Receiving Helpdesk

what is the concentration of each ion in pure water at 25 c

by Prof. Enrico Herzog Published 2 years ago Updated 2 years ago

In pure water, at 25C, the [H3O+] and [OH-] ion concentrations are 1.0 x 10-7 M.

Full Answer

What is the concentration of OH ion in water at 25c?

In pure water, at 25C, the [H3O+] and [OH-] ion concentrations are 1.0 x 10-7 M. The value of Kw at 25C is therefore 1.0 x 10-14. Although Kw is defined in terms of the dissociation of water, this equilibrium constant expression is equally valid for solutions of acids and bases dissolved in water. Click to see full answer.

What is the equilibrium constant of pure water at 25°C?

What is the equilibrium constant of pure water at 25°C? Kw = 1.0 × 10−14 at 25ºC. Sometimes, in pure water, one proton ( H + ion) of one water molecule will be attracted to one of the lone pairs in another water molecule.

What is the concentration of hydroxide in pure water?

Pure water is considered to neutral and the hydronium ion concentration is 1.0 x 10-7 mol/L which is equal to the hydroxide ion concentration. So the pH is the -log of the [hydronium ion].

What is the concentration of [H3O+] and [OH-] ion?

In pure water, at 25C, the [H3O+] and [OH-] ion concentrations are 1.0 x 10-7 M. The value of Kw at 25C is therefore 1.0 x 10-14. Although Kw is defined in terms of the dissociation of water, this equilibrium constant expression is equally valid for solutions of acids and bases dissolved in water.

What is the concentration of pure water at 25 C?

55.5 MPure water at 25 °C is at a concentration of 55.5 M (mol/L). There is a small degree of ionization to H+ and OH- ions. The equilibrium constant (sometimes called the dissociation constant) is determined by electrical-conductivity measurements to be 1.8 10-16 M at 25 °C.

What is the concentration of hydronium and hydroxide ions in pure water at 25 C?

1.0×10−7MWhat are the hydronium ion concentration and the hydroxide ion concentration in pure water at 25 °C? The hydronium ion concentration and the hydroxide ion concentration are the same, and we find that both equal 1.0×10−7M.

What is the ion product for water at 25 C?

1.00 x 10-14Ion Product for Water. ion product for water: the equilibrium constant for the autoionization of water. At 25oC, Kw = 1.00 x 10-14 (mol/L)2 .

What is the ion concentration in pure water?

In pure water, hydrogen ion concentration is 10-7. Pure water is neutral, with a pH value of 7.0. When chemicals are mixed with water, the mixture may begin to be acidic or basic. The hydronium ion concentration is 1.0 x 10-7 mol/L which is equal to the hydroxide ion concentration.

What is the concentration of hydronium and hydroxide ions in pure water at 25 C quizlet?

H₃O⁺ and OH⁻ in pure water are each only 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ mol/L of water at 25°C.

What is the pH of pure water at 25 C quizlet?

The pH of pure water is measured to be 7.00 at 25.0°C and 6.02 at 100.0°C.

What is ionic product of water and what is its value at 25 C?

Answer: The value of Kw at 25°C is 1 x 10-14. Since pure water is neutral in nature, H+ ion concentration must be equal to OH- ion concentration. This shows that at 25°C, in 1 litre only 10-7 mole of water is in ionic form out of a total of approximately 55.5 moles.

How do you calculate the ion product?

Determine the concentrations of all ions in solution when the solutions are mixed and use them to calculate the ion product (Q)....The Ion ProductQ < Ksp. The solution is unsaturated, and more of the ionic solid, if available, will dissolve.Q = Ksp. ... Q > Ksp.

What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25 C?

7At 25 °C, a pH < 7 indicates an acidic solution, a pH > 7 a basic solution, and a pH = 7 a neutral solution.

What is the H+ of pure water?

Answer. the concentration of H+ ions in pure water is of ph value is 7 .

What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25 C quizlet?

