How is Primask used?
Explain how PRIMASK is used. The priority mask register (PRIMASK) prevents activation of all exceptions with configurable priority. Bit[31:1] of PRIMASK are reserved and there is no effect when Bit[0]=0, but it prevents the activation of all exceptions with configurable priority when Bit[0]=1.
What is Primask Faultmask and Basepri?
The PRIMASK, FAULTMASK, and BASEPRI registers are used for exception or interrupt masking. The PRIMASK register is a 1-bit wide interrupt mask register. When set, it blocks all exceptions (including interrupts) apart from the Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI) and the HardFault exception. Priority level “-1”!
What is the use of the Basepri register?
The base priority mask, an 8-bit register. BASEPRI changes the priority level required for exception preemption. It has an effect only when BASEPRI has a lower value than the unmasked priority level of the currently executing software.
What is MSP and PSP?
Main Stack Pointer (MSP) is the default stack pointer. It is used in the Thread mode when the CONTROL bit[1] (SPSEL) is 0, and it is always used in Handler mode. • Processor Stack Pointer (PSP) is used in Thread mode when the CONTROL bit[1] (SPSEL) is set to 1.
What is SP register?
The Stack Pointer (SP) register is used to indicate the location of the last item put onto the stack. When you PUT something ONTO the stack (PUSH onto the stack), the SP is decremented before the item is placed on the stack.
What is MSR in ARM?
MSR (ARM register to system coprocessor register)
What is APSR register?
The Application Program Status Register (APSR) holds the program status flags that are accessible in any processor mode. It holds copies of the N, Z, C, and V condition flags. The processor uses them to determine whether or not to execute conditional instructions.
What is the function of R15 register in Cortex-M3?
R15 The program counter: It has the current program address. This register can be written to control the program flow. Special Registers: The Cortex-M3 processor also has a number of special registers.
What is the function of status register?
The status register lets an instruction take action contingent on the outcome of a previous instruction. Typically, flags in the status register are modified as effects of arithmetic and bit manipulation operations. For example, a Z bit may be set if the result of the operation is zero and cleared if it is nonzero.
What is thread mode?
Thread mode is the normal mode that programs run in. Thread mode can be privileged or unprivileged software execution. Handler mode is the mode that exceptions are handled in. It is always privileged software execution.
Which register is MSP in ARM Cortex m3?
The Stack Pointer (SP) is register R13. In Thread mode, bit[1] of the CONTROL register indicates the stack pointer to use: 0 = Main Stack Pointer (MSP).
Which register is used to select register bank?
PSWD4 and D3 bits of the PSW are used to select the desired register bank, since they can be accessed by the bit addressable instructions SETB and CLR.
What is Primark known for?
Adored by fashion fans and value seekers alike, Primark is widely established as the destination store for keeping up with the latest looks without breaking the bank.
When did Primark open?
Simply put: Amazing Fashion at Amazing Prices. Primark opened its first store in Dublin in 1969, under the name Penneys. Today we operate in over 380 stores in thirteen countries throughout Europe and America.
Where is Primark located in 2020?
August 2020 – Warsaw, Poland. Primark enters its 13th market. To date the largest store that Primark operates worldwide is Birmingham High Street in England, which occupies a retail space of 160,000 sq ft (14,800 m²) spread over five floors.
When will Primark open in New Jersey?
September 2015 - Boston, USA. We now operate over 8 stores in the USA, with plans to open in American Dream, New Jersey by the end of 2019. Primark will also open its first store outside of the Northeastern Corridor, in Sawgrass Mills, Miami in 2020. April 2016 - Arese, Italy.
What is the market share of Primark?
Primark’s share of the value clothing market is much higher, ranking just behind Asda, with a market share of 13.5 percent. Among the clothing products offered by Primark, women's wear is the most popular category, with 11.9 million consumers in 2019.
Who owns Primark?
Primark is owned by the British food processing company Associated British Foods (ABF).
When was Primark founded?
Primark is a leading retailer specializing in the sale of clothing, accessories and footwear. The company was started in Dublin, Ireland in 1969 by the Weston family.
Where is Primark located?
Primark is now found in eleven countries throughout Europe and North America. Their largest store, covering five floors and 161,000 sq. ft., operates in Birmingham, England. Throughout Ireland, the retailer is branded under its original name of “Penney’s.”.
Who owns Primark?
Interestingly enough, this popular retailer is owned by Associated British Foods. The founder of Primark, Arthur Ryan, is still a chairman for the company.
What percentage of Primark products are produced by other companies?
