The basic components of a building structure are the foundation, floors, walls, beams, columns, roof, stair, etc. These elements serve the purpose of supporting, enclosing and protecting the building structure.
What are the components of a house structure?
The systems that make up a house are:
- Foundation
- Frame
- Roof The Functional
- Windows/Doors
- Plumbing
- Electrical
- HVAC The Finishes
- Siding / Gutter / Soffit / Fasia
- Drywall & Paint
- Interior Finish Carpentry
What are the structural parts of a house?
- Ridge —The top intersection of two opposite adjoining roof surfaces.
- Ridge board —The board that follows along under the ridge.
- Roof rafters —The structural members that support the roof.
- Collar beam —Not a beam at all; this tie keeps the roof from spreading and connects similar rafters on opposite sides of the roof.
What are the basic parts of a house?
- Alcove
- Atrium
- Attic
- Basement / cellar
- Bathroom
- Bedroom (or nursery)
- Box-room / storage room
- Conservatory
- Dining room
- Family room or den
What are the different parts of a house?
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What are the structural parts of a house?
The basic components of a building structure are the foundation, floors, walls, beams, columns, roof, stair, etc. These elements serve the purpose of supporting, enclosing and protecting the building structure.
What is a home structure?
“House Structure”, as used in this page, refers to all those major components of a house. It covers roofs and walls, window and doorway, heating systems and plumbing systems.
What constitutes a structure?
A structure is defined as the physical development made in a land with a purpose to provide accommodation . For a construction or development to be a structure it must have an enclosure and a roof with provisions for entering within it. A structure is the first stage of construction of any building.
What does a house include?
Most conventional modern houses in Western cultures will contain one or more bedrooms and bathrooms, a kitchen or cooking area, and a living room. A house may have a separate dining room, or the eating area may be integrated into another room. Some large houses in North America have a recreation room.
Are floors considered structural?
Structural Installations Structurally installed floors are considered permanent floors because they're part of your home's structure. The most common structural floor installations include solid hardwood, stone, and ceramic tile.
Is a door part of a structure?
Every component has its own function. Non-structural components are parapet walls, door and windows, furnishings fixtures, partitions or partition walls, tiles, paint etc.
What are the 5 types of structures?
Types of structureSolid.Frame.Shell.Membrane.Composite.Liquid.
What are the 4 types of structures?
There are four types of structures;Frame: made of separate members (usually thin pieces) put together.Shell: encloses or contains its contents.Solid (mass): made almost entirely of matter.liquid (fluid): braking fluid making the brakes.
Is roof part of structure?
A roof is the top covering of a building, including all materials and constructions necessary to support it on the walls of the building or on uprights, providing protection against rain, snow, sunlight, extremes of temperature, and wind. A roof is part of the building envelope.
What are features of a house?
10 Common Features of a “Perfect” HouseA Single Level. Across all demographics, more homebuyers want a single-floor ranch home. ... Taller Ceilings. ... South-Facing Windows. ... Green Features. ... Outdoor Living Areas. ... Low-Maintenance Exterior. ... Walkability. ... Security.More items...•
What facilities should a house have?
10 facilities to ask your buildersGated compound. Most common feature yet very important too. ... Covered car parking. Essential part of your house. ... Club houses or out door play area. ... Electricity back up. ... Rainwater harvesting. ... RO water. ... Vasthu. ... Security system.More items...
What are some must haves for a house?
Your take: Unless you love raspberry walls, this one is off the list.A Chef's Kitchen. ... A Space that "Flows" ... A Home Office. ... Walk-In Closets. ... A "Man Cave" ... ... ... Baths, Baths, and More (Full) Baths. ... Historic (But Not Too Historic) Details.More items...•
frame
Assembly of members that consists of the load-bearing structure of a building and that provides stability to it.
foundation
Work done on-site in cement or masonry; it supports a structure’s load and transfers it to the ground, thus providing stability.
roof truss
Assembly of members composed of a triangular substructure to form the frame of a sloped roof; it supports the roof.
wood flooring
A room’s decorative floor covering made of wooden squares or strips of wood.
textile floor coverings
Textile floor coverings, such as rugs and pile carpets, are comfortable and attractive, and dampen impact noise.
stairs
Structural component enabling movement between floors of a house or other structure.
What is a gable in a garage?
A gable is the triangular end of an exterior wall above the eaves. Garage door —The door for the vehicle passage into the garage area. Typical garage doors consist of multiple jointed panels of wood, metal, or fiberglass. Girder —A large beam supporting floor joists at the same level as the sills.
What is a basement window?
Basement window —A window opening installed in the basement wall. Basement windows are occasionally below the finish grade level and will be surrounded on the exterior by a window well. Blind or shutter —A lightweight frame in the form of a door located on each side of a window.
