Examples:
- Congruent mood - smiling while feeling happy.
- Non-congruent mood - smiling while feeling anxious.
- Inappropriate affect - laughing while describing a loved one's funeral, for instance.
What does congruent mood Mean?
The mood congruency effect occurs when people tend to focus on or remember events, situations, or other things based on how they are feeling at that time. If people are feeling upset, they're more likely to focus on negative aspects of something, whereas if they are happy, they're more likely to focus on the positive.
How to describe mood and affect?
mood - more of a sustained feeling state; subjective experience of patient. affect - involves moment-to-moment changes in emotional state and external expression of those feelings as observed by examiner. MSE 39, 45. Six clusters of terms to describe types of mood and affect.
What is a congruent affect?
Congruent affect means that a person's emotions are appropriate for the situation, while incongruent affect means that the emotions are not appropriate. He is listening to the patient and assessing the patient's thoughts, feelings, and emotions.
How to describe someone's mood and affect?
Affect is the visible reaction a person displays toward events. Mood is the underlying feeling state. Affect is described by such terms as constricted, normal range, appropriate to context, flat, and shallow. Mood refers to the feeling tone and is described by such terms as anxious, depressed, dysphoric, euphoric, angry, and irritable.
What is the mood-congruent effect?
The mood-congruent memory effect states that happy people will better remember happy than sad materials, whereas sad people will better remember sad than happy materials (or remember such material equally).
Which best describes mood congruence effect?
The mood congruency effect is a psychological phenomenon in which a person tends to remember information that is consistent with their particular mood. People also tend to recall memories that coincide with the mood they are experiencing at a certain time.Dec 20, 2021
What is mood congruence example?
1 Reply. Mood Congruent Memory occurs when your current mood usually cues memories that mirror that mood. For example, if you're very sad, you tend to start thinking about depressing things that have happened in your life, or if you're happy, you start to recall other happy things.Mar 3, 2014
Why is mood-congruent important?
If you can relate to the above story, you've experienced the effects of mood-congruent memory, which is the idea that the memories we retrieve tend to be consistent with our current emotional state. This explains why people who are in a bad mood recall negative memories, and the same goes for all types of moods.Nov 20, 2020
What is a mood congruent delusion?
'Mood-congruent' means that the content of delusions or hallucination is 'consistent with the predominant mood' (APA, 1980: 211).
What are mood congruent psychotics?
a DSM–IV–TR and DSM–5 specification for any delusion or hallucination that is thematically consistent with either sadness or mania when it occurs in severe major depressive episodes, manic episodes, or mixed episodes.
What is the effect of mood on memory?
An individual's present mood thus affects the memories that are most easily available to them, such that when they are in a good mood they recall good memories (and vice versa). The associative nature of memory also means that one tends to store happy memories in a linked set.
What is the difference between congruent and appropriate affect?
Congruent affect means that a person's emotions are appropriate for the situation, while incongruent affect means that the emotions are not appropriate. Reactive affect means that a person's affect changes appropriately depending on the subject of the conversation.Apr 28, 2017
What is mood congruency of memory What does it suggest about the effects of emotion on retrieval?
consistency between one's mood state and the emotional context of memories recalled. During positive mood states, individuals will tend to retrieve pleasant memories, whereas during negative mood states, negative thoughts and associations will more likely come to mind.
What is inappropriate affect?
Overview. As noted, inappropriate affect involves the display of reactions that do not match the situation that you are in or possibly even your internal state. Emotions, actions, or overall demeanor that seem out of place in a situation all fall under the general umbrella term "inappropriate affect."Apr 9, 2020
What is blunted affect?
Blunted affect, also referred to as emotional blunting, is a prominent symptom of schizophrenia. Patients with blunted affect have difficulty in expressing their emotions [1], characterized by diminished facial expression, expressive gestures and vocal expressions in reaction to emotion provoking stimuli [1–3].Jun 2, 2015
What does flat affect mean?
A flat affect can be a negative symptom of schizophrenia, meaning that your emotional expressions don't show. You may speak in a dull, flat voice and your face may not change. You also may have trouble understanding emotions in other people.Dec 3, 2021
What is the mood congruency effect?
The mood congruency effect is a psychological phenomenon in which a person tends to remember information that is consistent with their particular mood. People also tend to recall memories that coincide with the mood they are experiencing at a certain time. In simpler terms, if you're in a happy mood, you are more likely to recall happy memories, ...
How does mood congruency work?
Let's take a look at how the mood congruency effect works in real life. In this example, you and a friend are going to the movies together to see the latest blockbuster hit, a film about a man who loses the love of his life only to find that same woman 20 years later. The man and woman reconnect and marry in the end, but throughout the movie, the trials and tribulations they experience are documented. Now, let's set the stage a bit further. You just got out of a 5-year relationship, so you are a bit sour on the whole idea of love. Your friend, however, just met a remarkable new guy she can't stop gushing about. Will this affect what you both choose to focus on and remember from the movie? You bet it will!