98% Of the company’s manufacturers also produce products for other companies. Primark’s beauty brand PS has been praised by beauty influencers, including Huda Kattan who said to her 24 million Instagram followers that it was the “best thing she has discovered this year.”.
How many people did Primark kill?
Primark manufactured in the factory that collapsed and killed 1,134 people in Bangladesh. Nonetheless, they have positively been noted as one of the first companies to pay out compensation to victims and their families while many other companies involved in the collapse delayed their payouts.
Does Primark sell online?
Primark does not sell their products online. The company did a trial run selling online through ASOS but ended the partnership and did not continue sales through e-commerce due to shipping prices often exceeding the product’s retail price.
Is Primark a fast fashion brand?
Primark is a low-priced retailer carrying a wide range of product selection including homeware, women’s and men’s clothing , children’s, beauty, accessories, and more. The retailer is considered a fast-fashion brand, with competitors such as H&M and Zara.
Does Primark donate to Newlife?
Primark donates their unsold clothing throughout their European stores to the Newlife charity . To lower environment impact, they have created an Energy Reduction Group, and use their product delivery trucks to collect recyclable items from stores back to distribution centers to be recycled.
ARM Cortex-M, Interrupts and FreeRTOS: Part 1
The ARM Cortex-M microcontroller are very popular. And it has a very flexible and powerful nested vectored interrupt controller (NVIC) on it. But for many, including myself, the Cortex-M interrupt system can be leading to many bugs and lots of frustration :- (.
Introduction
FreeRTOS is probably the most popular operating system for microcontroller. It supports many different architectures, including the ARM Cortex-M architectures.
Interrupt Vectors
The ARM Cortex-M is using a NVIC (Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller). The ‘vectored’ means that it uses a vector table, shown for M0/M0+ and M4/M4 below:
Interrupts Priorities
The ARM Cortex-M core is using a rather confusing interrupt priority numbering: numerically low values are used to specify logically high interrupt priorities. Or in other words: the lower the number, the higher the urgency.
Priority Bits
The priority of the exception/interrupt is assigned with a 8bit priority register, and the number of bits implemented is up to the vendor implementation. ARM specifies a minimum of 2 bits for the M0/M0+ and 3 bits for M3/M4/M7.
Shifted Priority Bits
The implemented priority bits are ‘left-aligned’: this keeps priority values compatible between different implementations:
NVIC Interrupt Configuration
The NVIC offers several registers to configure the interrupts. On the M0/M0+ there are the following
Overview
Primark is an Irish multinational fast fashion retailer with headquarters in Dublin, Ireland. It is a subsidiary of Associated British Foods and has stores across Europe and in the United States. The Penneys brand is not used outside of Ireland because it is owned elsewhere by American retailer J. C. Penney.
History
The company's first store, named Penneys and still in operation, was established by Arthur Ryan in June 1969 on behalf of the Weston family (who had founded Associated British Foods in 1935) at 47 Mary Street in Dublin. Success in the Republic of Ireland led to expansion into Northern Ireland, with Penneys opening a large store in Belfast City Centre in 1971.
The company subsequently expanded outside of Ireland with a Primark store in Derby, England, i…
Products
Primark offers a diverse range of products, including: baby and children's clothing, womenswear, menswear, homeware, accessories, footwear, beauty products and confectionery. The chain sells clothes at prices below those typically charged.
From 2014, Primark began selling makeup products. Primark started selling vegan snacks from January 2018. Laura O' Sullivan, co-founder of Primark, expressed her support of the new snacks.
Stores
As of 2020 , Primark owned 384 stores in 13 countries.
The company's first store, still in operation, was opened in June 1969 on 47 Mary Street, Dublin under the Penneys brand, which continues to be the company's trading name in the Republic of Ireland. Penneys opened its first store in Northern Ireland in 1971, with a large store in Belfast City Centre. The company opened its first store outside of the island of Ireland in Derby, England, in 1…
Controversies
In 2006, Primark joined the Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI), a collaborative organisation bringing together businesses, trades unions and NGOs to work on labour rights issues in their supply chains. ETI members commit to working towards the implementation of a code of conduct based on the International Labour Organization's core conventions.
In December 2008, the UK charity War on Want launched a new report, Fashion Victims II, that sh…
Gallery
• Primark store at Gran Vía in Madrid, the second largest in the chain
• Primark in the Former Lewis's Building in Manchester city centre
• Primark in Aqua Shopping Centre, Portimão, Algarve region, Portugal.
External links
• Official website