Receiving Helpdesk

what is the difference between science and pseudoscience quizlet

by Prof. Esmeralda Lehner I Published 4 years ago Updated 2 years ago

While a pseudo-science is set up to look for evidence that supports its claims, Popper says, a science is set up to challenge its claims and look for evidence that might prove it false. In other words, pseudo-science seeks confirmations and science seeks falsifications. What is the difference between science and pseudoscience quizlet?

Science - can be empirically tested with a goal to disprove. Pseudoscience - cannot be empirically tested to disprove.

Full Answer

How can we differentiate between science and pseudoscience?

The warning signs are as follows:

  • Pseudoscience has the tendency to invoke ad hoc hypotheses, which can be thought of as “escape hatches” or loopholes, as a means of immunizing claims from falsification.
  • Pseudoscience has an absence of self-correction and an accompanying intellectual stagnation.
  • Pseudoscience has an emphasis on confirmation rather than refutation.

More items...

What is the difference between science and pseudo science?

  • Pseudoscientists have deficient or superficial knowledge and understanding of well-established science.
  • Their proposals are therefore based on faulty understanding of very basic and well established principles of physics and engineering.
  • The inventors may not be at all aware of these flaws in their reasoning.

More items...

Why is pseudoscience not considered real science?

Why is pseudoscience not considered to be a true science? Pseudosciences are not considered to be a true science because they don't use the scientific method, they don't use empirical evidence and cannot be replicated. Sets found in the same folder

Which pseudoscience is the most dangerous for mankind?

While most pseudoscience is quirky and odd, with no scientific basis behind it, most of it is harmless. There are areas in medicine where it can be dangerous such as homeopathy, and the most dangerous of those is the anti-vaccine movement. The reason that this is the most dangerous for mankind is observable presently.

What is the key difference between science and pseudoscience?

While a pseudo-science is set up to look for evidence that supports its claims, Popper says, a science is set up to challenge its claims and look for evidence that might prove it false. In other words, pseudo-science seeks confirmations and science seeks falsifications.Oct 4, 2011

What is the difference between science and pseudoscience Brainly?

Answer. Answer: Pseudoscience is differentiated from science because – although it claims to be science – pseudoscience does not adhere to accepted scientific standards, such as the scientific method, falsifiability of claims, and Mertonian norms.Sep 8, 2020

Which of these is a definition of pseudoscience quizlet?

Pseudoscience. Means 'false science.' It is a field of study where researchers claim to be scientific in their research and adopt some of the procedures of science, but fail to fulfil the criteria effectively. Not peer reviewed.

Which is a common characteristic of both science and pseudoscience quizlet?

Science is objective, and pseudoscience is subjective. A student takes notes in class as shown below. A.

On which feature is Pseudoscience based?

Answer: Pseudoscience is based on the unchanged static information. It contains only the theories, beliefs, practice which have no such proof or evidence.Jan 15, 2019

Which is the best description of methodology?

A methodology is the design process for carrying out research or the development of a procedure and is not in itself an instrument, or method, or procedure for doing things.

Why Is pseudoscience not considered real science quizlet?

Why is pseudoscience not considered real science? It relies on evidence based on personal experiences or beliefs. The intervention of extraterrestrials has been used to explain the Bermuda Triangle, a region of the Atlantic Ocean where ships and planes are frequently lost, leaving no evidence behind.

Which is an example of pseudoscience quizlet?

Pseudoscience is often "infected" by magic in the professional sense of performing tricks and illusions. Examples, Uri Geller's "spoon bending" feats, John Edwards' "communicating" with the dead. This is why sometimes the best critics of pseudoscience are not scientists but magicians.

Is astrology a pseudoscience?

Astrology has not demonstrated its effectiveness in controlled studies and has no scientific validity, and is thus regarded as pseudoscience.

Which is a characteristic of pseudoscience Brainly?

[1][Note 1] Pseudoscience is often characterized by contradictory, exaggerated or unfalsifiable claims; reliance on confirmation biasrather than rigorous attempts at refutation; lack of openness to evaluation by other experts; and absence of systematic practices when developing theories, and continued adherence long ...Jun 4, 2018

What is stagnation in pseudoscience?

Pseudoscience is unbound by reality making promises it cannot fulfill. The curse of stagnation. Science demonstrates the rapid rate of change and progress in accumulating new knowledge. The "ancient wisdom" of pseudoscience shows the lack of progression/improvement.

