There are three common formulas used to calculate specific volume (ν):
- ν = V / m where V is volume and m is mass
- ν = 1 /ρ = ρ-1 where ρ is density
- ν = RT / PM = RT / P where R is the ideal gas constant, T is temperature, P is pressure, and M is the molarity
Full Answer
How do you calculate specific volume?
how to calculate specific volume
- Thermodynamic Properties – Specific Volume
- Thermodynamics – Units, Density, and Specific Volume
- Numerical on Specific Volume & Total Volume of Diff. Types of Steam/Determine of Condition of Steam
How to find the specific volume?
Water - Specific Volume
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What is the relationship between specific volume and density?
Density is defined as mass per unit volume. The reciprocal of density is the specific volume v, which is defined as volume per unit mass. That is, v = V / m = 1/ ρ. For a differential volume element of mass δm and volume δV, density can be expressed as ρ = δm / δV . The density of a substance, in general, depends on temperature and pressure.
How do you find density from specific volume?
What are the three formulas for density?
- To work out density: p = m / V
- To work out the mass: m = p x V
- To work out the volume: V = m / p
What is the specific formula of volume?
ν = V / mThere are three common formulas used to calculate specific volume (ν): ν = V / m where V is volume and m is mass. ν = 1 /ρ = ρ-1 where ρ is density. ν = RT / PM = RT / P where R is the ideal gas constant, T is temperature, P is pressure, and M is the molarity.
What do you mean by specific volume?
Specific volume is a property of materials, defined as the number of cubic meters occupied by one kilogram of a particular substance. The standard unit is the meter cubed per kilogram (m 3 /kg or m 3 · kg -1 ).
What is specific volume of gas?
If one sets out to determine the specific volume of an ideal gas, such as super heated steam, using the equation ν = RT/P, where pressure is 2500 lbf/in2, R is 0.596, temperature is 1960 °R. In that case, the specific volume would equal 0.4672 in3/lb.
What is specific volume in fluid mechanics?
The specific volume is the reciprocal of the density of the material, which is the mass per unit volume: r = (1/v) = (m/V). The "Specific Gravity" of a substance is the ratio of its mass to that of an equal volume of water at the same temperature and pressure.
What is the symbol for specific volume?
Typically specific volume uses the symbol v. The density of a substance is defined as the mass per unit volume, and it is therefore the reciprocal of the specific volume. Density is designated by the symbol ρ. Specific volume and density are intensive properties.
How do you find volume in PV nRT?
For example, if you want to calculate the volume of 40 moles of a gas under a pressure of 1013 hPa and at a temperature of 250 K, the result will be equal to: V = nRT/p = 40 * 8.3144598 * 250 / 101300 = 0.82 m³ .
What is specific molar volume?
At standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) the molar volume (Vm) is the volume occupied by one mole of a chemical element or a chemical compound. It can be calculated by dividing the molar mass (M) by mass density (ρ). Molar gas volume is one mole of any gas at a specific temperature and pressure has a fixed volume.
What is specific volume of steam?
Specific Volume Of Superheated steam: It is the volume occupied by 1 kg of superheated steam at a given pressure and superheated temperature, and is denoted as vsup. The superheated steam behaves like a perfect gas, therefor its specific volume is determined approximately applying charle's law.
What is a specific ratio?
The specific heat ratio of a gas (symbolized as gamma “γ” but also known as “k”) is commonly defined as the ratio of the specific heat of the gas at a constant pressure to its specific heat at a constant volume (see Equation 1).
What do you mean by specific weight and specific volume of a fluid?
Specific weight of a fluid is defined as the ratio of the weight of a fluid to the volume of the fluid. Or weight of a fluid per unit volume is called its specific weight. Specific weight = (weight of fluid)/(volume of fluid) w = mg/V = ρg.
How do you calculate specific volume?
The specific volume of solids and liquids are calculated either by dividing the substances' volume with its mass with the following equation: v =...
What is specific volume example?
The specific volume is an intrinsic and intensive physical property that is characterized by being amount independent. This physical property is me...
What is unit of specific volume?
The specific volume is volume divided by mass. Which suggests that its units are volume per mass units, like liter per gram (L/g), cubic meter per...
What is specific volume?
Specific volume is a measurement of a material related to its volume and mass. It relates to solids, liquids, and gasses, and it quantifies the amount of space a certain mass of material occupies.
What happens to specific volume when you decrease volume?
Your specific volume decreased when you decreased the volume. If your container is made bigger, the specific volume is going to increase, and your density is going to decrease.
What is the molar mass of a gas?
Molar mass is in weight per moles (typically grams per mole (g/mol)) Specific volume is in liters per gram (L/g) So for an ideal gas, if the pressure increases, the whole gas is going to contract, which means the volume is going to get smaller. If the volume gets smaller, your specific volume will get smaller, too.
Does increasing the pressure increase the volume?
Increasing the pressure reduced your specific volume. Conversely, if you increase the temperature; you're going to expand the gas, and your specific volume is going to increase.
What is specific volume?
