Specialised cells in animals and plants
| Specialised cell type | Function | Features of cell that allow it to perfor ... |
| Beta cell (in pancreas) | Releases hormone insulin | Uses its genetic instructions to assembl ... |
| Skeletal muscle cell | Contracts to allow movement of body part ... | Contains long protein filaments that can ... |
| Neuron (nerve cell) | Transmits electrical impulses from one p ... | Contain membrane proteins that carry out ... |
| Red blood cell | Carries oxygen to body tissues that requ ... | Contains the protein haemoglobin, which ... |
What is a specialised cell?
What are specialised cells? 1 Specialised cells have a specific role to perform. 2 Each specialised cell has a different job to do. They have special features that allow them to do these jobs. 3 Muscle cells, for example, are held together in bundles, which pull together to make muscles contract. More ...
Why do cells have specialised functions?
Each type of cell, has its own job to do. These cells have special features that allow them to perform their functions effectively. Here are some examples of specialised cells and the features they have to help them with their role:
What is a cell?
- What are cells? - 3rd level Science Revision - BBC Bitesize What are specialised cells? Most cells share features such as having a nucleus, a cell membrane, cytoplasm and mitochondria. There are differences between cells, too.
Why are cells in many multicellular animals and plants specialised?
The cells in many multicellular animals and plants are specialised, so that they can share out the processes of life. They work together like a team to support the different processes in an organism.
What is a Specialised cell GCSE?
Many cells are specialised. They have structures that are adapted for their function. For example, muscle cells bring parts of the body closer together. They contain protein fibres that can contract when energy is available, making the cells shorter.
What is a specialized cell short answer?
Cell specialization In multicellular organisms, cells work together to perform all of the functions necessary for life. Each type of cell has its own special job to do. This is known as cell specialization. Each type of cell needs different structures to carry out its job effectively.
What is a Specialised cell in an animal?
A specialised animal cell is a cell that has a special shape or special features to do a certain job in the animal.
What is a specialized cell in plants?
Specialised plant cells have components that allow them to complete a specific purpose. Specialised plant cells include root hair cells, palisade cells, xylem cells and phloem cells.
What is a specialized cell?
The definition of specialized cells are cells with unique structures and functions in the body. Specialized cells work together in groups to form different tissue types, such as muscle tissue or nervous tissue. Tissues work together to form organs that perform a specific function in the body.
Which cell is a specialized cell?
Specialized cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs, and organs make up the systems that work together to make up our bodies. Nerve cells, blood cells, and reproductive cells are examples of specialized cells.
What are the specialized cells in plants and animals?
Specialised cells in animals and plantsSpecialised cell typeAnimal or plant cell?Neuron (nerve cell)AnimalRed blood cellAnimalSperm cellAnimalPhloem cellPlant3 more rows
What are specialized cells Igcse?
A specialised cell is when a cell has certain features that make it very good at its job. Cell differentiation: Cell differentiation is when an unspecialised cell becomes specialised.
How do specialized cells work?
Specialized cells perform specialized functions in multicellular organisms. Groups of specialized cells cooperate to form a tissue, such as a muscle. Different tissues are in turn grouped together to form larger functional units, called organs.
What is the difference between a cell and a specialized cell?
The main difference between stem cells and specialised cells is that stem cells are the undifferentiated cells of a multicellular organism whereas specialized cells are the differentiated cells to perform a unique function in the body.
Why do cells specialize?
Cell specializations make it possible to express fewer genes in individual cells of multicellular organisms, thus protecting genes from the damage of mutagens.
What is cell specialization and why is it important?
Cell specialization, also known as cell differentiation, is the process by which generic cells change into specific cells meant to do certain tasks within the body. Cell specialization is most important in the development of embryos.
What are the features of a cell?
Most cells share features such as having a nucleus, a cell membrane, cytoplasm and mitochondria. There are differences between cells, too. Each type of cell, has its own job to do. These cells have special features that allow them to perform their functions effectively.
What are the different types of muscle cells?
There are different types of muscle cell, each perfectly adapted to its function: 1 Cardiac (heart) muscle cells are branched, and they join together to make a net. Cardiac muscle cells contract rhythmically, even outside the body. They never get tired. 2 Skeletal muscle is joined to bones. Its cells contract to make bones move and joints bend. 3 Smooth muscle cells make up thin sheets of muscle, such as the stomach lining. They can also be arranged in bundles, or rings, like that in the anus.
Which muscle cells are held together in bundles?
Muscle cells are held together in bundles, which pull together to make muscles contract (get shorter and fatter). Cardiac (heart) muscle cells are branched, and they join together to make a net. Cardiac muscle cells contract rhythmically, even outside the body. They never get tired. Skeletal muscle is joined to bones.
How long can a nerve cell be?
They are thin, and can be more than 1 metre long. This means they can carry messages up and down the body over large distances. Nerve cells have branched connections at each end. These join to other nerve cells, allowing them to pass messages around the body. They have a fatty (myelin) sheath that surrounds them.
What are the features of a cell?
Most cells share features such as having a nucleus, a cell membrane, cytoplasm and mitochondria. There are differences between cells, too. Each type of cell, has its own job to do. These cells have special features that allow them to perform their functions effectively.
Why are red blood cells so well suited to this function?
They are well suited to this function because: They contain haemoglobin, which carries oxygen molecules. They don't have a nucleus, allowing more space to carry oxygen.
Root hair cells
Roots hold plants in place as they grow and also absorb water and minerals from the soil. Roots divide into smaller and smaller branches as they travel into the soil. The outside surface of roots are covered with root hair cells, which have tiny 'hairs' which poke into the soil.
Palisade cells
When the Sun shines, photosynthesis in plant cells makes sugar for growth, reproduction and other life processes. Photosynthesis occurs in a special chemical called chlorophyll , which is found in parts of plant cells called chloroplasts . Palisade cells are the major site of photosynthesis. They are well adapted for this function because:
Xylem and phloem cells
Xylem cells run inside stems of plants from their roots to their leaves. Xylem cells die and their ends break down. This allows them to form long tubes to carry water upwards for photosynthesis. They have thick cell walls to provide support to the plant. This holds the leaves up for photosynthesis and the flowers up for reproduction.
What is cell division?
Cell division allows for growth and replacement of dead cells. Most multicellular organisms are made of different cell types that are specialised to carry out specific functions. Part of. Biology. Multicellular organisms.
How do cells work together?
In multicellular animals and plants, groups of specialised cells work together to create more complex structures: 1 Groups of specialised cells that carry out particular functions are called tissues. 2 Organs are body parts that are made of several different types of tissue and carry out one or more particular functions. 3 Groups of organs can work together in organ systems such as the circulatory system or the respiratory system.
Which cell features allow it to perform its function?
Features of cell that allow it to perform its function. Beta cell (in pancreas) Animal. Releases hormone insulin. Uses its genetic instructions to assemble insulin. Skeletal muscle cell. Animal. Contracts to allow movement of body parts. Contains long protein filaments that can slide past each other to shorten the cell.
What are the groups of cells that carry out specific functions called?
Groups of specialised cells that carry out particular functions are called tissues. Organs are body parts that are made of several different types of tissue and carry out one or more particular functions. Groups of organs can work together in organ systems such as the circulatory system or the respiratory system.
