Outage is the free space left in a tanker to allow for expansion of the liquid from temperature changes. Because the liquid may expand when it becomes warm, you will need to leave an air gap. How should you drive on curves with a tanker vehicle? Slow down before the curve, then accelerate through the curve.
What do you mean by outage?
Definition of outage 1 : a quantity or bulk of something lost in transportation or storage 2 a : a failure or interruption in use or functioning b : a period of interruption especially of electric current
What is the outage gauge?
The Outage (or Top gauging) method will tell you the measurement of the part of the tank that is NOT filled with liquid (the level that has been taken out, or the “ullage”). Because the exact top of the liquid is hard to find, the graduated plumb bob is lowered slowly from the reference point just until it comes into contact with the liquid.
What is the outage requirement when hauling liquids?
Since different liquids expand by different amounts, they require different amounts of outage. As a Liquid Tanker driver you must know the outage requirement when hauling liquids in bulk. In addition, a full tank of dense liquid (such as some acids) may exceed legal weight limits.
Do empty tankers take longer to stop?
Remember: As with most other types of commercial trucks, empty tankers will take longer to stop than those which are fully loaded. A partition or separator within a liquid tank, used to inhibit the flow of fluids within the tank.
What does outage mean on a tanker truck?
Free space left in a tanker to allow for expansion of the liquid from temperature changes. Because the liquid may expand when it becomes warm, you will need to leave room (outage) in the tanker.
What are baffles on a tanker?
Used in tanker trucks and tanker ships, baffles are angled dividers with holes that slow down the front-to-back sloshing and movement of the tanker's liquid cargo.
What is surge in a tanker?
Liquid surge results from movement of the liquid in partially filled tanks. This movement can have bad effects on handling. For example, when coming to a stop, the liquid will surge back and forth. When the wave hits the end of the tank, it tends to push the truck in the direction the wave is moving.
How do you offload a tanker?
0:082:18Drop Tanker Unloading Procedure - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipOpen then turn the key clockwise to start once the engine is running and warmed up you can open theMoreOpen then turn the key clockwise to start once the engine is running and warmed up you can open the discharge line be sure the discharge hose is securely connected to the source tank.
What is a bulkhead in a tanker?
Bulkheads – use a solid divider to divide a liquid tanker into several smaller tanks. When loading, and unloading the smaller tanks, the driver must pay attention to weight distribution for the dividers are solid.
What is a bulkhead and a baffle?
The baffles help to control the forward and backward liquid surge. Baffles divide the main tank into smaller tanks, and bulkheads just slow the flow of liquid to prevent liquid surge.
What is surge pressure in ship?
A pressure surge is generated in a pipeline system when there is an abrupt change in the rate of flow of liquid in the line. In tanker operations it is most likely to occur as a result of one of the following during loading: Closure of an automatic shut down valve. Slamming shut of a shore non-return valve.
What is the purpose of surge vessel?
Surge vessels are important assets in the water treatment process, though incorrect maintenance and management can lead to issues in the supply of drinking water. The main purpose of the surge vessel is to maintain the correct pressure whilst water is transmitted to the mains networks.
When driving a tanker what should you do?
Be extremely cautious (slow and careful) in driving smooth bore tanks, especially when starting and stopping. Never load a cargo tank totally full. Liquids expand as they warm and you must leave room for the expanding liquid.
How do tanker trucks unload?
Unloading Procedure Attach the unloading hose after you uncap the discharge connection. Confirm that all receiving valves are closed before you attach the discharge hose to the appropriate receiving line and the right tank. Only the tank receiving the product should be open while other adjoining tanks should be closed.
How long does it take to unload a tanker?
Depending on pump and hose capacity, vessel tank offloading can take up to 24 hours. Safety in operations is vital, as is accurate measurement to avoid disputes, particularly when terminals share moorings.
How are oil tankers loaded?
The basis of the Submerged Turret Loading system is the buoy moored to the seabed. The buoy is pulled into and secured in a mating cone in the bottom of the vessel and thus connecting the mooring system. Internal in the float is the turret connection (toranj) to the mooring and riser systems.
What happens if a bob hits the bottom of a tank?
Also, if the bob hits the bottom of the tank with too much force, it can damage or puncture the tank. (We have a new plumb bob that has a rubber end tip to help avoid this kind of damage). When the tape is reeled back up the depth of the liquid in the tank is read where the tape is wet (like a dipstick in a car).
What is the zero point of an innage gauging tape?
Innage oil gauging tapes are used with Innage plumb bobs. The zero point of an Innage gauging tape is at the bottom of the bob.
Why is there nothing in an unbaffled tank?
There is nothing inside an unbaffled tank to slow down the flow of the liquid. Unbaffled tanks are usually associated with food grade tanks as sanitation regulations forbid the use of baffles due to the difficulty in cleaning the tank.
What happens when a wave hits a tank?
When the wave hits the end of the tank, it tends to push the truck in the direction the wave is moving. If the truck is on a slippery surface such as ice, the wave can shove a stopped truck out into an intersection. The driver of a liquid tanker must be very familiar with the handling of the vehicle.
What is a baffled tank?
Baffled liquid tanks have bulkheads in them with holes that let the liquid flow through. The baffles help to control the forward and backward liquid surge. Side-to-side surge can still occur. This can cause a roll over.
How are liquid tanks divided?
Some liquid tanks are divided into several smaller tanks by bulkheads. When loading and unloading the smaller tanks, the driver must pay attention to weight distribution. Do not put too much weight on the front or rear of the vehicle.
What is liquid surge?
Liquid Surge. Liquid surge results from movement of the liquid in partially filled tanks. This movement can have bad effects on handling. For example, when coming to a stop, the liquid will surge back and forth. When the wave hits the end of the tank, it tends to push the truck in the direction the wave is moving.
How to drive a tank vehicle safely?
8.3 Safe Driving Rules. To drive tank vehicles safely, you must follow all safe driving rules: Drive smoothly - Because of the high center of gravity and the surge of the liquid, you must start, slow down and stop very smoothly. Also, make smooth turns and lane changes. Brak ing - If you must make a quick stop to avoid an accident, ...
What happens if you skid a trailer?
If you do, your vehicle may skid. On tank trailers, if your drive wheels or trailer wheels begin to skid, your vehicle may jackknife. When any vehicle starts to skid, you must take action to restore traction to the wheels.
