What is the flash point of JP-4?
JP-4 is a mixture of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. It is a flammable transparent liquid with clear or straw color, with a kerosene-like smell. It evaporates easily. Its freeze point is at -77 °F (-60 °C) and its flash point temperature is 0 °F (-18 °C).
What is the difference between JP-4 and JP-5?
JP4 and JP5 are jet engine fuels. JP4 is 65 percent kerosene and 35 percent gasoline, while JP5 is kerosene. AVGAS is used to power piston engines, while jet fuel is used to to power jet engines.
How hot does JP-8 burn?
Jet fuelIdentifiersNFPA 704 (fire diamond)2 2 0Flash point38 °C (100 °F; 311 K)Autoignition temperature210 °C (410 °F; 483 K)Safety data sheet (SDS)[1] [2]12 more rows
Is JP-5 the same as Jet A?
JP-5 (jet propellant-5) and JP-8 (jet propellant-8) are kerosene-based fuels used in military aircraft. Jet A is the type of fuel used in civilian aircraft. Jet A is also used in some military aircraft. JP-5, JP-8, and Jet A fuels are colorless liquids that are flammable and smell like kerosene.
Is JP-5 a diesel fuel?
The hydrocarbons in jet and diesel fuels are less volatile than those in gasoline. JP-5 is a high-flash-point jet fuel developed by the Navy. JP-5 is a specifically refined type of kerosene consisting of C9-C16 paraffins (53%), cycloparaffins (31%), aromatics (16%), and olefins (0.5%).
Is JP-5 toxic?
Health effects of JP-5, JP-8, or Jet A fuels observed in these studies include damage to the liver, decreased immune response, impaired performance on neurological function tests, and impaired hearing. Dermatitis and damage to the skin have also been observed in laboratory animals following dermal contact.
What is the hottest burning fuel?
Fuel Gas & Melting TemperaturesFuel GasMax TemperatureAcetylene3300°FPropane2800°FHydrogen2650°FMAPP®2900°F2 more rows
What octane is jet fuel?
The octane ratings of AVGAS, a gasoline-based fuel, are usually either 91 or 100 (lean mixture) and 96 or 130 (rich mixture). The octane rating of jet fuel is much lower, around 15 – this is much more like automotive diesel and thus much more resistant to detonating due to sparks or compression.
Why does the Navy use JP-5?
JP-5 is a high flash point kerosine (meeting) complying with the requirements of the U.S. Navy, this is primarily jet fuel for use in aircraft carriers. NATO Code F-44. JP-5 and JP-8 (stand for jet Propellants are substances that move other objects or give thrust). They are used by the military as aircraft fuels.
Is JP-5 flammable?
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water. JET FUELS, [JP-5] may be incompatible with strong oxidizing agents like nitric acid. Charring may occur followed by ignition of unreacted material and other nearby combustibles.
Is it OK to drink jet fuel?
Gastrointestinal symptoms from short-term exposure to water contaminated with jet fuel may include abdominal discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. Neurologic symptoms from exposure to water contaminated with jet fuel may include headache, fatigue, and lack of energy.
Can you run Jet A in a diesel engine?
There are still some big differences between diesel and Jet-A. For starters, there's a higher level of sulfur and other additives-including cetane, and the cetane number-in Jet-A than is allowed in your diesel. This could lead to fines and may even damage your engine.
What is a biocide?
Biocides are to remediate microbial (i.e., bacterial and fungal) growth present in aircraft fuel systems. Two biocides were previously approved for use by most aircraft and turbine engine original equipment manufacturers (OEMs); Kathon FP1.5 Microbiocide and Biobor JF.
What is a wide cut fuel?
A blend of approximately 30% kerosene and 70% gasoline, it is known as wide-cut fuel. It has a very low freezing point of −60 °C (−76 °F), and a low flash point as well. It is primarily used in some military aircraft. It is also used in northern Canada, Alaska, and sometimes Russia, because of its low freezing point.
How many carbon atoms are in a jet fuel?
Kerosene -type jet fuel (including Jet A and Jet A-1, JP-5, and JP-8) has a carbon number distribution between about 8 and 16 (carbon atoms per molecule); wide-cut or naphtha -type jet fuel (including Jet B and JP-4), between about 5 and 15.
How much carbon dioxide does the air transport industry emit?
Boeing estimates that biofuels could reduce flight-related greenhouse-gas emissions by 60 to 80 percent . One possible solution which has received more media coverage than others would be blending synthetic fuel derived from algae with existing jet fuel:
Why do we use fuel heaters on planes?
Removing all water from fuel is impractical; therefore, fuel heaters are usually used on commercial aircraft to prevent water in fuel from freezing. There are several methods for detecting water in jet fuel.
How many gals does the US supply to NASA?
They will also supply over 9,000 US gal (34,000 l; 7,500 imp gal) to NASA for testing in various aircraft and engines. The USAF has certified the B-1B, B-52H, C-17, C-130J, F-4 (as QF-4 target drones ), F-15, F-22, and T-38 to use the synthetic fuel blend.
What fuel is used in piston engines?
Fuel for piston-engine powered aircraft (usually a high- octane gasoline known as avgas) has a high volatility to improve its carburetion characteristics and high autoignition temperature to prevent preignition in high compression aircraft engines.
