What is a strobilus?
Jan 25, 2022 · A strobilus (plural: strobili) is a structure present on many land plant species consisting of sporangia-bearing structures densely aggregated along a stem. Strobili are often called cones, but some botanists restrict the use …
What is the difference between strobilus and cone?
strobilus [ strō-bī ′ləs ] Plural strobili (strō-bī′lī) A reproductive structure that consists of sporophylls or scales arranged spirally or in an overlapping fashion along a central …
Are there any flowering plants that are similar to strobili?
stro·bi·lus (strō-bī′ləs) n.pl.stro·bi·li(-bī′lī) 1. A cone of a gymnosperm or of a seedless vascular plant such as a horsetail or a club moss. 2. Any of various similar structures, such as the female inflorescence of a hop plant, which is composed of small flowers obscured by …
What is a strobili stem?
Dec 22, 2020 · Noun strobilus ( plural strobili ) ( botany) A cone -shaped fruiting body in general ( botany) More particularly a more-or-less cone -shaped fruiting body of any of various gymnosperms and vascular sporophytes.
What is the definition of a strobilus?
Definition of strobilus 1 : an aggregation of sporophylls resembling a cone (as in the club mosses and horsetails) 2 : the cone of a gymnosperm.
What is strobili in biology?
noun, plural stro·bi·li [stroh-bahy-lahy]. Botany. a reproductive structure characterized by overlapping scalelike parts, as a pine cone or the fruit of the hop. a conelike structure composed of sporophylls, as of the club mosses and horsetails.
What is strobilus in gymnosperms?
Strobilus or cone is the reproductive structure of gymnosperms. Both male and female strobili can be present on the same (seen in Pinus) or on different trees (seen in Cycas). Gymnosperm plants are heterosporous. They produce different spores, which are the haploid microspores and megaspores.
What is a strobilus and what is an advantage of having one?
What is the possible advantage of this location for the strobili? The strobili hold the sporangia that produce the spores; having the strobilus up off of the ground increases the efficiency of spore dispersal.
What is Selaginella strobilus?
The genus Selaginella is classified in the division Lycophyta, which includes the numerous plants commonly known as clubmosses and spike mosses. Similar to their close relatives, Selaginella plants develop strobili, spike-like reproductive organs that form on fertile branches.
What is the position of strobilus in Equisetum?
Strobilus: The strobilus are terminal in position and generally are borne terminally on the chlorophyllous vegetative shoot (Fig. 7.86A).
What is strobilus in Pteridophytes?
A strobilus (plural: strobili) is a structure present on many land plant species consisting of sporangia-bearing structures densely aggregated along a stem.
Do ferns have strobilus?
no strobilus. Spores form on leaves in structures called sori. Some sori are covered by an indusium. The leaves with sori are often called sporophylls....Uses.phylumspore typesporangia locationhorsetailshomosporusterminal strobilus3 more rows
Is strobilus a sporophyte or gametophyte?
Answer. Strobilus is the spore bearing structure so it is the sporophyte generation. It is present in many species of terrestrial plants and it consists of sporangia. It is also commonly called as cone.Dec 11, 2018
What is a strobilus?
A strobilus (plural: strobili) is a structure present on many land plant species consisting of sporangia -bearing structures densely aggregated along a stem. Strobili are often called cones, but some botanists restrict the use of the term cone to the woody seed strobili of conifers. Strobili are characterized by a central axis (anatomically a stem) surrounded by spirally arranged or decussate structures that may be modified leaves or modified stems .
Which genus produces strobili?
The single extant genus of Equisetophyta, Equisetum, produces strobili in which the lateral organs are sporangiophores. Developmental evidence and comparison with fossil members of the group show that the sporangiophores are reduced stems, rather than leaves. Sporangia are terminal.
What are sporangia-bearing stems called?
Leaves that bear sporangia are called sporophylls, while sporangia-bearing stems are called sporangiophores .
What are the organs of a cycladophyta?
Cycadophyta are typically dioecious (seed strobili and pollen strobili are produced on separate plants). The lateral organs of seed strobili are megasporophylls (modified leaves) that bear two to several marginal ovules. Pollen strobili consist of microsporophylls, each of which may have dozens or hundreds of abaxial microsporangia.
What is the seed cone of a conifer?
Seed cones of many conifers are compound strobili. The central stem produces bracts and in the axil of each bract is a cone scale. Morphologically the cone scale is a reduced stem. Ovules are produced on the adaxial surface of the cone scales.
Which class of Lycopodiophyta produces strobili?
Some members of both of the two modern classes of Lycopodiophyta ( Lycopodiopsida and Isoetopsida) produce strobili. In all cases, the lateral organs of the strobilus are microphylls, bearing sporangia. In other lycophytes, ordinary foliage leaves can act as sporophylls, and there are no organized strobili.
Do Ginkgo biloba have strobili?
The single living member of the Ginkgophyta, Ginkgo biloba produces pollen strobili, but the ovules are typically borne in pairs at the end of a stem, not in a strobilus. When there are more than a pair of ovules in " G. biloba ", however, or when fossil taxa bearing large numbers of ovules are examined, it is clear that the paired ovules in the extant species are a highly reduced strobilus .