What does it mean when you are upset?
If people are feeling upset, they're more likely to focus on negative aspects of something, whereas if they are happy, they're more likely to focus on the positive. The mood congruency effect can also refer to symptoms of various psychological diagnoses, as when a person with depression displays flat affect and sadness.
What is the difference between sad and happy?
In simpler terms, if you're in a happy mood, you are more likely to recall happy memories, whereas, if you're sad, you are more likely to remember sad and depressing events.
Psychosis in Bipolar Disorder
Psychosis is defined by a loss of touch with what is real. It is a symptom of psychotic disorders and can be present in mood and other psychiatric disorders.
Why Does It Happen?
Approximately half of the people living with bipolar disorder will experience psychotic symptoms. 4 Hallucinations, delusions, or a combination of both can accompany other symptoms of bipolar disorder.
Differences in Schizophrenia
Psychotic symptoms can occur with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. However, one of the differences between these conditions is that bipolar disorder is a mood disorder and schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder.
Managing Mood Instability in Bipolar Disorder
Medication, therapy, or a combination of both can help patients manage shifts in mood or psychotic symptoms that can accompany bipolar disorder.
Advice for Loved Ones
Witnessing a loved one’s struggle with symptoms of bipolar disorder can be challenging and worrisome, but there are things you can do to be there for them.
Summary
Mood-congruence or incongruence relates to symptoms of psychosis that either align or conflict with a person’s mood. Psychotic symptoms can influence a person’s ability to function in daily life. Treatment is available to help people with bipolar disorder manage these symptoms.
A Word From Verywell
Psychotic symptoms that accompany bipolar disorder can be a frightening experience. Hallucinations and delusions can be jarring and significantly affect your quality of life.
What is mood congruence?
Mood congruence is the consistency between a person's emotional state with the broader situations and circumstances being experienced by the persons at that time. By contrast, mood incongruence occurs when the individual's reactions or emotional state appear to be in conflict with the situation. In the context of psychosis, hallucinations ...
What is the meaning of "mood congruence"?
Moreover, in social psychology, "mood congruency" refers to a cognitive mechanism that explains a wide variety of mood effects in which there is a match in affective valence between people's mood and their responses (Mayer et al., 1992). Cognitive therapy pays special attention to mood congruence due to the use of mood repair strategies, which are meant to shift an individual from a negative mood to a positive one.
What is the difference between mood congruence and mood dependent memory?
An important consideration to the difference between mood congruence and mood dependent (or state-dependent) memory is the determination that one cannot make accurate assumptions about the emotional state of a memory during the encoding process. Therefore, the memory that is recalled is not dependent on the affective state during encoding. Another important difference is that there are multiple memories that can be recalled while in particular mood states that go across contexts and cues that may or may not recall only one specific memory.
What is the contradiction of valence theory?
The contradiction of the valence theory is in studies where the moods of the participants were found to represent mood-incongruence. The incongruence is especially particular in findings of valence asymmetry, in which those who were in a current negative mood recalled more positively associated words or memories.
What is the theory of mood-congruence in memory?
Another aspect of Bower's theory in mood-congruence in memory is that the rate of occurrence of particular emotionally represented nodes may become implicitly primed. Even if an individual is not paying full attention to the event in which the affective priming had occurred.
Which theory determined that emotions in themselves had their own representative nodes distinct to their affective nature within the semantic memory network
Therefore, Bower's theory determined that not only are particular words linked to other words or phrases that represented similar affects, but that emotions in themselves had their own representative nodes distinct to their affective nature within the semantic memory network.
What is the theory of emotional valence?
Theory of emotional valence. Conversely, there are theories of mood-congruency in memory recall that explain the instances and studies that represent incongruences. One such theory is the circumflex model assumption, or the theory of emotional valence. The theory of valence in regards to mood-congruency and memory recall is that the nature ...
What is the mood congruence effect?
What Is The Mood Congruent Memory Effect? The mood congruence effect is when you can remember something that's happened to you if the memory is matching your current state. In other words, you will remember sad memories if you're sad, happy memories if you're happy, and so on. This can create a tough cycle to break.
Who first suggested the idea of a mood congruence effect?
Let's look at the Gordon Bower study of 1981, which first suggested the idea of a mood congruence effect. The study had subjects, and it was discovered that they could remember events that had a similar emotional state as their current mood.
What happens when you are depressed?
If you're depressed, you remember depressive memories, and this makes you even more depressed. It makes sense that the emotions you have during an experience can affect how you recall it. If you are happy when an event happens, you are likely to remember it in a positive light.
How does a participant's mood change?
