What does PSR mean in dentistry?
It means "Periodontal Screening and Recording." We used PSR when I taught dental hygiene as a screening tool to help us determine if new patients to our clinic should be placed with a freshman or senior student. It is a screening device, not a full-mouth charting.
What is PSR index of periodontal probe?
A periodontal probe similar to the CPITN probe was used in PSR index which included a 0.5 mm diameter ball tip and a colored band extending from 3.5 mm to 5.5 mm from the tip. The description of PSR codes is as follows 56:
What is periodontal screening and recording™?
On October 6, 1993, the American Dental Association (ADA), with the endorsement of the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) and sponsorship by the Procter & Gamble Company (P&G), officially introduced Periodontal Screening and Recording™ (PSR) as the recommended system for the early detection of periodontal disease.
What is sextant in PSR exam?
Sextant: For PSR Exams, the mouth is divided into six section, or Sextants -three for the upper arch and three for the lower. Score: Number assigned that determines the overall health of that particular sextant from 0-4. Similarly, what is probing in dental hygiene?
How is PSR measured in dentistry?
The finding is determined using the periodontal probe and then read in to display the PSR. The teeth are divided into the sextants S1 to S6 for the PSR. For each of the sextants there is one measurement from the probe. The highest measured value is used as the PSR for the teeth allocated to the particular sextant.
What is PSR used for?
It has also been concluded that the PSR can be used as screening instrument for periodontal long-term care of patients with no attachment loss, thus validating the recommendations by the American Dental Association [6].
What PSR probing?
The PSR is a simple screening tool that is used to indicate basic guidance on further diagnostic and treatment need. It has been introduced by the American Dental Association & American Academy of Periodontology, as a modification of CPITN.
What is the purpose of periodontal screening and recording?
Periodontal Screening and Recording™ (PSR) is a diagnostic screening tool for the early detection of periodontal disease. The purposes of this study are to utilize PSR to estimate the periodontal health status of a representative military population and to compare the results with other studies of varying populations.
What are dental sextants?
[seks´tant] one of the six equal parts into which the dental arch may be divided: maxillary right, left, and anterior and mandibular right, left, and anterior.
How do you read a dental probing chart?
1:0322:35Periodontal Charting Procedure - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipThe chart is divided into millimeter markings which are an aid to marking the depth of prey DonaldMoreThe chart is divided into millimeter markings which are an aid to marking the depth of prey Donald pockets on the chart.
How often should a hygienist perio chart?
The AAP recommends annual periodontal charting/evaluation on all adult patients. Legal age considered for adulthood would be 18, but in many cases waiting until that age for the first periodontal chart to be recorded, a clinician will find themselves overlooking / documenting active infection.
How do you bleed probing?
To test for bleeding after probing, the probe is carefully introduced to the bottom of the pocket and gently moved laterally along the pocket wall. Sometimes bleeding appears immediately after the removal of the probe; other times it may be delayed for a few seconds.
At what age do you perio probe?
They said they use a probe starting at, on average, age 13, but the ages range from 5 to 21.
How do you do PSR?
To install and access PSR, select Start, type psr in the Start search box, and then select psr.exe in the search results.To record and save steps on the computer. Select Start Record. ... To annotate problem steps. Select Start Record. ... To adjust settings.
What is a six point periodontal charting?
Patients with BPE codes of 3, 4 and * require detailed periodontal charting. Six-point pocket charts should record probing depth and bleeding on probing (as well as recession, mobility and furcation involvement), at a minimum of all sites ≥4mm and bleeding on probing.
What is a full periodontal chart?
A Periodontal Chart is also referred to as a gum chart. It is a graphic chart dental professionals use for organizing the information about your gums. Periodontal charting is the best way to uncover the difference between patients that are periodontally healthy and those with periodontal disease.
What is a PSR score?
Sextant: For PSR Exams, the mouth is divided into six section, or Sextants -three for the upper arch and three for the lower. Score: Number assigned that determines the overall health of that particular sextant from 0-4.
How many sites can a PSR probe check?
Divide the mouth into sextants. Using the special PSR probe, check six sites on each tooth, but the worst finding in the sextant determines.
What are dental probes used for?
It is usually long, thin, and blunted at the end. The primary purpose of a periodontal probe is to measure pocket depths around a tooth in order to establish the state of health of the periodontium.
What are the Ramfjord teeth?
Ramfjord (1959) designated 6 index teeth for epidemioiogic studies of hu- man periodontai diseases . Teeth selected were the maxillary right and mandibu- lar left first molars, maxillary left and mandibular right first premolars, and maxillary left and mandibular right cen- tral incisors.
How much does periodontal surgery cost?
The cost of periodontal surgery varies greatly depending on the type of procedure and the severity of your disease. Gum disease treatments may cost between $500 and $10,000. Many insurances companies will cover at least part of the cost of periodontal surgery. Talk to your doctor if you can't afford the procedure.
What should a periodontal examination include?
A periodontal examination should include a periodontal probing, a radiographic analysis, a gingival index, mobility charting, and an evaluation of the amount of attached gingiva. These clinical exercises require simple instrumentation and a minimal amount of clinical calibration on the part of the examiner.
How do you test for periodontal disease?
