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what is the chemical name of detergent

by Prof. Leta Hills Published 3 years ago Updated 2 years ago

C17H35COONa or sodium stearate is the chemical formula for soap, while the chemical formula of detergent is C18H29NaO3S.

What is detergent in chemistry?

These detergents may contain the following components:

  • surfactants
  • foam regulators
  • builders
  • bleach
  • bleach activators
  • enzymes
  • dyes
  • fragrances
  • other additives

What are the types of detergent?

What type of laundry detergent does what?

  • Biological detergent. Biological detergent is the best choice for stain removal as it contains enzymes that boost cleaning power.
  • Colour-safe detergent. These detergents contain specially formulated colour protectors that have been designed to help prevent colours from fading.
  • Detergent for delicates. ...
  • Non-biological detergent. ...

What is the most toxic laundry detergent?

– ECOS Liquid Laundry Detergent at Amazon. Likewise, What is the most toxic laundry detergent? Dynamo Liquid Laundry Detergent With just the presence of formaldehyde the liquid detergent has been branded as toxic by EWG. This is because such ingredients make it harmful to health and environment. It can even cause cancer and respiratory effects.

What are anionic detergents?

What are anionic detergents? Among synthetic detergents, commonly referred to as syndets, anionic-active types are the most important. The molecule of an anionic-active synthetic detergent is a long carbon chain to which a sulfo group (?SO3) is attached, forming the negatively charged (anionic) part.

What is the chemical formula of detergents?

A detergent molecule is made up of two parts: an oil-soluble hydrocarbon and a water-soluble polar group \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_3}{\rm{Na}}\) or \({\rm{OS}}{{\rm{O}}_3}{\rm{Na}}{\rm{.}} \) The detergents have been divided into three groups based on the charge on the polar head.

What is the scientific name for laundry detergent?

Anionic surfactants: branched alkylbenzenesulfonate, linear alkylbenzenesulfonate, and a soap.

What is the chemical name of dishwashing liquid?

History. Washing soda (sodium carbonate) is used for dishwashing, and may be used in areas with hard water.

What is soap chemistry?

In a strictly chemical sense, any compound formed by the reaction of a water-insoluble fatty acid with an organic base or an alkali metal may be called a soap.

Q.1. What are examples of Detergents?

Ans: Laundry and fabric softeners, all-purpose cleaners, and combinations for soaking(pre-washing), rinsing, or bleaching are examples of common de...

Q.2. What are high-efficiency detergents?

Ans: High-efficiency (HE) laundry detergent is designed especially for high-efficiency washing machines, which use less water. (HE) Detergent provi...

Q.3. What is meant by detergents in chemistry?

Ans: A detergent is a sodium salt of long-chain benzene sulphonic acid or sodium salt of long-chain alkyl hydrogen sulfate, which has cleansing pro...

Q.4. How are detergents made up of?

Ans: Synthetic detergents are made by reacting petroleum hydrocarbons with concentrated sulphuric acid and converting them to their sodium salt.

Q.5. How are detergents works?

Ans: When an oily piece of cloth is dipped into a detergent solution, the Detergent’s hydrocarbon end bonds to the oily drop, and the polar end ori...

What is detergent in soap?

For other uses, see Detergent (disambiguation). Detergents. A detergent is a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants with cleansing properties in dilute solutions. These substances are usually alkylbenzene sulfonates, a family of compounds that are similar to soap ...

Where does the word "detergent" come from?

"Detergent" is borrowed from the Latin verb "detergere", which is a compound of de, "away from", and tergere, "to wipe". In the English language, it was used as an adjective, "detergent", in the 17th century.

What is the polar end of cationic detergent?

Cationic detergents are similar to the anionic ones, with a hydrophilic component, but, instead of the anionic sulfonate group, the cationic surfactants have quaternary ammonium as the polar end. The ammonium sulfate center is positively charged.

How many kilograms of anionic detergent are produced annually?

An estimated 6 billion kilograms of anionic detergents are produced annually for domestic markets. Bile acids, such as deoxycholic acid (DOC), are anionic detergents produced by the liver to aid in digestion and absorption of fats and oils. Three kinds of anionic detergents: a branched sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, ...

