How do you make a submarine still?
0:169:07Moonshine Still Doesn't Work According To Plan - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipQuickly and efficiently easily constructed out of wood panels. And sheet metal. It can hold up toMoreQuickly and efficiently easily constructed out of wood panels. And sheet metal. It can hold up to 800 gallons of mash. And costs only a fraction of the price of a smaller copper pot.
What is a reflux still?
A REFLUX or PLATED still does multiple distillations in one single pass, by having some packing in a column between the condenser & the pot, and allowing some of the vapor to condense and trickle back down through the packing. This "reflux" of liquid helps clean the rising vapor and increase the % purity.
What type of still is best for whiskey?
CopperCopper is definitely the better choice for products like Bourbon, Tennessee Whiskey, Irish Whiskey, Scotch, and traditional Rum, because of the sulfur reduction, as mentioned above. These spirits are also most commonly distilled in pot stills (no reflux), which allows for lots of flavor to come through from the wash.Oct 19, 2015
What is the first cut of moonshine called?
Foreshots – “the low boiling point compounds that come out of the still first. They contain acetone, methanol, various esters and aldehydes, and other volitiles. Foreshots are to be considered poisonous and should be discarded.”
What is a bubble plate still?
The bubble plate column is another type of natural reflux column. A commercial distiller would use this for making vodka & gin instead of an open, non-reflux column. A distiller with a fuel alcohol permit would use this to make fuel alcohol rather than an open, non-reflux column.May 1, 2018
What is a whiskey still?
A whiskey or moonshine still is an apparatus whose main purpose is to help you produce a mash in your home, which can be called homemade whiskey, thou, most commonly it is known as moonshine (hence the name of the still).Jun 14, 2014
What is a copper still?
Copper is the preferred material in the construction of a still to impart flavor into the distilled spirits. According to Broadslab Distillery, both stainless steel and copper are excellent conductors of heat: dispersing the heat evenly across the entire surface of the metal and creating a more even distillation.Apr 22, 2015
Can brass be used in a moonshine still?
Most brass fittings are not even safe for water use, which makes them even less safe for distilling use.Oct 12, 2015
Why is moonshine illegal?
You may wonder why moonshine is historically illegal. Undocumented distilled spirits production quickly became illegal and the reason is - as usual - money. The United States taxed spirits as early as George Washington's time.Jul 23, 2021
What are heads in moonshine?
Heads: Spirits from the beginning of the run that contain a high percentage of low boiling point alcohols and other compounds such as aldehydes and ethyl acetate. Hearts: The desirable middle alcohols from your run. Tails: A distillate containing a high percentage of fusel oil and little alcohol at the end of the run.Jan 15, 2022
Why do they put a stick in a moonshine still?
Online sources confirm that the pecker used in the moonshine distilling process is a penis bone of a racoon. “It's placed in the outlet of a moonshine still to help the distillate to flow smoothly into the collection vessel. “ The small bone is sterilised and used to transfer the moonshine from the still into the jar.Oct 28, 2021
How much methanol do you throw out?
The rule of thumb is to discard 1/3 of a pint jar for every 5 gallons of wash being distilled. How much initial product to discard: 1 gallon batch - discard the first 2/3 of a shot glass. 5 gallon batch - discard the first 1/3 of a pint jar.Jan 20, 2013
What is a submarine?
Whereas the principal meaning of "submarine" is an armed, submersible warship, the more general meaning is for any type of submersible craft. The definition as of 1899 was for any type of "submarine boat". By naval tradition, submarines are still usually referred to as "boats" rather than as "ships", regardless of their size. In other navies with a history of large submarine fleets they are also "boats"; in German it is an Unterseeboot or U-Boot (under-sea boat) and in Russian it is a подводная лодка (underwater boat). Although referred to informally as "boats", U.S. submarines employ the designation USS ( United States Ship) at the beginning of their names, such as USS Alabama. In the Royal Navy, submarines continue to be referred to officially as "boats", despite their " Her Majesty's Ship " designations.
What is a submarine called?
Submarines are referred to as "boats" rather than "ships" irrespective of their size.
How were submarines propelled?
The first submarines were propelled by humans. The first mechanically driven submarine was the 1863 French Plongeur, which used compressed air for propulsion. Anaerobic propulsion was first employed by the Spanish Ictineo II in 1864, which used a solution of zinc, manganese dioxide, and potassium chlorate to generate sufficient heat to power a steam engine, while also providing oxygen for the crew. A similar system was not employed again until 1940 when the German Navy tested a hydrogen peroxide -based system, the Walter turbine, on the experimental V-80 submarine and later on the naval U-791 and type XVII submarines; the system was further developed for the British Explorer -class, completed in 1958.
What is the structure of a submarine?
Most large submarines consist of a cylindrical body with hemispherical (or conical) ends and a vertical structure, usually located amidships, which houses communications and sensing devices as well as periscopes. In modern submarines, this structure is the " sail " in American usage and "fin" in European usage.
