What does PMESII PT stand for?
OPERATIONAL VARIABLES (PMESII-PT) 2-42. The Army’s increased capability to integrate virtual, gaming, and constructive simulations with live training, along with the increased need for joint and multi-echelon training, requires exercise planners to develop a detailed and consistent OE for each training event.
What is the military variable from the PMESII?
Particularly for the military, this is an important component. Uprisings among the population are a crucial part of many freedom missions. For this reason, security agencies have a complete and reliable view of whatever is going on on a political level. The military variable from the PMESII-PT focuses on the military environment of an OE.
What is a PME course in the military?
Professional Military Ed- ucation (PME) courses in this level for officer personnel include the Intermediate Level Education Course (ILE) and the Warrant Officer Staff Course (WOSC). PME courses in this level for NCO personnel include the Structured Self Development (SSD) Level 3 and Senior Leader Course (SLC).
What is PMESII-PT?
Definition, example and more | toolshero PMESII-PT is an acronym developed in the army of the United States and stands for Political, Military, Economic, Social, Information, Infrastructure, Physical Environment, and Time. PMESII-PT is a tool that is used to help users organise large amounts of operations information.
What does Pmesii-PT mean?
The Army uses operational variables of political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, physical environment, and time (PMESII-PT) to analyze and describe the conditions of an OE.
What is Pmesii ascope used for?
What is PMESII/ASCOPE? PMESII and ASCOPE are analysis methodologies commonly utilized in defense and military environments to analyze an operational environment. Combining the two in a matrix provides a powerful tool to defense and military personnel seeking to analyse and understand an operational environment.
What is Pmesii-PT and Mett TC?
- PMESII-PT: Political, Military, Economic, Social, Information, Infrastructure, Physical Environment and Time (Operational Variables). - METT-TC: Mission, Enemy, Troops, Terrain, Time and Civil Considerations (Mission Variables).
What are the 8 operational variables?
They analyze and describe an operational environment in terms of eight interrelated operational variables: political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, physical environment, and time (PMESII-PT).
What does ASCOPE stand for Army?
ASCOPE. Area Structures Capabilities Organizations People and Events (characteristics of civil considerations during a military campaign)
What is CCIR Army?
Commander's critical information requirements (CCIR) assist the commander in making timely and effective decisions. CCIR identifies reconnaissance objectives and drives the commander's reconnaissance guidance.
What does Mett TC stand for?
METT-TC factors (Mission, Enemy, Terrain & Weather, Troops, Time Available and Civil Considerations) represent the canonical, militarily significant background against which information is evaluated and military decisions are made.
Why is Mett TC important?
It's used primarily by the U.S. Army as a framework to aid its warriors in analyzing a situation, prioritizing key aspects, and then planning accordingly to achieve success.
What are the 8 elements of combat power?
To execute combined arms operations, commanders conceptualize capabilities in terms of combat power. Combat power has eight elements: leadership, information, mission command, movement and maneuver, intelligence, fires, sustainment, and protection.
What are the operation variables?
Operational variables (or operationalizing definitions) refer to how you will define and measure a specific variable as it is used in your study. This enables another psychologist to replicate your research and is essential in establishing reliability (achieving consistency in the results).
What are the 8 OE variables Army?
The eight OE variables—political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, physical environment, and time—provide a valuable lens through which to analyze conditions in the strategic environment.
What is a operational variable military?
Operational Variables. Using Army design methodology, as applicable, Army planners analyze an operational environment in terms of eight interrelated operational variables: political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, physical environment, and time (PMESII-PT). Mission Variables. METT-TC. Mission.
Understanding PMESII-PT
PMESII-PT was developed by the United States Army as means of executing strategy in foreign countries with high complexity and uncertainty. This enables soldiers to analyze and then describe the conditions of their operating environment according to a mix of variables.
The six operational variables of PMESII-PT
According to PMESII-PT, there are eight mutually connected operational variables:
Key takeaways
PMESII-PT helps businesses assess large amounts of complex and inter-related operations information.
