what is native intellectual ability

Native intellectual ability is a term that refers to human intellect divorced from racial, cultural, and educational features.

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How do we define intellectual ability?

As you can see, any discussion of intellectual ability relies on a few different concepts. The first of these is perception, or the ability to take input from our senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste).

What is indigenous cultural and intellectual property?

This property includes cultural knowledge of their groups and many aspects of their cultural heritage and knowledge, including that held in oral history. In Australia, the term Indigenous cultural and intellectual property, abbreviated as ICIP, is commonly used.

What factors contribute to the level of an individual's intellectual ability?

Memory, creative problem solving and vocabulary also contribute to the level of an individual's intellectual ability.

Can We put a number on intellectual ability?

Since the late 19th century, scientists have been working their hardest to find a way to understand intellectual ability and put a number on it. There are many tests we use currently to rate intellectual ability, some of which you may have even taken.

What are native abilities?

A native ability or characteristic is one that a person or thing has naturally and is part of their basic character: his native wit. Synonym. innate.

What is the meaning intellectual ability?

“Intellectual ability” is exceptional capability or potential recognized through cognitive processes (e.g., memory, reasoning, rate of learning, spatial reasoning, ability to find and solve problems, ability to manipulate abstract ideas and make connections, etc.). [

What are examples of intellectual abilities?

Examples of intellectual capacity include memory, verbal comprehension, reasoning, analysis, problem-solving, and reasoning skills.

What are the different types of intellectual abilities?

Types of intellectual ability are number attitude, verbal comprehension, perceptual speed, inductive reasoning, deductive reasoning, and memory.

What is intellectual ability?

Intellectual ability refers to the skills required to think critically, see connections between disciplines and problem solve in new or changing situations. Memory, creative problem solving and vocabulary also contribute to the level of an individual's intellectual ability. While scientists differ on one standard definition of intellectual ability, ...

Why is memory important in intellectual development?

The ability to recall and memorize information plays a role in intellectual ability. A good memory helps individuals solve problems more effectively , but stressful situations and lifestyle choices can also affect memory. Individuals can improve their memory to help boost certain aspects of intellectual ability.

What is the ability to apply creative, novel solutions to a given problem?

The ability to apply creative, novel solutions to a given problem indicates a high level of intellectual ability. When presented with a difficult and new situation, someone with a high degree of intellectual ability shows a greater ability to understand the problem and comes up with adequate solutions. Scientists identify two types of intelligence -- fluid and crystallized intelligence. Fluid intelligence refers to the ability to solve novel problems and respond to situations. Crystallized intelligence relies upon experience, developed skills and previously learned knowledge to solve a problem. Both fluid and crystallized intelligence contribute to an individual's ability to solve problems.

What are the two types of intelligence?

Scientists identify two types of intelligence -- fluid and crystallized intelligence. Fluid intelligence refers to the ability to solve novel problems and respond to situations. Crystallized intelligence relies upon experience, developed skills and previously learned knowledge to solve a problem. Both fluid and crystallized intelligence contribute ...

What percentage of differences in intelligence are genetic?

The results showed that more than 40 percent of the differences in intelligence existed due to genetic variations. The remaining differences in intelligence resulted from environmental factors and genes that the researchers couldn't capture.

Is intellectual ability inheritable?

Research indicates that intellectual ability is partially inheritable. A research team from the University of Edinburgh compared DNA from more than 3,500 people that took an intelligence test. The study concentrated on fluid and crystallized intelligence. The results showed that more than 40 percent of the differences in intelligence existed due to genetic variations. The remaining differences in intelligence resulted from environmental factors and genes that the researchers couldn't capture. Scientists at Kings College in London discovered a gene that appears linked to intellectual ability. Researchers discovered that individuals with a high-functioning NPTN gene tended to perform better on intelligence tests. Those with a high-functioning NPTN gene also showed evidence of a thicker cerebral cortex, a portion of the brain linked to intelligence.

What is the purpose of the WAIS IV?

The WAIS-IV and its predecessors have long been used as a core component of neuropsychological evaluations for several purposes: 1. To obtain an overall measure of general intellectual ability (or “g ”) by which to compare specific cognitive functions.

What are the major domains of neuropsychology?

The major domains to be surveyed include general intellectual ability, attention, executive functioning and comportment, memory, language, visuospatial abilities, motor functioning, and mood/personality. As a prelude to test administration, it is imperative to establish the integrity of sensation and perception because impairments in these areas can invalidate the results of examination. For example, it would be incorrect to conclude that a patient has a receptive language impairment when, in fact, there is a primary hearing deficit.

What is gifted student?