How deep is a submarine?
Submarines with a crush depth in the range of 400–500 feet (120–150 m) are operated in several areas worldwide, typically with bottom depths around 100 to 120 feet (30 to 37 m), with a carrying capacity of 50 to 100 passengers.
When was the first cruise missile launched?
The first launch of a cruise missile ( SSM-N-8 Regulus) from a submarine occurred in July 1953, from the deck of USS Tunny, a World War II fleet boat modified to carry the missile with a nuclear warhead. Tunny and its sister boat, Barbero, were the United States' first nuclear deterrent patrol submarines.
When was the USS Holland launched?
Launched on 17 May 1897 at Navy Lt. Lewis Nixon 's Crescent Shipyard in Elizabeth, New Jersey, Holland VI was purchased by the United States Navy on 11 April 1900, becoming the Navy's first commissioned submarine, christened USS Holland.
How to make a wooden ship?
By what I have seen, the making is quite easy and cheap: you make two sides of wood and bind them together by a sheet of iron, nailed around the wooden sides. No copper lining on the inside: the wash is supposed to wet the wood, that subsequently swells and closes all the small gaps. Just like wooden ships, but then inside out.
Can you siphon wine from one submarine to the next?
To prevent scorching you can siphon the wine from one submarine to the next, in stead of just firing the finished ferment. One of the advantages was the cheapness of the still. So when you had to abandon it, you could just leave it and it rotted and rusted away in the woods.
When did the submarine come of age?
World War I and the inter-war years (1914–1941) The submarine truly came of age in World War I. The US Navy did not have a large part in this war, with action mainly being confined to escorting convoys later in the war and sending a division of battleships to reinforce the British Grand Fleet.
What are the three types of submarines?
There are three major types of submarines in the United States Navy: ballistic missile submarines, attack submarines, and cruise missile submarines. All submarines in the U.S. Navy are nuclear-powered.
What is the Navy Medical Corps insignia?
In addition to the Submarine Warfare insignia there are several special insignia. Since 1943 the Submarine Medical insignia has been awarded to medical officers of the Navy Medical Corps qualified in submarine warfare and medical expertise. The Submarine Engineering Duty insignia is issued to Engineering Duty Officers who have been designated as qualified in submarines through a program administered by the Naval Sea Systems Command and was first awarded in 1950. The Submarine Supply Corps insignia has been awarded to members of the Navy Supply Corps who have qualified as Supply Officers on board U.S. submarines since 1963.
What was the Navy's policy of unrestricted submarine warfare?
The Navy adopted an official policy of unrestricted submarine warfare, and it appears the policy was executed without the knowledge or prior consent of the government. The London Naval Treaty, to which the U.S. was signatory, required submarines to abide by prize rules (commonly known as "cruiser rules").
How many hours did submariners work?
Until 2014, submariners worked an 18-hour day , as opposed to a standard 24-hour schedule. Sailors spent 6 hours on watch, 6 hours maintenance and training and 6 hours off (3 watches of 6 hours.) In 2014, the Navy began transitioning the fleet to a 24-hour schedule.
What are the missions of an attack submarine?
Attack submarines have several tactical missions, including sinking ships and subs, launching cruise missiles, and gathering intelligence. The submarine has a long history in the United States, beginning with the Turtle, the world's first submersible with a documented record of use in combat.
What was the first submarine used in combat?
The first submarine used in combat was the USS Turtle, the Turtle was built in 1775 and was made to attach explosive charges to the hulls of the ships. Several attempts were made against British Ships in American harbors in 1776, but none were successful.
Where are the submarines still on patrol?
Wikipedia list article. US Navy submarines "Still on Patrol" plaque at the Independence Seaport Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. These United States submarines were lost either to enemy action or to "storm or perils of the sea.".
How many submariners died in WW2?
During World War II, the U.S. Navy's submarine service suffered the highest casualty percentage of all the American armed forces, losing one in five submariners. Some 16,000 submariners served during the war, of whom 375 officers and 3,131 enlisted men were killed.
When was the USS S-25 renamed?
The former USS S-25 was transferred to the Royal Navy 4 November 1941 and renamed as RMS P.551 then transferred to the Polish Navy in exile and renamed ORP Jastrząb. On 2 May 1942 she was attacked in a friendly fire incident by a Royal Navy minesweeper and destroyer and sank with all hands.
When was the USS R-19 sunk?
The former USS R-19 was transferred to the Royal Navy 9 March 1942 and renamed as HMS P.514. On 21 June 1942 she was rammed by the Royal Canadian Navy minesweeper HMCS Georgian and sank with all hands.
When was the USS S-37 decommissioned?
Raised three days later, she was sold for scrap on 13 March 1946. USS S-37 was decommissioned on 6 February 1945, was stripped, and her hulk was supposed to be expended as a target for aerial bombing off San Diego, California, but she broke her tow cable and sank coming to rest some 50–60' deep, on 20 February 1945.