The pH of a neutral solution, when the concentrations of hydroxide and hydronium ions are equal, at 25°C is 7.0.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
8.3.17PHP Version2.11sRequest Duration2MBMemory UsageGET {post}Route
  • warninglog[23:31:34] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\QueryFormatter:...
  • warninglog[23:31:34] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\QueryFormatter:...
  • warninglog[23:31:34] LOG.warning: Callables of the form ["Swift_SmtpTransport", "Swift_Transport_EsmtpTranspor...
  • warninglog[23:31:34] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\SimpleFormatter...
  • warninglog[23:31:34] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\SimpleFormatter...
  • warninglog[23:31:34] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[23:31:34] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[23:31:34] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[23:31:34] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[23:31:34] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[23:31:34] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[23:31:34] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
  • warninglog[23:31:34] LOG.warning: explode(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($string) of type string is deprecat...
  • Booting (34.11ms)
  • Application (2.08s)
  • 1 x Application (98.35%)
    2.08s
    1 x Booting (1.61%)
    34.11ms
    7 templates were rendered
    • themes.DevBlog.content.post (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/content/post.blade.php)34blade
      Params
      0
      post
      1
      postContent
      2
      author
      3
      updated_at
      4
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      5
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      6
      bing_related_keywords
      7
      google_related_keywords
      8
      bing_news_title
      9
      bing_news_description
      10
      bing_videos
      11
      bing_images
      12
      bing_search_result_title
      13
      bing_search_result_description
      14
      bing_search_result_url
      15
      bing_paa_questions
      16
      bing_paa_answers
      17
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      18
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      19
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      20
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      21
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      22
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      23
      google_faq_questions
      24
      google_faq_answers
      25
      google_rich_snippet
      26
      google_search_result
      27
      indexedArray
      28
      total_images
      29
      total_videos
      30
      settings
      31
      url_current
      32
      menus
      33
      sidebar
    • themes.DevBlog.layouts.master (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/layouts/master.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.head (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/head.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.header (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/header.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.navbar (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/navbar.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.footer (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/footer.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    • themes.DevBlog.panels.scripts (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/scripts.blade.php)41blade
      Params
      0
      __env
      1
      app
      2
      errors
      3
      post
      4
      postContent
      5
      author
      6
      updated_at
      7
      bing_rich_snippet_text
      8
      bing_rich_snippet_link
      9
      bing_related_keywords
      10
      google_related_keywords
      11
      bing_news_title
      12
      bing_news_description
      13
      bing_videos
      14
      bing_images
      15
      bing_search_result_title
      16
      bing_search_result_description
      17
      bing_search_result_url
      18
      bing_paa_questions
      19
      bing_paa_answers
      20
      bing_slider_faq_questions
      21
      bing_slider_faq_answers
      22
      bing_pop_faq_questions
      23
      bing_pop_faq_answers
      24
      bing_tab_faq_questions
      25
      bing_tab_faq_answers
      26
      google_faq_questions
      27
      google_faq_answers
      28
      google_rich_snippet
      29
      google_search_result
      30
      indexedArray
      31
      total_images
      32
      total_videos
      33
      settings
      34
      url_current
      35
      menus
      36
      sidebar
      37
      i
      38
      __currentLoopData
      39
      loop
      40
      item
    uri
    GET {post}
    middleware
    web, checkdate
    as
    post.show
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\Frontend\json_data\PostController@show
    namespace
    where
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/Frontend/json_data/PostController.php:18-166
    7 statements were executed2.03s
    • select * from `posts` where `published_at` <= '2025-05-05 23:31:34' and `slug` = 'what-is-the-concentration-of-each-ion-in-pure-water-at-25-c' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      6.54ms/app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php:54receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 2025-05-05 23:31:34