Measure the pocket depth of the groove between your gums and teeth by placing a dental probe beside your tooth beneath your gumline, usually at several sites throughout your mouth. In a healthy mouth, the pocket depth is usually between 1 and 3 millimeters (mm). Pockets deeper than 4 mm may indicate periodontitis.
When was the oral hygiene index introduced?
This index was introduced by Podshadley and Haley 34 in 1968. It is used to assess individual oral hygiene performance. It is used to assess the remaining plaque and debris after the patient performs brushing. Its primary use is as a motivational and educational tool for the patient.
What is the purpose of indices in oral hygiene?
The assessment of oral hygiene with the help of indices helps the clinician to judge patient’s compliance to oral hygiene instructions and also act as a motivational tool for the patients. There are various oral hygiene indices used, including oral hygiene index, simplified oral hygiene index, modified patient hygiene performance index, plaque-free score index, oral health status index, etc. We shall discuss in detail the oral hygiene index and simplified oral hygiene index in the following sections.
What is the gingival index?
This index was given by Loe and Silness in 1963 44, designed to assess the severity and quality of gingival inflammation in an individual or population. The gingival inflammation is assessed on the basis of color, consistency and bleeding on probing. In this index, only gingival tissue is assessed. A blunt probe is used to assess the bleeding tendency of gingiva by running it along the soft tissue wall of the entrance of gingival sulcus. The gingiva surrounding the tooth is assessed at four sites: mesio-facial papilla, facial marginal gingiva, disto-facial papilla and lingual marginal gingiva. The lingual surface was not subdivided to minimize examiners’ variability in scoring.
What portion of the gingiva is numbered by the tooth?
Papillary gingiva: Papillary portion of gingiva between the teeth is numbered by the tooth just distal to it.
How many teeth are used for scoring?
Six teeth are used for scoring and scoring is confined to the gingival part of the facial and lingual surfaces of the index teeth. The scores are summed up for each tooth to assess plaque accumulation for each individual. The score is then divided by the maximum possible score and is then converted into a percentage.
Is pocket depth a valid indicator of periodontal disease?
Thus, pocket depth cannot be considered as a valid indicator of periodontal disease.
Why do we record all numbers on periodontal chart?
The reason he recommends recording all numbers is that if a jury of nondental individuals examines a periodontal chart that only has a few scattered numbers, it appears (to them) as an incomplete chart. Remember, in the eyes of the law, if it's not written in the chart, it never happened.
What is the responsibility of a dental hygienist?
Since most dentists depend on their hygienists to be vigilant with regard to periodontal charting and apprise them of any pocketing that is discovered, it is the hygienist's responsibility to ensure timely chartings are performed and recorded. It is a serious matter.
How many patients do hygienists check?
Three full-time hygienists mean approximately 30 patients to check throughout the day for one doctor, which is, no doubt, a daunting task. If you currently have only one assistant, she is probably maxed out time-wise assisting the doctor.
How often should periodontal charting be done?
According to Frank DeLuca, DDS, JD, the standard of care in dentistry for periodontal charting is a full mouth, six-point probing with ALL numbers recorded at a minimum of once per year for all adult patients.
Is PSR a full mouth chart?
PSR is not to be used instead of a full-mouth charting, because PSR is an incomplete charting at best. You mentioned writing "WNL" in the chart. This made me chuckle, as my good friend, Patti DiGangi, RDH, BS, says this really means "we never looked.".
Why do dental hygienists use periodontal probes?
Dental hygienists learn early on that the periodontal probe is essentially our greatest tool in the assessment of periodontal health. Periodontal probing creates a record of health or disease over time that dental hygienists can reference to, evaluate healing, or determine the possible need to implement a more aggressive treatment plan. Including dental radiographs, a complete periodontal evaluation allows us to compile important measurements and observations that builds a complete picture of a patient’s oral health.
Why is periodontal probing important?
Periodontal probing has gotten a bad rap for the tedious and time-consuming nature of the exam but provides invaluable information hygienists can use to motivate better home care and overall oral health. The periodontal probe allows evaluation of disease severity, progress, and the result of therapeutic efforts. It is an essential instrument in periodontal disease prevention and maintenance.
How to learn periodontal probing?
Begin education about periodontal probing with the basics. People learn in diverse ways, but there are many aids to help any patient understand structures of the periodontium and the progression of gingivitis to periodontitis. A simple hand mirror and demonstration of prob ing the patient’s periodontal pockets/ sulcus is a wonderful way to explain the exam while showing where and how measurements are obtained. Relatable analogies like comparing homes and their foundation, or wooden posts in concrete destroyed by termites, to periodontal disease and bacteria can also create a good visual interpretation. In addition, there are a plethora of 3D models, online media, and printable resources in relation to oral health and gum disease.
What is the best way to do periodontal charting?
There are a few options to make charting more efficient and easier to complete without assistance. A wireless USB number keypad is one of the most cost-effective options, using a universal USB connector, it is ergonomic and easy to barrier for use anywhere convenient while probing. The Dental R.A.T. (remote access terminal) is a foot-operated mouse that allows hands-free entry while periodontal charting that transmits with a wireless USB connection. To be completely free of input voice-activated periodontal charting programs, such as Dentrix VoicePro, are integrated or work with computer software and a headset to input spoken measurements. Both the Dental R.A.T. and most software similar to VoicePro include voiced or repeated measurements the patient can hear and might be useful in education.