When was the USS Sailfish sunk?
Isles of Shoals, New Hampshire. Additionally: USS G-2 (SS-27), decommissioned as a target, flooded and sank unexpectedly 30 July 1919 in Two Tree Channel near Niantic, Connecticut with the loss of three crew. USS S-48 (SS-159) foundered 7 December 1921 in 80 feet ...
How many USS Dorado were lost?
Two – Dorado (SS-248) and Seawolf (SS-197) – were lost to friendly fire (though there is speculation that the USS Dorado may have struck a mine), at least three more – Tulibee, Tang, and Grunion – to defective torpedoes, and six to accident or grounding.
Overview
A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability. The term is also sometimes used historically or colloquially to refer to remotely operated vehicles and robots, as well as medium-sized or smaller vessels, such as the midget submarine and the wet sub. Submarines are referre…
History
The word submarine simply means 'underwater' or 'under-sea' (as in submarine canyon, submarine pipeline) though as a noun it generally refers to a vessel that can travel underwater. The term is a contraction of submarine boat. and occurs as such in several languages, e.g. French (sous-marin), and Spanish (submarino), although others retain the original term, such as Dutch (Onderzee…
Usage
Before and during World War II, the primary role of the submarine was anti-surface ship warfare. Submarines would attack either on the surface using deck guns, or submerged using torpedoes. They were particularly effective in sinking Allied transatlantic shipping in both World Wars, and in disrupting Japanese supply routes and naval operations in the Pacific in World War II.
Technology
All surface ships, as well as surfaced submarines, are in a positively buoyant condition, weighing less than the volume of water they would displace if fully submerged. To submerge hydrostatically, a ship must have negative buoyancy, either by increasing its own weight or decreasing its displacement of water. To control their displacement and weight, submarines have ballast tanks, which c…
Crew
A typical nuclear submarine has a crew of over 80; conventional boats typically have fewer than 40. The conditions on a submarine can be difficult because crew members must work in isolation for long periods of time, without family contact, and in cramped conditions. Submarines normally maintain radio silence to avoid detection. Operating a submarine is dangerous, even in peacetime, an…
See also
• Autonomous underwater vehicle
• Coastal submarine
• Columbia-class submarine
• Depth charge
• Fictional submarines
Bibliography
• Histoire des sous-marins: des origines à nos jours by Jean-Marie Mathey and Alexandre Sheldon-Duplaix. (Boulogne-Billancourt: ETAI, 2002).
• DiMercurio, Michael; Benson, Michael (2003). The complete idiot's guide to submarines. Alpha. ISBN 978-0-02-864471-4. OCLC 51747264.
• Redford, Duncan. The Submarine: A Cultural History From the Great War to Nuclear Combat (I.B…
External links
• U.S. Patent 708,553 – Submarine boat
• The Submarine: Part II: Construction (1955) is available for free download at the Internet Archive
• The Fleet Type Submarine Online US Navy submarine training manuals, 1944–1946
Overview
There are three major types of submarines in the United States Navy: ballistic missile submarines, attack submarines, and cruise missile submarines. All submarines in the U.S. Navy are nuclear-powered. Ballistic missile submarines have a single strategic mission of carrying nuclear submarine-launched ballistic missiles. Attack submarines have several tactical missions, including sinking ships and subs, launching cruise missiles, and gathering intelligence.
History
The first submarine used in combat was the USS Turtle. The Turtle was built in 1775 and was made to attach explosive charges to the hulls of the ships. Several attempts were made against British Ships in American harbors in 1776, but none were successful.
Other submersible projects date to the 19th century. Alligator was a US Navy su…
Composition of the current force
• Los Angeles class (29 in commission, 2 in reserve) – fast attack submarines
• Ohio class (18 in commission) – 14 ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs), 4 guided missile submarines (SSGNs)
• Seawolf class (3 in commission) – fast attack submarines
Personnel
U.S. Navy submarines are manned solely by volunteers from within the Navy. Because of the stressful environment aboard submarines, personnel are accepted only after rigorous testing and observation, as a consequence submariners have significantly lower mental hospitalization rates than surface ship personnel. Furthermore, submariners receive submarine duty incentive pa…
Traditions
Further training and qualification at sea are required before submariners are awarded the coveted Submarines insignia ("dolphins" or "fish") – the submarine insignia worn by officers (gold) and enlisted personnel (silver) to demonstrate their achievement.
The insignia of the U.S. Navy's Submarine Service is a submarine flanked by tw…
See also
• List of submarines of the United States Navy
• List of lost United States submarines
• List of United States submarine classes
• Familygram, the method by which the families of submariners can communicate with their loved ones at sea
External links
• Submarine Warfare Division website Information, history, and US Navy articles
• Undersea Warfare magazine Undersea Warfare is the official magazine of the US Navy undersea warfare community.
• Official US Navy submarine websites