How far apart are studs?
In general, studs, like joists, are spaced 16 inches on center. In light construction, such as garages and summer cottages, wider spacing on studs is common. Openings for windows or doors must be framed in studs. This framing consists of horizontal members (headers) and vertical members (trimmers or jack studs).
What is the most common form of insulation?
The most common form of insulation is fiberglass, whether in batts or blown-in material, along with cellulose, rigid foam boards, sprayed-in foam, and rock wool. Jack/king stud —The framing stud, sometimes called the trimmer, that supports the header above a window, door, or other opening within a bearing wall.
How big is a drain tile?
The tile can be individual sections of clay or asphalt tubing or, in more recent construction, a perforated-plastic drain tile that is approximately 4 inches in diameter. The drain tile leads either towards a sump or to an exterior discharge away from the house.
What are the components of a building?
The basic components of a building structure are the foundation, floors, walls, beams, columns, roof, stair, etc. These elements serve the purpose of supporting, enclosing and protecting the building structure.
What is the horizontal member of a building?
Beams and slabs form the horizontal members in a building. For a single storey building, the top slab forms the roof. In case of a multi-storey building, the beam transfers the load coming from the floor above the slab which is in turn transferred to the columns.
What is a column in construction?
Columns are vertical members constructed above the ground level. Columns can be of two types: Architectural columns and structural columns. Architectural columns are constructed to improve the building's aesthetics while a structural column takes the load coming from the slab above and transfers safely to the foundation.
What is the foundation of a building?
Foundation. 1. Roof. The roof forms the topmost component of a building structure. It covers the top face of the building. Roofs can be either flat or sloped based on the location and weather conditions of the area. 2. Parapet. Parapets are short walls extended above the roof slab.
What is the first structural unit to be constructed for any building construction?
12. Foundation. The Foundation is a structural unit that uniformly distributes the load from the superstructure to the underlying soil. This is the first structural unit to be constructed for any building construction. A good foundation prevents settlement of the building.
What are the vertical elements that support a roof?
Walls are vertical elements which support the roof. It can be made from stones, bricks, concrete blocks, etc. Walls provide an enclosure and protect against wind, sunshine, rain etc. Openings are provided in the walls for ventilation and access to the building.
What are lintels in a building?
Lintels. Lintels are constructed above the wall openings like doors, windows, etc. These structures support the weight of the wall coming over the opening. Normally, lintels are constructed by reinforced cement concrete. In residential buildings, lintels can be either constructed from concrete or from bricks.
What is a column in a house?
Column. We often think of columns as those vertical structures found at the front of a building, but even a humble residential house may have a column. It is also popularly known as a pillar. In its simplest definition, a column is an upright post.
Why are windows important in a house?
It also allows occupants to enjoy the views of their neighborhood. And windows can add to the beauty or elegance of a property. These are the major parts of a house exterior that you should be familiar with regardless of the years you’ve been as a homeowner.
What is the chimney on a fireplace?
The chimney is a vertical pipe or channel that’s attached to the fireplace and helps release smoke and toxic gases from the home interiors.
What is the purpose of a door?
The door serves as the main entry and exit point of the house. The primary purpose of a door is for security as it controls access to the house. It is typically attached by hinges, although it can also be moved by slides or counterbalancing. Read Further: Parts of a Door Explained.
Where are the box ends on a roof?
Box End. The box ends are part of the primary structure of the roof. These are specifically located at the gables, often at the point where the roofline and siding meet. Box ends can create an enhanced appearance and seal in the areas where the aforementioned roof parts meet.
What is the garage used for?
It can be argued that this is the part of a house exterior that most people are familiar with. The garage is commonly used for parking vehicles. It can also be tapped as a storage space. It can be attached or detached.
What is a foundation wall made of?
The most common, though, is the simple foundation wall made of poured concrete or concrete block, and a poured concrete footing system.
What is foundation system?
A foundation system is in many ways like a big bathtub. But rather than keeping water in, we want to keep water out. Several components built into a foundation do just that. First, the exterior, ground-side face of foundation walls will have a waterproofing material installed on it.
What is the purpose of a concrete floor slab?
These three elements are the foundation system's structural components, serving to transfer the gravity load (the weight of the house) down into the ground. While concrete is an ideal material to handle the weight of the house, concrete isn't very flexible.
What are the two types of walls?
Interior walls fall into two categories: load bearing and non-load bearing. A load-bearing wall supports a load from above, such as another floor or a roof. A non-load bearing, or a partition wall, is built separately from the main load bearing structure and can be an exterior or an interior wall. It functions as a divider but supports no weight. A third kind of wall—a shear wall, often used in multi-story buildings—is not built to bear a vertical load. Rather, shear walls are meant to resist lateral forces, such as wind and earthquakes. They are typically braced wooden walls with shear panels, reinforced concrete or masonry, or steel plates.