What does PMESII-PT stand for?
PMESII-PT is an acronym developed in the military of the United States and stands for Political, Military, Economic, Social, Information, Infrastructure, Physical Environment, and Time.
What is JIPOE in military?
Joint Intelligence Preparation of the Operational Environment (JIPOE) is a valuable methodology focusing intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) for the commander and the commander's supporting command and control (C2) elements by getting “inside” the enemy's decision-making cycle.
What does DIMEFIL stand for?
DIMEFIL stands for Diplomatic, Information, Military, Economic, Financial, Intelligence and Law Enforcement (Elements of National Power; US DoD) Suggest new definition.
What is the Army's capacity for physical destruction?
27. The capacity for physical destruction is fundamental to all other military capabilities and the most basic building block for military operations. Army leaders organize, equip, train, and employ their formations for unmatched lethality under a wide range of conditions. Lethality is a persistent requirement for Army organizations, even in conditions where only the implicit threat of violence suffices to accomplish the mission through nonlethal engagements and activities. The capability for the lawful and expert application of lethal force builds the foundation for effective offensive, defensive, and stability operations.
What is the purpose of Army preparation?
44. Preparation consists of activities that units perform to improve their ability to execute an operation. Army forces cannot train for every possible mission; they prepare for decisive action with emphasis on the most likely mix of tasks.
What are Army leaders responsible for?
47. Army leaders are responsible for clearly articulating their concept of operations in time, space, purpose, and resources . An established framework and associated vocabulary assist greatly in this task. Army leaders are not bound by any specific framework for conceptually organizing operations, but three have proven valuable in the past. Leaders often use these conceptual frameworks in combination. For example, a commander may use the deep-close-security framework to describe the operation in time and space, the decisive-shaping-sustaining framework to articulate the operation in terms of purpose, and the main and supporting efforts framework to designate the shifting prioritization of resources. These operational frameworks apply equally to tactical actions in the area of operations.
What is synchronization in military?
32. Synchronization is the arrangement of military actions in time, space, and purpose to produce maximum relative combat power at a decisive place and time (JP 2-0). It is the ability to execute multiple, related, and mutually supporting tasks in different locations at the same time, producing greater effects than executing each task in isolation. For example, in a tactical action, the synchronization of intelligence collection, obstacles, direct fires, and indirect fires results in the destruction of an enemy formation. In an operation, the synchronization of forces employed along multiple lines of operations temporarily disrupts the enemy organization and allows for exploitation. Information networks greatly enhance the potential for synchronization by—
What is the Army's role in integration?
Army leaders are responsible for integrating Army operations within this larger effort. Integration involves efforts to exercise inform and influence activities with joint, interagency, and multinational partners as well as efforts to conform Army capabilities and plans to the larger concept. Army leaders seek to use Army capabilities to complement those of their joint, interagency, and multinational partners. These leaders depend on those partners to provide capabilities that supplement or are not organic to Army forces. Effective integration requires creating shared understanding and purpose through collaboration with all elements of the friendly force.
What is the Army's core competency?
When applying the Army’s core competencies, Army leaders are guided by the mission command philosophy—the exercise of authority and direction by the commander using mission orders to enable disciplined initiative within the commander’s intent to empower agile and adaptive leaders in the conduct of unified land operations. The ability of Army forces to combine its core competencies into a fluid mix of offensive, defensive, and stability operations depends on a philosophy of command that emphasizes broad mission-type orders, individual initiative within the commander’s intent, and leaders who can anticipate and adapt quickly to changing conditions.
What is combined arms maneuver?
Combined arms maneuver is the application of the elements of combat power in unified action to defeat enemy ground forces; to seize, occupy, and defend land areas; and to achieve physical, temporal, and psychological advantages over the enemy to seize and exploit the initiative. It exposes enemies to friendly combat power from unexpected directions and prevents an effective enemy response. Wide area security is the application of the elements of combat power in unified action to protect populations, forces, infrastructure, and activities; to deny the enemy positions of advantage; and to consolidate gains in order to retain the initiative. Offensive, defensive, and stability operations each requires
What is the Army's institutional training domain?