In thermodynamics, the specific volume of a substance (symbol: ν or#N#ν {displaystyle nu }#N#) is an intrinsic property of the substance, define d as the ratio of the substance's volume ( V) to its mass ( m ). It is the reciprocal of density ( ρ ):
How to find the specific volume of a gas?
If one sets out to determine the specific volume of an ideal gas, such as super heated steam , using the equation ν = RT/P , where pressure is 2500 lbf/in 2, R is 0.596, temperature is 1960 °R. In that case, the specific volume would equal 0.4672 in 3 /lb. However, if the temperature is changed to 1160 °R, the specific volume of the super heated steam would have changed to 0.2765 in 3 /lb, which is a 59% overall change.
What is the average density of blood?
The average density of human blood is 1060 kg/m 3. The specific volume that correlates to that density is 0.00094 m 3 /kg. Notice that the average specific volume of blood is almost identical to that of water: 0.00100 m 3 /kg.
What happens to the density of a gas if the size of the chamber remains constant?
If the size of the chamber remains constant and new atoms of gas are injected, the density increases and the specific volume decreases. If the size of the chamber remains constant and some atoms are removed, the density decreases and the specific volume increases.
What happens to the specific volume of a chamber when it expands?
If the chamber is made smaller without allowing gas in or out, the density increases and the specific volume decreases. If the chamber expands without letting gas in or out, the density decreases and the specific volume increases.
Is specific volume proportional to density?
Specific volume is inversely proportional to density . If the density of a substance doubles, its specific volume, as expressed in the same base units, is cut in half. If the density drops to 1/10 its former value, the specific volume, as expressed in the same base units, increases by a factor of 10.
How to find specific volume?
Specific Volume is the volume of the body per unit mass is calculated using specific_volume = Volume / Mass. To calculate Specific Volume, you need Volume (V) and Mass (m). With our tool, you need to enter the respective value for Volume and Mass and hit the calculate button. You can also select the units (if any) for Input (s) and the Output as well.
What is mass in science?
Mass - Mass is the quantity of matter in a body regardless of its volume or of any forces acting on it. (Measured in Kilogram)
What is the SI unit for specific volume?
It is the volume (in cubic meters) occupied by one kilogram. The SI unit for specific volume is m3kg-1.
How to calculate specific volume of displacement?
For this purpose, hydrometers are used. This displacement is divided by weight afterward to calculate the specific volume.
Intrinsic and Intensive
Table of Common Specific Volume Values
- Engineers and scientists typically refer to tables of specific volume values. These representative values are for standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is a temperature of 0 °C (273.15 K, 32 °F) and pressure of 1 atm. Substances marked with an asterisk (*) are not at STP. Since materials aren't always under standard conditions, there are also tables for materials that list sp…
Uses of Specific Volume
- Specific volume is most often used in engineering and in thermodynamics calculations for physics and chemistry. It is used to make predictions about the behavior of gases when conditions change. Consider an airtight chamber containing a set number of molecules: 1. If the chamber expands while the number of molecules remains constant, the gas density decreases a…
Specific Volume and Specific Gravity
- If the specific volumes of two substances are known, this information may be used to calculate and compare their densities. Comparing density yields specific gravityvalues. One application of specific gravity is to predict whether a substance will float or sink when placed on another substance. For example, if substance A has a specific volume of 0.358 cm3/g and substance B …
Example Calculation
- The pressure of a sample of steam is known to be 2500 lbf/in2at a temperature of 1960 Rankine. If the gas constant is 0.596 what is the specific volume of the steam? ν = RT / P ν = (0.596)(1960)/(2500) = 0.467 in3/lb
Sources
- Moran, Michael (2014). Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, 8th Ed. Wiley. ISBN 978-1118412930.
- Silverthorn, Dee (2016). Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach. Pearson. ISBN 978-0-321-55980-7.
- Walker, Jear (2010)l. Fundamentals of Physics, 9th Ed. Halliday. ISBN 978-0470469088.
Overview
In thermodynamics, the specific volume of a substance (symbol: ν or ) is an intrinsic property of the substance, defined as the ratio of the substance's volume (V) to its mass (m). It is the reciprocal of density (ρ) and it is related to the molar volume and molar mass:
The standard unit of specific volume is cubic meters per kilogram (m /kg), but other units include ft /lb, ft /slug, or mL/g.
Specific volume of solutions
The specific volume of a non-ideal solution is the sum of the partial specific volumes of the components:
M is the molar mass of the mixture.
Applications
Specific volume is commonly applied to:
• Molar volume
• Volume (thermodynamics)
• Partial molar volume
Imagine a variable-volume, airtight chamber containing a certain number of atoms of oxygen ga…
Application examples
If one sets out to determine the specific volume of an ideal gas, such as super heated steam, using the equation ν = RT/P, where pressure is 2500 lbf/in , R is 0.596, temperature is 1960 °R. In that case, the specific volume would equal 0.4672 in /lb. However, if the temperature is changed to 1160 °R, the specific volume of the super heated steam would have changed to 0.2765 in /lb, which is a 59% overall change.