      • 1. what-is-the-concentration-of-each-ion-in-pure-water-at-25-c
      Backtrace
      • 15. /app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php:54
      • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php:842
      • 19. Route binding:39
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
      • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:78
    • select * from `json_post_contents` where `json_post_contents`.`post_id` = 161604 and `json_post_contents`.`post_id` is not null and `rewrite_id` = 0
      4.13msmiddleware::checkdate:30receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 161604
      • 1. 0
      Backtrace
      • 19. middleware::checkdate:30
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
      • 21. /vendor/laravel/jetstream/src/Http/Middleware/ShareInertiaData.php:61
      • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
    • select * from `nova_menu_menus` where `slug` = 'header' limit 1
      780μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:32receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. header
      Backtrace
      • 15. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:32
      • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • select * from `nova_menu_menu_items` where `nova_menu_menu_items`.`menu_id` = 1 and `nova_menu_menu_items`.`menu_id` is not null and `parent_id` is null order by `parent_id` asc, `order` asc, `name` asc
      1.01ms/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 1
      Backtrace
      • 19. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
      • 20. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
      • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
    • select * from `nova_menu_menu_items` where `nova_menu_menu_items`.`parent_id` in (1) order by `order` asc
      1.56ms/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Backtrace
      • 24. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
      • 25. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
      • 27. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 28. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
      • 29. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
    • select `id`, `post_title`, `slug` from `posts` where `status` = 'publish' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 10
      2.01s/app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:22receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. publish
      Backtrace
      • 14. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:22
      • 15. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:12
      • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
      • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:162
      • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
    • select * from `fake_users` where `fake_users`.`id` = 2416 limit 1
      820μsview::2dd102cf0462e89a4d4d8bc77355d767652bf9aa:15receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 2416
      Backtrace
      • 21. view::2dd102cf0462e89a4d4d8bc77355d767652bf9aa:15
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
      • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 25. /vendor/livewire/livewire/src/ComponentConcerns/RendersLivewireComponents.php:69
      • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
    App\Models\FakeUser
    1
    Outl1ne\MenuBuilder\Models\MenuItem
    1
    Outl1ne\MenuBuilder\Models\Menu
    1
    App\Models\JsonPostContent
    1
    App\Models\Post
    11
        _token
        B16TkwqGbO9p5iPBrHWBHbh8pU3RBDS7scKIW49L
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://receivinghelpdesk.com/ask/what-is-the-concentration-of-each-ion-in-pur...
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /what-is-the-concentration-of-each-ion-in-pure-water-at-25-c
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:24 [ "cf-ipcountry" => array:1 [ 0 => "US" ] "cf-connecting-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.16.214.124" ] "cdn-loop" => array:1 [ 0 => "cloudflare; loops=1" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Chromium";v="130", "HeadlessChrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "cf-ray" => array:1 [ 0 => "93b224d698491127-ORD" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, br" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "cf-visitor" => array:1 [ 0 => "{"scheme":"https"}" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "close" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.16.214.124, 172.69.59.244" ] "x-server-addr" => array:1 [ 0 => "154.12.239.204" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "receivinghelpdesk.com" ] ]
        request_server
        0 of 0