What are fuel additives?

Fuel additives. Both carburetors and fuel injector components of internal combustion engines benefit from detergents in the fuels to prevent fouling. Concentrations are about 300 ppm. Typical detergents are long-chain amines and amides such as polyisobuteneamine and polyisobuteneamide/ succinimide.

What is reagent grade detergent?

Reagent grade detergents are employed for the isolation and purification of integral membrane proteins found in biological cells. Solubilization of cell membrane bilayers requires a detergent that can enter the inner membrane monolayer. Advancements in the purity and sophistication of detergents have facilitated structural and biophysical characterization of important membrane proteins such as ion channels also the disrupt membrane by binding lipopolysaccharide, transporters, signaling receptors, and photosystem II.

What is the largest application of detergents?

One of the largest applications of detergents is for household and shop cleaning including dish washing and washing laundry. The formulations are complex, reflecting the diverse demands of the application and the highly competitive consumer market.

What is the chemical formula for detergent?

Detergent is an emulsifying agent that is scientifically referred to as sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate and has a chemical formula of C18H29NaO3S. This chemical compound has an incredible foaming ability, and can be easily compounded with various other additives. Detergents are effective because they have an amphipathic structure, ...

Why are detergents effective?

Detergents are effective because they have an amphipathic structure, which means that one side of the compound is hydrophobic and will avoid water while the other side of the compound is hydrophilic and will easily attach to water. The hydrophobic region of the detergent will easily react and attract other molecules that are present in its ...

What is the difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic detergent?

The hydrophobic region of the detergent will easily react and attract other molecules that are present in its surrounding environment; thus, causing it to clump to the detergent while the hydrophilic region of the detergent ensures that the entire compound, along with the attracted particles, can be easily carried away with water.

Why do you use detergent on leather?

It has also been recommended or degreasing leather since the hydrophobic regions will easily attract grease and other fatty molecules, which are made up of a primarily carbon tail.

What is detergent in science?

A detergent is a surfactant or mixture of surfactants that has cleaning properties in dilute solution with water. A detergent is similar to soap, but with a general structure R-SO 4-, Na +, where R is a long-chain alkyl group.

What are the different types of detergents?

Detergents are classified according to their electrical charge: 1 Anionic detergents: Anionic detergents have a net negative electrical charge. The liver produces bile acids, which are anionic detergents the body uses to digest and absorb fats. Commercial anionic detergents are usually alkylbenezesulfonates. The alkylbenzene is lipophilic and hydrophobic, so it can interact with fats and oils. The sulfonate is hydrophilic, so it can wash away soiling in water. Both linear and branched alkyl groups may be used, but detergents made with linear alkyl groups are more likely to be biodegradable. 2 Cationic detergents: Cationic detergents have a net positive electrical charge. The chemical structures of cationic detergents are similar to those of anionic detergents, but the sulfonate group is replaced by quaternary ammonium. 3 Non-ionic detergents: Non-ionic detergents contain an uncharged hydrophilic group. Usually, these compounds are based on a glycoside (sugar alcohol) or polyoxyethylene. Examples of non-ionic detergents include Triton, Tween, Brij, octyl thioglucoside, and maltoside. 4 Zwitterionic detergents: Zwitterionic detergents have equal numbers of +1 and -1 charges, so their net charge is 0. An example is CHAPS, which is 3- [ (3- ch olamidopropyl)dimethyl a mmonio]-1- p ropane s ulfonate.

What is the most common application of detergent?

The largest application of detergents is for cleaning. Dishwashing detergent and laundry detergent are the most common formulations. However, detergents are also used as fuel additives and biological reagents. Detergents prevent fouling of fuel injectors and carburetors.

What is the difference between cationic and non-ionic detergents?

Cationic detergents: Cationic detergents have a net positive electrical charge. The chemical structures of cationic detergents are similar to those of anionic detergents, but the sulfonate group is replaced by quaternary ammonium. Non-ionic detergents: Non-ionic detergents contain an uncharged hydrophilic group.

Why are detergents important in laundry?

The additives are necessary because detergents have a difficult time removing dyes, pigments, resins, and denatured proteins.