Gifted students are those who have superior general intellectual ability as revealed by intelligence and achievement tests and teacher ratings of their classroom performance. Talented students excel in one or more areas, such as science, mathematics, writing, arts, leadership, or technology, and are identified with tests, rating scales, portfolios, ...

What is the IQ of a eskimos?

Line 20 gives an IQ of 91 for Eskimos from North America, from 15 studies in Alaska and Canada. Line 21 gives an IQ of 99 for Europeans, this is the average of 66 studies in 25 countries (this median excludes the Balkans, which are mixed areas with South Asia). Line 22 gives an IQ of 99 for Europeans outside Europe, from 23 studies in 12 countries.

What is the IQ of the Amerindians?

Line 18 gives an IQ of 86 for Amerindians in North America, from 19 studies. Line 19 gives the same IQ of 86 for Amerindians in Latin America, from 9 studies from 5 countries. The IQ of 86 is adopted as the best estimate of the IQ of the Amerindians. Line 20 gives an IQ of 91 for Eskimos from North America, from 15 studies in Alaska and Canada.

What is the IQ of South Asians?

The IQs of South Asians and North Africans are quite uniform, ranging from 84 to 91. Line 14 gives an IQ of 85 for Pacific Islanders, from 14 samples. Line 15 gives an IQ of 90 from 12 studies for Pacific Island Maori (Pacific Islanders) in New Zealand. The reason why the Pacific Islanders’ IQ is higher in New Zealand is probably ...

What is the IQ of a line 17?

Line 17 gives an IQ of 93 for Southeast Asians in the United States and the Netherlands. The reason why their I.Q is higher than in South Asia is probably that there have been some selective migrations and that the living conditions are higher. Line 18 gives an IQ of 86 for Amerindians in North America, from 19 studies.

What is the IQ of a bushman?

Line 1 gives a median IQ of 54 for Bushmen of the Kalahari desert from three studies in which the IQ ranges from 48 to 62. This corresponds to the mental age of an 8-year-old European. Lines 2 and 3 give an IQ of 62 and 63 for Aborigines in Australia and New Guinea.

Why is the IQ of Pacific Islanders higher in New Zealand?

The reason why the Pacific Islanders’ IQ is higher in New Zealand is probably that they enjoy a higher standard of living because they live in a European-run country. For this reason, the IQ of 85 is adopted as the Pacific Islanders’ best I.Q estimation.

Which line gives the same IQ as Africans?

Line 7 gives the same IQ of 85 for Africans in the Netherlands, derived from 7 studies. Line 8 gives an almost identical IQ of 86 for Africans in Great Britain, coming from 18 studies. Thus, Africans outside Africa get higher IQs than Africans in Africa. There are two explanations for this.

What is indigenous intellectual property?

Indigenous intellectual property is an umbrella legal term used in national and international forums to identify indigenous peoples ' claims of collective intellectual property rights to protect specific cultural knowledge of their groups.

What rights do indigenous peoples have?

They also have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their intellectual property over such cultural heritage, traditional knowledge, and traditional cultural expressions. In conjunction with indigenous peoples, States shall take effective measures to recognize and protect the exercise of these rights.

What is traditional cultural expression?

"Traditional cultural expressions" is a phrase used by the World Intellectual Property Organization to refer to " any form of artistic and literary expression in which traditional culture and knowledge are embodied. They are transmitted from one generation to the next, and include handmade textiles, paintings, stories, legends, ceremonies, music, songs, rhythms and dance."

Where did the indigenous people of Asia meet?

Indigenous people of Asia met at Tambunan, Sabah, East Malaysia, to assert rights of self-determination, and to express concern about, and fear of, the threat unfamiliar 'western' intellectual property rights systems may pose to them.

Where was the meeting of indigenous peoples held?

A regional meeting was held at Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia, where indigenous peoples from the South America's concerned about the way internationally prevailing intellectual property systems and regimes appeared to be favouring the appropriation of indigenous peoples' knowledge and resources for commercial purposes, agreed:

When did intertribal groups organize demonstrations against non-Native use of Native American cultural elements?

Since the 1970s , Intertribal groups in North American have organized demonstrations against non-Native use of Native American cultural elements; such as the sale of products and services allegedly derived from Indigenous knowledge:

When was the Declaration of Rights of Indigenous Peoples adopted?

United Nations General Assembly 2003. At the United Nation's General Assembly's 61st session, on 13 September 2007, an overwhelming majority of members resolved to adopt the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.

What was the debate about black intelligence in the 1950s?

As the desegregation of the American South gained traction in the 1950s, debate about black intelligence resurfaced. Audrey Shuey, funded by Draper's Pioneer Fund, published a new analysis of Yerkes' tests, concluding that black people really were of inferior intellect to white people.

Who proposed ethics of research on race and intelligence?