The Army’s institutional training domain includes but is not limited to Centers of Excellence (CoE), training base centers, schools, academies, and related programs that provide initial training and subsequent professional military education and training for Soldiers, Army leaders, and Department of the Army Civilians (DAC). The OEE leverages technology-enabled learning for individual and collective experiences and expertise, as well as Army doctrine, concepts, and capabilities development with robust, realistic, and relevant OE conditions.
What is OEE in the Army?
The Operational Environment Enterprise (OEE) is an integrated training environment (ITE) resource that leverages technologyenabled presentations and other information for individual and collective learning - experiences and expertise, as well as Army concepts and capabilities development with robust, realistic, and relevant OE conditions. The support provided by the OEE reaches across all Army learning domains with
What is the Addie process?
describes, in general, the instructional design process of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) and important considerations for how to integrate OE conditions into that design. The chapter provides a step-by-step guide to each phase of the ADDIE process and includes an exemplary vignette to facilitate understanding.
How does the Army use variables?
The Army uses variables of political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, operational physical environment, and time (PMESII-PT) to analyze and describe the conditions of an OE. These operational variables influence each other to varied degrees dependent on time and in a particular conditions continuum of actions. An OE is complex and uncertain as variables increase or decrease in apparent or confirmed importance and effects. The dynamic nature of an OE is an essential consideration in how to train, educate, and self-develop Army members and leaders as adaptive, flexible, and versatile decisionmakers. The Army—people—must be proficient in shaping conditions in support of military plans and operations, and respond effectively to subtle or rapid changes in OE conditions in order to accomplish Army missionan in the context of unified action requirements and directives. The U.S. Army must demonstrate progressive expertise in operational adaptability. (See figure2.)
What is a TC in Army?
This training circular (TC) outlines a methodology for the incorporation of an Operational Environment (OE) to support institutional, lane training, and Home Station Training. It describes training development procedures and methodologies, responsibilities, and analysis for those who develop lesson plans, training support packages, as well as those who plan and control Army situational training exercises or “lane training” exercises intended as a culminating or capstone training event that critically assess unit-training status. The objective of exercise design is to structure a training event that establishes the conditions to facilitate performance-oriented training on properly selected, directed, and mission essential training objectives. The references section of this TC contains a listing of publications pertaining and relating to this publication. The glossary contains abbreviations and special terms used in this TC. This TC is a planning and design tool that significantly enhances a training developer or an exercise planner’s ability to produce training and educational documentation incorporating an operational environment (OE) that achieves desired learning or unit training objectives. This TC provides the training developer and exercise plan- ner with a backbone methodology for scenario development and establishment of the exercise OE. The ap- proach to exercise design and analysis is sequential and structured to get the planner to the “bottom-line” as quickly as possible. Figure 1 shows the OE tools necessary and available for the design of various training and education products as well as a training exercise. While the process is sequential, many of the steps and procedures are developed concurrently and may overlap (see chapter 2). This TC is meant to be used in conjunction with the 7-100 series as well as the other publications listed in figure 1. These tools can be found at https://www.us.army.mil/suite/files/14705412. Together, these tools outline conditions and Hybrid Threats that can cover the full range of military and paramilitary capabilities against which the Army must train to ensure success in the types of OEs it can expect to encounter now and in the clearly foreseeable future.
What is EW in military?
Electronic warfare(EW) is activities conducted to control or deny the enemy’s use of the electro- magnetic spectrum, while ensuring its use by the OPFOR. EW capabilities allow an actor to exploit, deceive, degrade, disrupt, damage, or destroy sensors, processors, and C2 nodes.
What is Army training?
Army training consists of tasks, conditions, and standards. The conditions for Army training events are comprisedof realistic, relevant, and challenging OE and OPFOR influences that must be present to develop leaders and achieveunit training objectives.
What is an OE in the military?
