared now. Coffee was used by Sufi circles to stay awake for their religious rituals. Accounts differ on the origin of the coffee plant prior to its appearance in Yemen. From Ethiopia, coffee could have been introduce…
Biology
Several species of shrub of the genus Coffea produce the berries from which coffee is extracted. The two main species commercially cultivated are Coffea canephora (predominantly a form known as 'robusta') and C. arabica. C. arabica, the most highly regarded species, is native to the southwestern highlands of Ethiopia and the Boma Plateau in southeastern Sudan and Mount Marsabit in northern Kenya. C. canephora is native to western and central Subsaharan Africa, from
Cultivation
The traditional method of planting coffee is to place 20 seeds in each hole at the beginning of the rainy season. This method loses about 50% of the seeds' potential, as about half fail to sprout. A more effective process of growing coffee, used in Brazil, is to raise seedlings in nurseries that are then planted outside at six to twelve months. Coffee is often intercropped with food crops, such as corn, beans, or rice during the first few years of cultivation as farmers become familiar with its re…
Processing
Coffee berries and their seeds undergo several processes before they become the familiar roasted coffee. Berries have been traditionally selectively picked by hand; a labor-intensive method, it involves the selection of only the berries at the peak of ripeness. More commonly, crops are strip picked, where all berries are harvested simultaneously regardless of ripeness by person or machine. After picking, green coffee is processed by one of two types of method—a dr…
Sale and distribution
Brazil is the largest coffee exporting nation, accounting for 15% of all world exports in 2019.
Coffee is bought and sold as green coffee beans by roasters, investors, and price speculators as a tradable commodity in commodity markets and exchange-traded funds. Coffee futures contracts for Grade 3 washed arabicas are traded on the New York Mercantile Exchangeunder ticker symbol KC, with contract deliveries occurring every year in March, May, July, September, and December. Cof…
Health effects
A 2017 review of clinical trials found that drinking coffee is generally safe within usual levels of intake and is more likely to improve health outcomes than to cause harm at doses of 3 or 4 cups of coffee daily. Exceptions include possible increased risk in women having bone fractures, and a possible increased risk in pregnant women of fetal loss or decreased birth weight. Results were complicated by poor study quality, and differences in age, gender, health status, and serving size.
Overview
Coffea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. Coffea species are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia. The seeds of some species, called coffee beans, are used to flavor various beverages and products. The fruits, like the seeds, contain a large amount of caffeine, and have a distinct sweet taste and are often juiced. The plant ranks as one of the world's most valuable and widely traded commodity crops and is an important exportpr…
Cultivation and use
There are over 120 species of Coffea, which is grown from seed. The two most popular are Coffea arabica (commonly known simply as "Arabica"), which accounts for 60–80% of the world's coffee production, and Coffea canephora (known as "Robusta"), which accounts for about 20–40%. C. arabica is preferred for its sweeter taste, while C. canephora has a higher caffeine content. C. arab…
Ecology
The caffeine in coffee beans serves as a toxic substance protecting the seeds of the plant, a form of natural plant defense against herbivory. Caffeine simultaneously attracts pollinators, specifically honeybees, by creating an olfactory memory that signals bees to return to the plant's flowers. Not all Coffea species contain caffeine, and the earliest species had little or no caffeine content. Caffeine has evolved independently in multiple lineages of Coffea in Africa, perhaps in response …
Research
New species of Coffea are still being identified in the 2000s. In 2008 and 2009, researchers from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew named seven from the mountains of northern Madagascar, including C. ambongensis, C. boinensis, C. labatii, C. pterocarpa, C. bissetiae, and C. namorokensis.
In 2008, two new species were discovered in Cameroon. Coffea charrieriana, which is caffeine-fre…
Species
• Coffea abbayesii J.-F.Leroy
• Coffea affinis De Wild.
• Coffea alleizettii Dubard
• Coffea ambanjensis J.-F.Leroy
External links
• World Checklist of Rubiaceae
• Coffee & Conservation