In it, the participants had their moods artificially changed through different facial expressions. When a participant smiled, they felt feelings of happiness. When they tried to make a fearful face, they felt fear. As it turns out, it is much easier to change one's mood than you would think.
Why do we remember emotional memories?
Remembering an emotional memory can make us be wary of danger. For example, if we were thinking about fighting a strong animal, memories of animal attacks may make us think twice about it.
Does mood affect memory?
Your mood really does affect what you are able to recall, and it proves that our ability to recall memories isn't neutral. There were a few experiments to prove this phenomenon. One was the Clark University experiment. In it, the participants had their moods artificially changed through different facial expressions.
Is it easier to change your mood?
As it turns out, it is much easier to change one's mood than you would think. All it may take is a certain stimuli, such as a facial expression that is associated with that emotion. For example, you may be happier if you look at happy faces, and vice versa.
What is mood incongruence?
Treatment. Mood incongruence is a term used to describe a serious symptom of bipolar disorder. It is a psychotic feature of the disorder wherein the person's belief or action, whether by hallucination or delusion, does not match with their mood. By contrast, mood congruence also describes a psychotic symptom of bipolar disorder, but, in this case, ...
When are symptoms considered mood-congruent?
In this case, any symptoms, however extreme, are considered mood-congruent when they in agreement with the person's current mood. No matter how unreasonable the responses may be, they nevertheless match the circumstance or emotional state of that person at that moment.
What is the difference between mood congruence and incongruence?
While the difference between mood congruence and incongruence may seem of little consequence given that they both related to a psychotic episode, the way in which each impacts a person's ability to function and thrive can be strikingly different.
What does "congruent" mean when a dog dies?
The delusion of superpowers, for example, in no way coincides with themes of powerlessness that are common with depression. By contrast, congruent means "in agreement.".
Does Verywell Mind have peer reviewed studies?
Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. National Institute of Mental Health. Bipolar disorder.
What is mood congruent?
mood-congruent consistent with one's mood, a term used particularly in the classification of mood disorders. In disorders with psychotic features, mood-congruent psychotic features are grandiose delusions or related hallucinations occurring in a manic episode or depressive delusions or related hallucinations in a major depressive episode, ...
What is mood affect?
Mood refers to a person’s pervasive and sustained emotional temperament; affect refers to the fluctuating changes in a person’s more immediate physio-emotional response (s). Depression, elation, anger, anxiety.
What is mood disorder?
mood disorders mental disorders whose essential feature is a disturbance of mood manifested by episodes of manic, hypomanic, or depressive symptoms, or some combination of these. The two major categories are bipolar disorders and depressive disorders. mood-incongruent not mood-congruent. Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, ...
What is mood in psychology?
mood. [ mo̳d] a pervasive and sustained emotion that , when extreme, can color one's whole view of life; in psychiatry and psychology the term is generally used to refer to either elation or depression. See also mood disorders.
What is the pervasive feeling, tone, and internal emotional state that, when impaired, can markedly influence virtually
The pervasive feeling, tone, and internal emotional state that, when impaired, can markedly influence virtually all aspects of a person's behavior or perception of external events. Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012.
Is bipolar a mood disorder?
I think that bipolar is just a mood disorder. Do I? A. You are correct, according to the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) Bipolar Disorder is a Mood Disorder. Other conditions in this category are Anxiety Disorders--and of course--Unipolar Depression.
How is mood different from affect?
Mood can be distinguished from affect on the basis of several features. Mood tends to last longer than affect. Mood changes less spontaneously than affect. Mood constitutes the emotional background. Mood is reported by the client, whereas affect is observed by the interviewer (Othmer & Othmer, 1994).
Why is blunted affect described as a blunted affect?
This condition, which is very similar to flat affect, is often described as a blunted affect because an emotional response appears present, but in a restricted, minimal manner.
What is affect in psychology?
Affect is defined as the prevailing emotional tone observed by the interviewer during a mental status examination. In contrast, mood is the client's self-reported mood state.
Why is it important to compare self-reported mood with your evaluation of client affect?
Self-reported mood should also be compared with self-reported thought content, because the thought content may account for the predominance of a particular mood.
What is inappropriate affect?
Most often, inappropriate affect is observed in very disturbed clients who are suffering from severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Determining the appropriateness of client affect is a subjective process that is sometimes more straightforward than at other times.
Is it important to record a client's response to your mood question verbatim?
It is desirable to record a client's response to your mood question verbatim. This makes it easier to compare a client's self-reported mood on one occasion with his or her self-reported mood on another occasion. In addition, it is important to compare self-reported mood with your evaluation of client affect.
Is a client tolerant of pauses?
The client is not very tolerant of pauses or of times when interviewer speech becomes deliberate. He or she may make statements about wanting an answer to concerns immediately. There may be associated hostility and competitiveness in the case of Type A personality styles.