An OE is a composite of the conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect theemployment of capabilities and bear on the decisions of the commander (Joint Publication (JP) 3–0). Army DoctrinePublication (ADP) 3–0 and Army Doctrine Reference Publication (ADRP) 3–0 describe the OE in terms of eight
What is the purpose of combat power?
The application of the elements of combat power in unified action to protect populations, forces, infrastructure, andactivities; to deny the enemy positions of advantage; and to consolidate gains in order to retain the initiative.
Environmental Factors of The PMESII-PT Analysis
- The PMESII-PT analysis teaches us that there are eight mutually connected operational variables that must be analysed in order to analyse the operational environment.
PMESII-PT Summary
- Although the PMESII-PT Analysis was developed for and by the military, it can also be applied to organisational environments in the business world. The variables from the PEST Analysisare also included here, as well as additional factors, such as information and the physical environment of the organisation. All the factors combined define the state of an Operational Environment. The P…
Now It’S Your Turn
- What do you think? Can you apply the PMESII-PT Analysis in your operational environment? Do you recognise the above or do you have anything to add? What do you believe are factors that complete the analysis for the external environment? Share your experience and knowledge in the comments box below.
More Information
- Ducote, B. M. (2010). Challenging the Application of PMESII-PT in a Complex Environment.ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES.
- Hartley, D. S. (2015). DIME/PMESII Models. In Conflict and Complexity (pp. 111-136). Springer, New York, NY.
- Ducote, B. M. (2010). Challenging the Application of PMESII-PT in a Complex Environment.ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES.
- Hartley, D. S. (2015). DIME/PMESII Models. In Conflict and Complexity (pp. 111-136). Springer, New York, NY.
- Clark, R. M. (2016).Intelligence analysis: a target-centric approach. CQ press.
Political
- This describes the political power, structure, and hierarchy within the operational environment (OE). Power may be divided among government or state institutions that exert their influence over tax and trade policy and dictate the level of political stability. At the organizational level, power means the ability to make decisions. Who holds ultimate sway over the direction of the compan…
Military
- In the original interpretation of the PMESII-PT analysis, the military variable described the capabilities of all relevant actors (enemy, friendly, or neutral) within the OE. For the organization, these actors should be identified in the context of a specific industry. Some leaders may even choose to perform a SWOT analysisat this point to compleme...
Economic
- This encompasses the behavior of individuals or groups toward the production, distribution, or consumption of resources. Note that these factors may impact international trade, law enforcement, foreign aid, and financial management. Do illegal economic activities exist within the OE? What is the nature of the banking system? What is the basis of the economy? Is it base…
Social
- What is the ethnic, cultural, or religious composition of the operating environment? That is, what are the beliefs, values, and customs that are practiced by members of society? Cultural and religious backgrounds can impact organizational procedures and processes. The business model and the business itself must be sensitive to the social norms present in a community. For exam…
Information
- The information variable describes the nature, scope, and traits of those who collect, process, disseminate, and act on information. Today, the dissemination of information occurs mostly online with social media a particular focus. However, traditional media is still an influence and should not be overlooked: 1. What is the role of the media? 2. Is access to valid information unre…
Infrastructure
- Infrastructure describes the facilities or services that sustain the efficient functioning of a community or society as a whole. In business, the infrastructure variable might describe research and development prowess, technological capability, and IT operations. It also describes resources key to businessoperations, such as electricity, water, transportation, and a capable workforce. It’…
Physical Environment
- On the macro level, the physical environment describes the climate, weather, geography, biohazards, rivers, and other natural resources of the operating environment. Businesses must pay particular attention to the resources that comprise their raw materials and the potential for disasters such as heatwaves, floods, and hurricanes to occur in the operating environment. How…
Time
- What is the timing or duration of activities or events within the OE? How is the timing or duration viewed by various actors? For example, do business hours reflect the needs of the target audience? How can the businesstake advantage of holidays, major events, or sales periods such as Black Friday? In a military context, the time variable influences military operations that have t…