Why was detergent invented?

An alkyl sulfate surfactant was formulated because the Allied Blockade of Germany in 1917 caused a shortage of soap-making ingredients. The word "detergent" comes from the Latin word "detergere," which means "to wipe away." Prior to the invention of detergent, washing soda or sodium carbonate was most often used for dishwashing and laundering clothing. In the United States, the first liquid dishwashing detergent was produced in the 1930s, while in Europe, the first detergent for this purpose (Teepol) was made in 1942. Laundry detergents came into use around the same time, although they were available in both solid and liquid forms. Both dishwashing and laundry detergent contain numerous other compounds, typically including enzymes, bleach, fragrances, dyes, fillers, and (for laundry detergent) optical brighteners. The additives are necessary because detergents have a difficult time removing dyes, pigments, resins, and denatured proteins. Reagent detergents for biology tend to be pure forms of the surfactants.

When was the first liquid dishwashing detergent invented?

In the United States, the first liquid dishwashing detergent was produced in the 1930s, while in Europe, the first detergent for this purpose (Teepol) was made in 1942. Laundry detergents came into use around the same time, although they were available in both solid and liquid forms.

What is synthetic detergent?

A synthetic detergent is any synthetic substance other than soap that is an effective cleanser and functions equally well as a surface-active agent in hard or soft water. Detergents usually made out of surfactants. Detergents are effective because they have an amphipathic structure, which means that one side of the compound is hydrophobic ...

Why are detergents effective?

Detergents are effective because they have an amphipathic structure, which means that one side of the compound is hydrophobic and will avoid water. In contrast, the other side of the compound is hydrophilic and will easily attach to water.

What is the difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic detergent?

The hydrophobic region of the detergent will easily react and attract other molecules that are present in its surrounding environment; thus, causing it to clump to the detergent, while the hydrophilic region of the detergent ensures that the entire compound, along with the attracted particles, can be easily carried away with water.

What surfactants are used in detergents?

Anionic surfactants are used in composition of detergents. Cationic surfactants are used in compositions of laundry softeners and dishwashing rinse aids which are not good to use them together with detergents because they counter the detergents.

What is the chemical reaction that produces soap?

Chemicals in Soap oil -Saponification is the name of the chemical reaction that produces soap. In the process, animal or vegetable fat is converted into soap (a fatty acid) and alcohol. The reaction requires a solution of an alkali (e.g., sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) in water and also heat.

What is the formula for washing soda?

Continue Reading. Chemicals used in Detergent powder- Washing soda is a chemical compound with the formula Na2CO3 , known as sodium carbonate, and it's a salt of carbonic acid.

What is used to alkylate toluene?

In the post phosphate world the acyl chloride of vegetable oil is used to alkylate toluene in place of benzene, and the. Continue Reading.

What is the difference between COO and C17H35?

The long chain C17H35 escapes from water (hydrophobic), while COO- group likes water (hydrophilic). Briefly, it releases a positive sodium ion into the water, negative charge (COO-) gets buried into the water while hydrocarbon chain stays prefers stay out of the water.

How to neutralize acid slurry?

First of all, you have to neutralize the acid slurry with soda ash. Then keep the mixture for one hour for completion of the reaction. Then mix the other ingredients such as STEP, TSP, Glauber’s salt, CMC, Colours, Perfume etc. and blend to the neutralized acid slurry with continuous mixing.

Is sodium lauryl sulphate soluble in water?

(*): Positive charge in the water due to the Na+ ions can pull all the chain into the water, thus, our molecule is actually slightly soluble in water.

What are the chemicals in laundry detergent?

Following is a list of the most common harmful chemicals in laundry detergent products. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate & Sodium Laureth Sulfate/ Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLS/ SLES). A main ingredient in, and most common chemical in laundry detergents as well as dish liquid, hand wash, and shampoo, SLS and SLES are surfactants intended to remove soil ...

What is the best laundry detergent for stains?

Washing soda. This soda is more caustic and more powerful than baking soda, making it a great product for anyone who wants a safe, simple wash routine, but has doubts about baking soda’s effectiveness. It’s one of the ingredients in my natural laundry detergent recipe and it works very well against stains. Borax.