        array:55 [ "USER" => "runcloud" "HOME" => "/home/runcloud" "SCRIPT_NAME" => "/ask/index.php" "REQUEST_URI" => "/ask/what-is-the-concentration-of-each-ion-in-pure-water-at-25-c" "QUERY_STRING" => "" "REQUEST_METHOD" => "GET" "SERVER_PROTOCOL" => "HTTP/1.0" "GATEWAY_INTERFACE" => "CGI/1.1" "REDIRECT_URL" => "/ask/what-is-the-concentration-of-each-ion-in-pure-water-at-25-c" "REMOTE_PORT" => "33504" "SCRIPT_FILENAME" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/ask/index.php" "SERVER_ADMIN" => "you@example.com" "CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/" "CONTEXT_PREFIX" => "" "REQUEST_SCHEME" => "http" "DOCUMENT_ROOT" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/" "REMOTE_ADDR" => "172.69.59.244" "SERVER_PORT" => "80" "SERVER_ADDR" => "127.0.0.1" "SERVER_NAME" => "receivinghelpdesk.com" "SERVER_SOFTWARE" => "Apache/2.4.63 (Unix) OpenSSL/1.1.1f" "SERVER_SIGNATURE" => "" "LD_LIBRARY_PATH" => "/RunCloud/Packages/apache2-rc/lib" "PATH" => "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" "HTTP_CF_IPCOUNTRY" => "US" "HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP" => "3.16.214.124" "HTTP_CDN_LOOP" => "cloudflare; loops=1" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_SITE" => "none" "HTTP_ACCEPT" => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" "HTTP_USER_AGENT" => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" "HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS" => "1" "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_PLATFORM" => ""Windows"" "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_MOBILE" => "?0" "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA" => ""Chromium";v="130", "HeadlessChrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99"" "HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL" => "no-cache" "HTTP_PRAGMA" => "no-cache" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_DEST" => "document" "HTTP_CF_RAY" => "93b224d698491127-ORD" "HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING" => "gzip, br" "HTTP_PRIORITY" => "u=0, i" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_USER" => "?1" "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_MODE" => "navigate" "HTTP_CF_VISITOR" => "{"scheme":"https"}" "HTTP_CONNECTION" => "close" "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO" => "https" "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR" => "3.16.214.124, 172.69.59.244" "HTTP_X_SERVER_ADDR" => "154.12.239.204" "HTTP_HOST" => "receivinghelpdesk.com" "HTTPS" => "on" "REDIRECT_STATUS" => "200" "REDIRECT_HTTPS" => "on" "FCGI_ROLE" => "RESPONDER" "PHP_SELF" => "/ask/index.php" "REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT" => 1746468094.6174 "REQUEST_TIME" => 1746468094 ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:7 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "private, must-revalidate" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mon, 05 May 2025 18:01:34 GMT" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "expires" => array:1 [ 0 => -1 ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImQrc0VlYzdXVGZaSWZUSFBpL1ZGRGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicGtZRytFaEVYeDFXRkhRZzVsRjdjZ1lYb3RQam5nZHV0WFNiczc2UG53NzE0Z0dPUnpmdTU4ajVJLzNYKzVjay91QXl0YzBKclk4eVF5VkNHc3IrWUNvL0szaEk4Qm4xYS82SlVxS0k0N01xTzhnNnlraFhqZUw0cEd1Q2xxMXQiLCJtYWMiOiIwODljNTM5NzA5NjFkNmNkMzJkNDVjNjA2ZWRkOGU2NTVmNGFmYjY4YzJiODI0Yzk4ZDIxNWVlMWYzZWZmYzhkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Mon, 05-May-2025 20:01:36 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImQrc0VlYzdXVGZaSWZUSFBpL1ZGRGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicGtZRytFaEVYeDFXRkhRZzVsRjdjZ1lYb3RQam5nZHV0WFNiczc2UG53NzE0Z0dPUnpmdTU4ajVJLzNYKzVjay91QXl0Y" 1 => "askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6Inc4Qis2U1k2R09nWGlCMFFXcHFwbEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRTI3aEJNR05PMVBHZVZMdnk1SG1VK01qdjJSeEhMUk5xN0p2S1VvSllkOHJyU2txS2JnNGw2ZUVBMFJHZFlRbG0xazFNeW9UZ3lyWFJHQll1UVNIL3ZEdkEybXRuUDljNTQzRnZqd2ljK3JLWTRFc0FsUytXTmJnZmNGYkdCNnAiLCJtYWMiOiI2ZWY4YmM5YzdiMzY5YTY3M2MyN2UxNzJiNGVhMDZjNmMwZDQ2NjdkZDkzMTMzNjc3YzQ3ODViMDQ5ZWJhNTAxIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Mon, 05-May-2025 20:01:36 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; httponly; samesite=laxaskhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6Inc4Qis2U1k2R09nWGlCMFFXcHFwbEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRTI3aEJNR05PMVBHZVZMdnk1SG1VK01qdjJSeEhMUk5xN0p2S1VvSllkOHJyU2txS2JnNGw2ZUVBMFJHZFlR" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImQrc0VlYzdXVGZaSWZUSFBpL1ZGRGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicGtZRytFaEVYeDFXRkhRZzVsRjdjZ1lYb3RQam5nZHV0WFNiczc2UG53NzE0Z0dPUnpmdTU4ajVJLzNYKzVjay91QXl0YzBKclk4eVF5VkNHc3IrWUNvL0szaEk4Qm4xYS82SlVxS0k0N01xTzhnNnlraFhqZUw0cEd1Q2xxMXQiLCJtYWMiOiIwODljNTM5NzA5NjFkNmNkMzJkNDVjNjA2ZWRkOGU2NTVmNGFmYjY4YzJiODI0Yzk4ZDIxNWVlMWYzZWZmYzhkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Mon, 05-May-2025 20:01:36 GMT; path=/XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImQrc0VlYzdXVGZaSWZUSFBpL1ZGRGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicGtZRytFaEVYeDFXRkhRZzVsRjdjZ1lYb3RQam5nZHV0WFNiczc2UG53NzE0Z0dPUnpmdTU4ajVJLzNYKzVjay91QXl0Y" 1 => "askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6Inc4Qis2U1k2R09nWGlCMFFXcHFwbEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRTI3aEJNR05PMVBHZVZMdnk1SG1VK01qdjJSeEhMUk5xN0p2S1VvSllkOHJyU2txS2JnNGw2ZUVBMFJHZFlRbG0xazFNeW9UZ3lyWFJHQll1UVNIL3ZEdkEybXRuUDljNTQzRnZqd2ljK3JLWTRFc0FsUytXTmJnZmNGYkdCNnAiLCJtYWMiOiI2ZWY4YmM5YzdiMzY5YTY3M2MyN2UxNzJiNGVhMDZjNmMwZDQ2NjdkZDkzMTMzNjc3YzQ3ODViMDQ5ZWJhNTAxIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Mon, 05-May-2025 20:01:36 GMT; path=/; httponlyaskhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6Inc4Qis2U1k2R09nWGlCMFFXcHFwbEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRTI3aEJNR05PMVBHZVZMdnk1SG1VK01qdjJSeEhMUk5xN0p2S1VvSllkOHJyU2txS2JnNGw2ZUVBMFJHZFlR" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:4 [ "_token" => "B16TkwqGbO9p5iPBrHWBHbh8pU3RBDS7scKIW49L" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://receivinghelpdesk.com/ask/what-is-the-concentration-of-each-ion-in-pure-water-at-25-c" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]