What is a truss in a house?
Floor joists are covered with subflooring (usually made of plywood). Truss: A floor truss consists of 2×4 or 2×3 lumber connected with metal plates.
How far apart are studs?
Studs: These are framing components that run between the top and bottom plate. They are usually spaced 16 or 24 inches apart and are the most common elements of the wall panel. Sheathing: Exterior wall sheathing strengthens the walls by tying the studs together.
Why do builders erect the next floor right on a platform?
Since builders erect the next floor right on a platform, they are building on a solid work surface—a safer environment, with high structural integrity. Framing is one of the myriad aspects of construction that are captured in a set of blueprints.
What is a first floor frame?
The first-floor frame is built on top of the sill plates and consists of joists, which span the foundation walls.
How far apart are ceiling joists?
There is no set standard size, but the most commonly used lumber for joists today is 2×6. They are commonly spaced from 16 to 24 inches apart.
What is timber framing?
Timber framing. Timber framing, which involves fitting together large posts and beams and connecting them with wooden pegs , was popular in the 18th and 19th centuries. In timber framing, builders work with natural logs and trees, rather than lumber pre-cut to common dimensions (like 2x4s).
What is a tract home?
Tract homes are when a developer buys a large plot of land and divides that land into individual lots. They’ll then construct homes from specific architectural options planned for that community.
What is sheathing in a house?
The sheathing is the large sheets of wood, oriented strand board, wafer board, or exterior gypsum that’s nailed to the frame. It’s recommended to use half-inch panels to give the structure more strength. In some cases, insulation sheathing (rigid foam or cellulose-fiber panels) may be used to improve insulation.
What do inspectors look for in a foundation?
Some things the inspector will look at typically include: The footing’s width, depth, and condition. Waterproofing. Grading.
How many subcontractors are needed to build a home?
Building a home is a huge project, and the average build will involve 22 subcontractors working on the home. The first person you’ll need to hire is the general contractor or a custom home builder. They will oversee the construction of your home from start to finish. Their duties include:
What are footings made of?
Footings can be made from concrete or brick masonry and are most commonly used with shallow foundations because it distributes the weight of vertical loads directly to the soil. Footings are generally wider than the foundation itself and sit one foot below the frost line (the typical depth at which the soil freezes in your climate).
What is an enclosed patio?
Enclosed patios that are heated and (if the rest of the house is) air-conditioned and are similar in workmanship (quality) as the rest of the home. If it still looks like a patio with walls, an independent appraiser will need to make the call as to whether or not to include this space.
What is detached living space?
Detached living space such as an office in a extra building on the property – these spaces are measured separately. Spaces that are accessed only by traversing non-living space, like an enclosed storage area of a garage.
Does the space under the roof count as living space?
Not all of the space under your roof counts as living space from an appraiser’s perspective. Some spaces don’t count towards the measured square footage of a home. You should always have a local, qualified professional determine answer your appraisal-related questions for any specific property.
How to determine the size of a house?
When it comes down to it, the square footage of a home is just a number. The most important things to consider when determining if the size of a house is right for you are: 1 If you feel comfortable in the space. 2 If the rooms can accommodate your needs.
What counts as finished square footage?
In general, areas like staircases and closets count as finished square footage. Spaces like garages, three-season porches ...
How to calculate square footage of a room?
If you plan to measure room by room, simply grab your measuring tape and multiply the room’s width by length to get the space’s total square footage. For example, if your living room is 20 feet wide by 15 feet wide, then you’d calculate 20x15 to get 300 total square feet.
How many seasons are there in a porch?
To be counted as finished square footage, a porch must be four-season. A four-season porch is much like any other room in the house, except that it provides clear views of the outdoors all year through a variety of windows. Four-season porches must have permanent heat sources to be included in a home’s finished square footage.
Does the MLS include basement square footage?
Keep in mind, some MLS guidelines don’t include below-ground square footage at all, even if the basement space is fully functional. If you’re in doubt, ask the listing agent what rooms and floors were included in their calculation of the home’s square footage.
Is a basement considered finished square footage?
In general, areas like staircases and closets count as finished square footage. Spaces like garages, three-season porches and unfinished basements or attics are not included in the square footage of a house. But if a basement or attic has been “finished,” then the space may be included in the home’s square footage if it also meets ceiling height ...
Does stairwell count as finished square footage?
Any space that has walls, flooring, ceiling and heat would count as finished square footage. So, it’s likely that stairwells, closets, walk-in pantries and other areas you might be questioning would contribute to the square footage count of a home.
