A water trough (British terminology), or track pan (American terminology) is a device to enable a steam locomotive to replenish its water supply while in motion. It consists of a long trough filled with water, lying between the rails.
What does water trough mean?
a long, hollow vessel, generally for holding water or other liquid, especially one formed by excavating a log longitudinally on one side; a long tray; also, a wooden channel for conveying water, as to a mill wheel. Trough noun. any channel, receptacle, or depression, of a long and narrow shape; as, trough between two ridges, etc
How do you spell trough?
through and though are pronounced with one syllable, but thorough has 2 syllables "th ru". It sounds like borough, Scarborough, Boroughbridge. (American pronunciation is with an “oh” sound “th roh”) It's like through with an extra o added after the th th o rough. Come up with memory trick that can help with this word.
What is the definition of trough in waves?
The trough of a wave is the point on the medium that exhibits the maximum amount of negative or downward displacement from the rest position.
What does trough mean?
trough ( trɒf) n 1. a narrow open container, esp one in which food or water for animals is put 2. a narrow channel, gutter, or gulley 3. (Physical Geography) a narrow depression either in the land surface, ocean bed, or between two successive waves 4. (Physical Geography) meteorol an elongated area of low pressure, esp an extension of a depression.
What is called trough?
low point is called the trough. For longitudinal waves, the compressions and rarefactions are analogous to the crests and troughs of transverse waves. The distance between successive crests or troughs is called the wavelength. The height of a wave is the amplitude.
What is an example of a trough?
The definition of a trough is a long and narrow container. An example of a trough is what pigs eat out of. An example of a trough is a long container in which plants grow next to each other.
What is the use of a trough?
a long, narrow, open receptacle, usually boxlike in shape, used chiefly to hold water or food for animals.
How does a water trough work?
As it nears the top of the trough, the lever holds the inlet valve closed, and water will stop entering. As the level drops, the ball valve will move down with the water. The lever then tilts and allows the inlet valve to open, causing the water to flow through until the trough is filled.
What is trough mean in science?
the lowest pointTrough (physics), the lowest point on a wave.
What is trough phase?
A trough is the stage of the economy's business cycle that marks the end of a period of declining business activity and the transition to expansion. The business cycle is the upward and downward movement of gross domestic product and consists of recessions and expansions that end in peaks and troughs.
What is a trough answer?
1. countable noun. A trough is a long narrow container from which farm animals drink or eat. The old stone cattle trough still sits by the main entrance. Synonyms: manger, crib, water trough More Synonyms of trough.
What is water trough laboratory?
A pneumatic trough is a piece of laboratory apparatus used for collecting gases, such as hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Pneumatic troughs require a liquid such as water. Scientists also have used mercury in pneumatic troughs, but usually only for the collection of water-soluble gases.
What is a water trough used for in chemistry?
pneumatic trough in British English noun. chemistry. a shallow dishlike vessel filled with a liquid, usually water, and used in collecting gases by displacement of liquid from a filled jar held with its open end under the surface of the liquid.
How do you make a water trough?
4:176:36DIY Water Trough - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipWe've got a cast iron bathtub. We drilled some holes in the side. While julianne was hooking up theMoreWe've got a cast iron bathtub. We drilled some holes in the side. While julianne was hooking up the system. Here we made sure we cleaned that out and made sure we got all the metal filings.
What is a trough made of?
Quality livestock troughs are made with food-grade polyethylene, no need for a lining that could get damaged.
How big is a water trough?
The smallest size you can get for a cattle trough is usually around 140 gallons. Many cattle farmers choose 500-gallon water troughs in order to provide their animals with constant access to clean water without the need for constant refilling.
What is a water trough?
A water trough ( British terminology), or track pan ( American terminology) is a device to enable a steam locomotive to replenish its water supply while in motion. It consists of a long trough filled with water, lying between the rails. When a steam locomotive passes over the trough, a water scoop can be lowered, ...
What is a steam locomotive water trough?
A water trough ( British terminology), or track pan ( American terminology) is a device to enable a steam locomotive to replenish its water supply while in motion.
What happens when a steam locomotive passes over a trough?
When a steam locomotive passes over the trough, a water scoop can be lowered, and the speed of forward motion forces water into the scoop, up the scoop pipe and into the tanks or locomotive tender .
What would happen if the usual stop on the road to take in water could be avoided?
It was clear that if the usual stop on the road to take in water could be avoided, an important point would be gained; but there were no tenders of sufficient capacity to hold the quantity of water required to enable an engine to run through without stopping.
Where did the Ramsbottom water trough originate?
Origin. Ramsbottom water troughs on a four-line stretch of the West Coast Main Line, England in 1904. Steam locomotives consume a considerable amount of water, and the tender or side tanks need to be replenished at intervals. Traditionally the engine water was replenished during station stops, but if it was desired to run long distances without ...