Why are fragrances not required to be listed in detergent?

Fragrance (Unspecified/ Parfum). Manufacturers are not required to list the ingredients of their fragrances because of a legal loophole. Adding fragrance to detergent gives a false impression of cleanliness without improving the action of the product in any way.

Is quat a corrosive cleaner?

This cleaning additive, commonly known by teenage food-service workers as “quat”, is known to be corrosive, and it should not be in household cleaning products ( 12 ), as it causes eye, skin, and lung damage. There’s no reason to include these chemicals in laundry detergent. Nonylphenol Ethoxylates (Nonoxynol, NPEs).

Is bleach a skin irritant?

Chlorine Bleach. It’s not surprising that bleach is a skin and lung irritant, but most people do not know either how common it is in laundry products or exactly how harmful it can be, not to mention, many people add at least an additional cup to every load of whites.

Is benzyl acetate toxic?

Dichlorobenzene (P-Dichlorobenzene/ Benzene). Benzene has an immediate, highly toxic effect on aquatic life that can continue poisoning the watershed for years to come.

Is laundry detergent dangerous?

Commercial laundry products are a chemical cocktail of harm to people, pets, and the environment, and avoiding dangerous chemicals in laundry detergent is a must as you look for ways to improve the health of your family and home,

image

Overview

Chemical classifications of detergents

Detergents are classified into four broad groupings, depending on the electrical charge of the surfactants.
Typical anionic detergents are alkylbenzene sulfonates. The alkylbenzene portion of these anions is lipophilic and the sulfonate is hydrophilic. Two varieties have been popularized, those with branched alkyl groups and those with linear alkyl g…

Definitions

The word detergent is derived from the Latin adjective detergens, from the verb detergere, meaning to wipe or polish off. Detergent is a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants with cleansing properties when in dilute solutions. However, conventionally, detergent is used to mean synthetic cleaning compounds as opposed to soap (a salt of the natural fatty acid), even though soap is also a detergent in the true sense. In domestic contexts, the term detergent refers to household …

Structure and properties

Detergents are a group of compounds with an amphiphilic structure, where each molecule has a hydrophilic (polar) head and a long hydrophobic (non-polar) tail. The hydrophobic portion of these molecules may be straight- or branched-chain hydrocarbons, or it may have a steroid structure. The hydrophilic portion is more varied, they may be ionic or non-ionic, and can range from a simple or a relatively elaborate structure. Detergents are surfactants since they can decrease the surface t…

History

Soap is known to be have been used as a surfactant for washing clothes since the Sumerian time in 2,500 B.C. In ancient Egypt, soda was used as a wash additive. In the 19th century, synthetic surfactants began to be created, for example from olive oil. Sodium silicate (water glass) was used in soap-making in the United States in the 1860s, and in 1876, Henkel sold a sodium silicate-based product that can be used with soap and marketed as a "universal detergent" (Universalwaschmit…

Major applications of detergents

One of the largest applications of detergents is for household and shop cleaning including dish washing and washing laundry. These detergents are commonly available as powders or concentrated solutions, and the formulations of these detergents are often complex mixtures of a variety of chemicals aside from surfactants, reflecting the diverse demands of the application and the highly c…

See also

• Cleavable detergent
• Dishwashing liquid
• Dispersant
• Green cleaning
• Hard-surface cleaner

External links

• About.com: How Do Detergents Clean
• Campbell tips for detergents chemistry, surfactants, and history related to laundry washing, destaining methods and soil.

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        Bindings
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        • 1. what-is-the-chemical-name-of-detergent
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        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php:842
        • 19. Route binding:39
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        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:78
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        • 19. middleware::checkdate:30
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/jetstream/src/Http/Middleware/ShareInertiaData.php:61
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        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • 15. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:32
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
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        940μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35receivinghelpdeskask
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
        • 20. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
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        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 24. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
        • 25. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
        • 27. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:22
        • 15. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:12
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
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        Metadata
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        • 25. /vendor/livewire/livewire/src/ComponentConcerns/RendersLivewireComponents.php:69
        • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
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