The ethics of research on race and intelligence has long been a subject of debate: in a 1996 report of the American Psychological Association; in guidelines proposed by Gray and Thompson and by Hunt and Carlson; and in two editorials in Nature in 2009 by Steven Rose and by Stephen J. Ceci and Wendy M. Williams.

What is the significance of Frederick Douglass's claim of differences in intelligence between races?

Claims of differences in intelligence between races have been used to justify colonialism, slavery, racism, social Darwinism, and racial eugenics.

Why is the study of intelligence controversial?

The study of human intelligence is one of the most controversial topics in psychology, in part because of difficulty reaching agreement about the meaning of intelligence and objections to the assumption that intelligence can be meaningfully measured by IQ tests. Claims that there are innate differences in intelligence between racial and ethnic groups—which go back at least to the 19th century—have been criticized both for relying on specious assumptions and research methods and for serving as an ideological framework for discrimination and racism.

When was the first IQ test developed?

Early IQ testing. The first practical intelligence test was developed between 1905 and 1908 by Alfred Binet in France for school placement of children. Binet warned that results from his test should not be assumed to measure innate intelligence or used to label individuals permanently.

Which study argues that African populations have a higher frequency of certain genetic variants that contribute to an average lower intelligence

Mackintosh (2011), however, argues that by using genetic cluster analysis to correlate gene frequencies with continental populations it might be possible to show that African populations have a higher frequency of certain genetic variants that contribute to an average lower intelligence.

Is race a biological phenomenon?

The majority of anthropologists today consider race to be a sociopolitical phenomenon rather than a biological one, a view supported by considerable genetics research. The current mainstream view in the social sciences and biology is that race is a social construction based on folk ideologies that construct groups based on social disparities and superficial physical characteristics. Sternberg, Grigorenko & Kidd (2005) state, "Race is a socially constructed concept, not a biological one. It derives from people's desire to classify." The concept of human "races" as natural and separate divisions within the human species has also been rejected by the American Anthropological Association. The official position of the AAA, adopted in 1998, is that advances in scientific knowledge have made it "clear that human populations are not unambiguous, clearly demarcated, biologically distinct groups" and that "any attempt to establish lines of division among biological populations [is] both arbitrary and subjective." A more recent statement from the American Association of Physical Anthropologists (2019) declares that "Race does not provide an accurate representation of human biological variation. It was never accurate in the past, and it remains inaccurate when referencing contemporary human populations. Humans are not divided biologically into distinct continental types or racial genetic clusters."

How is intelligence determined?

Intelligence is Determined Primarilly by Genes. James Watson, winner of the 1962 Nobel Prize for the discovery of the structure of the DNA. 85% of variations in intelligence are due to genetic variations…. Here are the arguments that demonstrate it without a shadow of a doubt.

How are racial differences in brain size correlated with musculoskeletal traits identified in standard works of

Racial differences in brain size are correlated with 76 musculoskeletal traits identified in standard works of evolutionary anatomy as being systematically related to an increase in cranial capacity and intelligence in hominids.

What is GWAS in intelligence?

A recent study 20 published in the journal Intelligence looked at all the genetic variations increasing intelligence discovered to date, highlighted by GWAS (Genome Wide Association Study , allowing the illumination of many different genetic variants involved in a phenotypic trait).

How long have different races evolved?

The different races evolved independently of one another and in different environments for tens of thousands of years. For example, Africans have lived in separated environment of Europeans for 100,000 years, and Europeans have lived in separate environments of East Asians for 40,000 years (Stringer 1989, Cavalli-Sforza 2000).#N#When two populations evolve in isolation from one another during such a period, there are differences that occur in all areas where there are possibilities of genetic variation. The extreme environmentalist position, postulating that there are no intellectual differences between two races, defies the general principle of biological evolution and can be seen as impossible.

What is the I.Q of a race hybrid?

I.Q of racial hybrids is always intermediate between that of the two parental races, as well as the brain size, which is also intermediate between that of the two parental races. This points the genetic causality of intelligence (polygenic).

Where is the intelligence gene located?

The first was discovered by Chorley et al. (1998). It is located on chromosome 6 and the possession of one of the alleles of this gene contributes up to 4 Q.I.

Is intelligence genetic?

-Intelligence has high heritability, meaning it is highly genetic. We know this because identical twins in the USA, Europe, Japan or India tend to have the same intelligence, even if each twin is twin is raised in two different household. The correlation (on a scale of 0 to 1) of adult intelligence between identical twins raised apart is about 0.85.

Genetic Correlations

Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence

Memory

• The ability to recall and memorize information plays a role in intellectual ability. A good memory helps individuals solve problems more effectively, but stressful situations and lifestyle choices can also affect memory. Individuals can improve their memory to help boost certain aspects of intellectual ability. Specifically, increasing your ability...

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