When were troughs first used?
The first installation was brought into use on 23 June 1860 at Mochdre, Conwy, on the London & North Western Railway 's (LNWR) North Wales Coast Line, midway between Chester and Holyhead. The siting of the troughs requires a long enough length of straight and level track (although very large radius curves could be accommodated).
When did the Great Western Railway install water troughs?
The Great Western Railway (GWR) did so from 1895 , and subsequently all the major railways in Great Britain, with the exception of the lines south of the River Thames, installed the equipment.
Examples of trough in a Sentence
Recent Examples on the Web To the east of that trough, in the Great Basin, high pressure has been blocking the storm track and maintaining unusually warm, dry conditions in California. — Los Angeles Times, 3 Dec. 2021 There was a similar trough in mid-July followed by an identical recovery. — Damon Linker, The Week, 10 Sep. 2021
History and Etymology for trough
Middle English, from Old English trog; akin to Old High German trog trough, Old English trēow tree, wood — more at tree entry 1
What is water trough treatment?
If water trough treatment is used for grass tetany prevention, it is essential that there are no other sources of water available to the cattle. The most common soluble salts used for water treatment are the chloride and sulphate salts. The water can be treated by two methods – dispensers and pumps.
How wide should a water trough be?
To prevent contamination of the water trough with manure, the trough should preferably have a 300–400-mm-wide step along the front. Young stock in a loose housing system requires one water trough for every 50–60 animals. A 0.6 m height is satisfactory.
How does the size of a water trough affect cows?
Water Troughs. The size of a water trough depends on whether the herd is taken for watering periodically or is given water on a continuous basis. If water is limited, the length of the trough should be such that all the cows can drink at the same time.
How many cows can fit in a trough?
A trough space of between 0.6 and 0.7 m should be allowed for each cow. For free choice, the trough should be sized for two to three cows at a time. One trough should be provided for every 50 animals. A float valve installed on the water supply pipe controls the level automatically.
Overview
A water trough (British terminology), or track pan (American terminology) is a device to enable a steam locomotive to replenish its water supply while in motion. It consists of a long trough filled with water, lying between the rails. When a steam locomotive passes over the trough, a water scoop can be lowered, and the speed of forward motion forces water into the scoop, up the …
Origin
Steam locomotives consume a considerable amount of water, and the tender or side tanks need to be replenished at intervals. Traditionally the engine water was replenished during station stops, but if it was desired to run long distances without stopping, the requirement to take water was a significant limitation. The Railway Magazine reported a development by John Ramsbottom:
Locomotive equipment
A scoop was fitted to the underside of the locomotive's tender (or the locomotive itself in the case of tank locomotives) in such a way that it could be raised or lowered, by a hand-operated screw or a power mechanism. The scoop fed into a vertical pipe that discharged into the water tank. The scoop was purposely made of light construction so that, should it strike an obstruction, it …
Operational considerations
The LNWR quickly installed water troughs at other locations, but other companies were slow to adopt the new apparatus. The Great Western Railway (GWR) did so from 1895, and subsequently all the major railways in Great Britain, with the exception of the lines south of the River Thames, installed the equipment.
Taking water at speed results in considerable spray behind the scoop; this risks drenching pass…
Use by diesel locomotives
Diesel locomotives were introduced in the United Kingdom by British Railways in the 1950s, working alongside steam traction until 1968. Passenger vehicles were heated by steam from the locomotive boiler at that time, and the early diesel locomotives were provided with auxiliary boilers to provide the steam. Locomotives intended for long non-stop runs (such as the Class 40 and Class 55) were fitted with water scoops to allow them to replenish the steam generator's water supply …
Locations
A map showing the location of GWR troughs in the 1930s is reproduced in the book 'The Great Western Railway'. They are typically at spacings of 40 to 50 miles (64 to 80 km), but with some wide variations. There are a few instances of trough locations very close to major stopping points; for example Fox's Wood, near St Annes Park, two miles from Bristol Temple Meads; however this was installed when trains to South Wales travelled via Bath and Filton, using these troughs; after t…
Continuous water trough supply
The Railway Magazine writer, quoted above, contemplated nearly-continuous water troughs, avoiding the transport of large quantities of water in the train:
The question has been discussed as to whether it would be possible to have a continuous supply of water all along the lines, and so obviate the necessity for tenders. Some years ago a writer in the "Engineer" put it in this way; One ton of coal will last a heavy goods train 40 miles [64 km], an…
Alternative techniques
Railway companies were well aware of the cost of installing and maintaining this equipment, and the provision of tenders with a large water capacity was an alternative employed in some cases. The London and South Western Railway in England used large 8-wheel tenders nicknamed "water carts".