Which statement is the best description of science?

Science is best described as a way of building knowledge about the world around us through observation and experimentation.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
8.3.17PHP Version1.39sRequest Duration2MBMemory UsageGET {post}Route
  • warninglog[19:36:07] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\QueryFormatter:...
  • warninglog[19:36:07] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\QueryFormatter:...
  • warninglog[19:36:07] LOG.warning: Callables of the form ["Swift_SmtpTransport", "Swift_Transport_EsmtpTranspor...
  • warninglog[19:36:07] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\SimpleFormatter...
  • warninglog[19:36:07] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\SimpleFormatter...
  • warninglog[19:36:07] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[19:36:07] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[19:36:07] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[19:36:07] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[19:36:07] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[19:36:07] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • Booting (23.48ms)
  • Application (1.36s)
  • 1 x Application (98.27%)
    1.36s
    1 x Booting (1.69%)
    23.48ms
    7 templates were rendered
    • themes.DevBlog.content.post (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/content/post.blade.php)34blade
      Params
      0
      post
      1
      postContent
      2
      author
      3
      updated_at
      4
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      5
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      6
      bing_related_keywords
      7
      google_related_keywords
      8
      bing_news_title
      9
      bing_news_description
      10
      bing_videos
      11
      bing_images
      12
      bing_search_result_title
      13
      bing_search_result_description
      14
      bing_search_result_url
      15
      bing_paa_questions
      16
      bing_paa_answers
      17
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      18
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      19
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      20
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      21
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      22
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      23
      google_faq_questions
      24
      google_faq_answers
      25
      google_rich_snippet
      26
      google_search_result
      27
      indexedArray
      28
      total_images
      29
      total_videos
      30
      settings
      31
      url_current
      32
      menus
      33
      sidebar
    • themes.DevBlog.layouts.master (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/layouts/master.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.head (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/head.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.header (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/header.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.navbar (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/navbar.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.footer (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/footer.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.scripts (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/scripts.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    uri
    GET {post}
    middleware
    web, checkdate
    as
    post.show
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\Frontend\json_data\PostController@show
    namespace
    where
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/Frontend/json_data/PostController.php:18-166
    7 statements were executed1.34s
    • select * from `posts` where `published_at` <= '2025-05-01 19:36:07' and `slug` = 'what-is-the-difference-between-science-and-pseudoscience-quizlet' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      7.38ms/app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php:54receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 2025-05-01 19:36:07
      • 1. what-is-the-difference-between-science-and-pseudoscience-quizlet
      Backtrace
      • 15. /app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php:54
      • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php:842
      • 19. Route binding:39
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
      • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:78
    • select * from `json_post_contents` where `json_post_contents`.`post_id` = 140774 and `json_post_contents`.`post_id` is not null and `rewrite_id` = 0
      7.62msmiddleware::checkdate:30receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 140774
      • 1. 0
      Backtrace
      • 19. middleware::checkdate:30
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
      • 21. /vendor/laravel/jetstream/src/Http/Middleware/ShareInertiaData.php:61
      • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
    • select * from `nova_menu_menus` where `slug` = 'header' limit 1
      870μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:32receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. header
      Backtrace
      • 15. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:32
      • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • select * from `nova_menu_menu_items` where `nova_menu_menu_items`.`menu_id` = 1 and `nova_menu_menu_items`.`menu_id` is not null and `parent_id` is null order by `parent_id` asc, `order` asc, `name` asc
      1.22ms/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 1
      Backtrace
      • 19. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
      • 20. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
      • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
    • select * from `nova_menu_menu_items` where `nova_menu_menu_items`.`parent_id` in (1) order by `order` asc
      380μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Backtrace
      • 24. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
      • 25. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
      • 27. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 28. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • 29. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
    • select `id`, `post_title`, `slug` from `posts` where `status` = 'publish' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 10
      1.32s/app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:22receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. publish
      Backtrace
      • 14. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:22
      • 15. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:12
      • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
      • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:162
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
    • select * from `fake_users` where `fake_users`.`id` = 43637 limit 1
      5.52msview::2dd102cf0462e89a4d4d8bc77355d767652bf9aa:15receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 43637
      Backtrace
      • 21. view::2dd102cf0462e89a4d4d8bc77355d767652bf9aa:15
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
      • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 25. /vendor/livewire/livewire/src/ComponentConcerns/RendersLivewireComponents.php:69
      • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
    App\Models\FakeUser
    1
    Outl1ne\MenuBuilder\Models\MenuItem
    1
    Outl1ne\MenuBuilder\Models\Menu
    1
    App\Models\JsonPostContent
    1
    App\Models\Post
    11
        _token
        gr8AijUIYBziMdajn0E28QTQ8A2JLlsxhBklAaF4
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://receivinghelpdesk.com/ask/what-is-the-difference-between-science-and-p...
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /what-is-the-difference-between-science-and-pseudoscience-quizlet
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:24 [ "cf-ipcountry" => array:1 [ 0 => "US" ] "cf-connecting-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "18.188.116.205" ] "cdn-loop" => array:1 [ 0 => "cloudflare; loops=1" ] "cf-visitor" => array:1 [ 0 => "{"scheme":"https"}" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Chromium";v="130", "HeadlessChrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "cf-ray" => array:1 [ 0 => "938fd6709d312d03-ORD" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, br" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "close" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "18.188.116.205, 172.69.59.181" ] "x-server-addr" => array:1 [ 0 => "154.12.239.204" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "receivinghelpdesk.com" ] ]
        request_server
        0 of 0
        array:55 [ "USER" => "runcloud" "HOME" => "/home/runcloud" "SCRIPT_NAME" => "/ask/index.php" "REQUEST_URI" => "/ask/what-is-the-difference-between-science-and-pseudoscience-quizlet" "QUERY_STRING" => "" "REQUEST_METHOD" => "GET" "SERVER_PROTOCOL" => "HTTP/1.0" "GATEWAY_INTERFACE" => "CGI/1.1" "REDIRECT_URL" => "/ask/what-is-the-difference-between-science-and-pseudoscience-quizlet" "REMOTE_PORT" => "43304" "SCRIPT_FILENAME" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/ask/index.php" "SERVER_ADMIN" => "you@example.com" "CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/" "CONTEXT_PREFIX" => "" "REQUEST_SCHEME" => "http" "DOCUMENT_ROOT" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/" "REMOTE_ADDR" => "172.69.59.181" "SERVER_PORT" => "80" "SERVER_ADDR" => "127.0.0.1" "SERVER_NAME" => "receivinghelpdesk.com" "SERVER_SOFTWARE" => "Apache/2.4.63 (Unix) OpenSSL/1.1.1f" "SERVER_SIGNATURE" => "" "LD_LIBRARY_PATH" => "/RunCloud/Packages/apache2-rc/lib" "PATH" => "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" "HTTP_CF_IPCOUNTRY" => "US" "HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP" => "18.188.116.205" "HTTP_CDN_LOOP" => "cloudflare; loops=1" "HTTP_CF_VISITOR" => "{"scheme":"https"}" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_SITE" => "none" "HTTP_ACCEPT" => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" "HTTP_USER_AGENT" => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" "HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS" => "1" "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_PLATFORM" => ""Windows"" "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_MOBILE" => "?0" "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA" => ""Chromium";v="130", "HeadlessChrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99"" "HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL" => "no-cache" "HTTP_PRAGMA" => "no-cache" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_DEST" => "document" "HTTP_CF_RAY" => "938fd6709d312d03-ORD" "HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING" => "gzip, br" "HTTP_PRIORITY" => "u=0, i" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_USER" => "?1" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_MODE" => "navigate" "HTTP_CONNECTION" => "close" "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO" => "https" "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR" => "18.188.116.205, 172.69.59.181" "HTTP_X_SERVER_ADDR" => "154.12.239.204" "HTTP_HOST" => "receivinghelpdesk.com" "HTTPS" => "on" "REDIRECT_STATUS" => "200" "REDIRECT_HTTPS" => "on" "FCGI_ROLE" => "RESPONDER" "PHP_SELF" => "/ask/index.php" "REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT" => 1746108367.5558 "REQUEST_TIME" => 1746108367 ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:7 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "private, must-revalidate" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Thu, 01 May 2025 14:06:07 GMT" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "expires" => array:1 [ 0 => -1 ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImdvSm5uVjQxb2FSSGw1MEtzRUdYeGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYWo3SkNOQzgyZ2gvM0hqK3IyMkdsQWdUM3pYVmhteGQ4M2JTOUpRNjBDYitYNk43dFVQL3psRFZqUCt5bDcvV1hWY010STdHbDNmbllwYkE4NU5FU0pLUWVMMDZDT29SLy84aTZON1JudXM2SVpzbTA3WG5XQ0g3dzJDU2F1bjgiLCJtYWMiOiIzZDQ5ZDYzODczYTdkZDBiOTAzNTQwMzA4ZmVlNjgzNDZkNDM3NWJmOTFlMWYyZGM5NmZhZGU5OTg0ZWNlNDJmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 01-May-2025 16:06:08 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImdvSm5uVjQxb2FSSGw1MEtzRUdYeGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYWo3SkNOQzgyZ2gvM0hqK3IyMkdsQWdUM3pYVmhteGQ4M2JTOUpRNjBDYitYNk43dFVQL3psRFZqUCt5bDcvV1hWY010S" 1 => "askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6Ijk0dDlJNlJmK25DZ0s3VEs5VnMyY1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidHFpU1Zjck5Yd0tMUmtoZFArL0xxeFpJQjNWYkVGK3pibURFUkFIZ1JwSzFhQWt5OFV1cGJSaDNSTk1yWDBzaUNXeHQ5cXk3aGFIUnc5cGJLK0pXNDFxU3p4UFN2bWFvSXlOUFlnNHE3QTFRWGhIMjI4R1FTQkltN25DNWhJTk0iLCJtYWMiOiIxM2JiZGQyOWNhZGJkNzA5MmJiODM3NjYzM2MzY2E3MDE3YTcxOGMzZDc0Mjk2MDU5YzQxZjg5MDcwOTU3ODBlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 01-May-2025 16:06:08 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; httponly; samesite=laxaskhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6Ijk0dDlJNlJmK25DZ0s3VEs5VnMyY1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidHFpU1Zjck5Yd0tMUmtoZFArL0xxeFpJQjNWYkVGK3pibURFUkFIZ1JwSzFhQWt5OFV1cGJSaDNSTk1yWDBz" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImdvSm5uVjQxb2FSSGw1MEtzRUdYeGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYWo3SkNOQzgyZ2gvM0hqK3IyMkdsQWdUM3pYVmhteGQ4M2JTOUpRNjBDYitYNk43dFVQL3psRFZqUCt5bDcvV1hWY010STdHbDNmbllwYkE4NU5FU0pLUWVMMDZDT29SLy84aTZON1JudXM2SVpzbTA3WG5XQ0g3dzJDU2F1bjgiLCJtYWMiOiIzZDQ5ZDYzODczYTdkZDBiOTAzNTQwMzA4ZmVlNjgzNDZkNDM3NWJmOTFlMWYyZGM5NmZhZGU5OTg0ZWNlNDJmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 01-May-2025 16:06:08 GMT; path=/XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImdvSm5uVjQxb2FSSGw1MEtzRUdYeGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYWo3SkNOQzgyZ2gvM0hqK3IyMkdsQWdUM3pYVmhteGQ4M2JTOUpRNjBDYitYNk43dFVQL3psRFZqUCt5bDcvV1hWY010S" 1 => "askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6Ijk0dDlJNlJmK25DZ0s3VEs5VnMyY1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidHFpU1Zjck5Yd0tMUmtoZFArL0xxeFpJQjNWYkVGK3pibURFUkFIZ1JwSzFhQWt5OFV1cGJSaDNSTk1yWDBzaUNXeHQ5cXk3aGFIUnc5cGJLK0pXNDFxU3p4UFN2bWFvSXlOUFlnNHE3QTFRWGhIMjI4R1FTQkltN25DNWhJTk0iLCJtYWMiOiIxM2JiZGQyOWNhZGJkNzA5MmJiODM3NjYzM2MzY2E3MDE3YTcxOGMzZDc0Mjk2MDU5YzQxZjg5MDcwOTU3ODBlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 01-May-2025 16:06:08 GMT; path=/; httponlyaskhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6Ijk0dDlJNlJmK25DZ0s3VEs5VnMyY1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidHFpU1Zjck5Yd0tMUmtoZFArL0xxeFpJQjNWYkVGK3pibURFUkFIZ1JwSzFhQWt5OFV1cGJSaDNSTk1yWDBz" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:4 [ "_token" => "gr8AijUIYBziMdajn0E28QTQ8A2JLlsxhBklAaF4" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://receivinghelpdesk.com/ask/what-is-the-difference-between-science-and-pseudoscience-quizlet" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]