What is a strobili?
n. pl. stro·bi·li (-bī′lī) 1. A cone of a gymnosperm or of a seedless vascular plant such as a horsetail or a club moss. 2. Any of various similar structures, such as the female inflorescence of a hop plant, which is composed of small flowers obscured by overlapping green bracts. [Late Latin, pine cone, from Greek strobilos, twisted object, ...
Which tree has a cylindrical strobili?
The cylindrical strobili of Asterophyllites grandis possess bracts similar to the vegetative leaves, and sporangiophores situated at about middle distance between verticils. The tree keeps the cone in longer period than strobili in a year.
What is a conelike structure?
1. a reproductive structure characterized by overlapping scalelike parts, as a pine cone or the fruit of the hop. 2. a conelike structure composed of sporophylls, as in the club mosses and horsetails.
Is pine nut a female strobili?
Nevertheless, the pine nut is only one of the components of the female strobili of the Araucaria. The cylindrical strobili of Asterophyllites grandis possess bracts similar to the vegetative leaves, and sporangiophores situated at about middle distance between verticils.
English
Borrowed from Ancient Greek στρόβιλος (stróbilos). According to Liddell and Scott, 8th ed. 1882: of various meanings such as a pine-cone, something screwed up into a lump like a pine-cone, a pine tree and more.
Etymology
Borrowed from Ancient Greek στρόβιλος (stróbilos). According to Liddell and Scott, 8th ed. 1882: of various meanings such as a pine-cone, something screwed up into a lump like a pine-cone, a pine tree and more.
What is the whorl of a dicotyledonous flower?
Sometimes used by other authors to describe the floral whorl of a dicotyledonous flower when it is uncertain if the whorl is calycine or corolline in origin or used as a collective term for calyx and corolla. the wall of a fruit developed from the ovary wall. Composed of the exocarp, mesocarp and endocarp.
What is the auricle?
auricle. an ear shaped appendage at the base of a leaf, leaflet or corolla lobe; or an ear-like outgrowth at the base of the sheath of some grasses and other monocots. adj. auriculate, also used to describe a leaf base which has lobes on both sides of the petiole. autotrophic.
What is the flower tube?
covered with tufts of soft woolly hairs that usually rub off readily. floral tube. the part of the flower enveloping an ovary and formed by the fusion of the calyx tube, corolla tube and sometimes stamen filaments and receptacle. Variously referred to elsewhere as calyx tube, perigynium or hypanthium.
What is a dry, 1-seeded, indehiscent fruit formed from a superior ovary
without a stem, or with stem so short that the leaves appear basal. achene. a dry, 1-seeded, indehiscent fruit formed from a superior ovary of one carpel. Used to describe the fruit of the Asteraceae formed from an inferior ovary, following the definition given by De Candolle; equivalent to the term cypsela.
What is the male part of a flower?
the male part of a flower; a collective term for the stamens of one flower. androgynous. having male and female flowers in distinct parts of the same inflorescence. andromonoecious. having male flowers and bisexual flowers on the same plant. cf. gynomonoecious. angiosperm.
What is the lobe of the calyx?
lobe. a usually rounded or pointed projecting part, usually one of two or more, each separated by a fissure or sinus. The terms calyx lobe, corolla lobe and floral lobe are used here for the projections of the calyx, corolla or floral tube. cf. segment.
Overview
A strobilus (plural: strobili) is a structure present on many land plant species consisting of sporangia-bearing structures densely aggregated along a stem. Strobili are often called cones, but some botanists restrict the use of the term cone to the woody seed strobili of conifers. Strobili are characterized by a central axis (anatomically a stem) surrounded by spirally arranged or decussate structures that may be modified leaves or modified stems.
Lycophytes
Some members of both of the two modern classes of Lycopodiophyta (Lycopodiopsida and Isoetopsida) produce strobili. In all cases, the lateral organs of the strobilus are microphylls, bearing sporangia. In other lycophytes, ordinary foliage leaves can act as sporophylls, and there are no organized strobili.
• Strobili of Diphasiastrum
Sphenophytes
The single extant genus of Equisetophyta, Equisetum, produces strobili in which the lateral organs are sporangiophores. Developmental evidence and comparison with fossil members of the group show that the sporangiophores are reduced stems, rather than leaves. Sporangia are terminal.
• Strobilus of Equisetum
• Strobilus of Equisetum
Seed plants
With the exception of flowering plants, seed plants produce ovules and pollen in different structures. Strobili bearing microsporangia are called microsporangiate strobili or pollen cones, and those bearing ovules are megasporangiate strobili or seed cones (or ovulate cones).
Cycadophytaare typically dioecious (seed strobili and pollen strobili are produced on separate plants). The lateral organs of seed strobili are megasporophylls (modified leaves) that bear two t…
Evolution of strobili
It is likely that strobili evolved independently in most if not all these groups. This evolutionary convergence is not unusual, since the form of a strobilus is one of the most compact that can be achieved in arranging lateral organs around a cylindric axis, and the consolidation of reproductive parts in a strobilus may optimize spore dispersal and nutrient partitioning.
Etymology
The word strobilus is related to the ancient Greek strobilos = whirlwind. The Hebrew word for conifer cone, itstrubal, is an ancient borrowing from the Greek.