Connection Attributes
| Name | Type | Usage |
| SQL_COPT_SS_SERVER_SPN ... | SQLTCHAR, read/write | Specifies the SPN for the server. The de ... |
| SQL_COPT_SS_INTEGRATED_AUTHENTICATION_ME ... | SQLTCHAR, read-only | Returns the authentication method used f ... |
| SQL_COPT_SS_MUTUALLY_AUTHENTICATED | SQLSMALLINT, read-only | Returns SQL_TRUE if the server in the co ... |
What does SPN stand for in server?
Service Principle Name <spn; Service Principal Names; The default installation of IIS 7 and later does not include the Windows authentication role service. Principal names and DNS¶ Kerberos clients can do DNS lookups to canonicalize service principal names .
Do I need to set up SPN for SQL Server?
To enable the SPN to be registered automatically on SQL Server startup the service must be running under the "Local System" or "Network Service" accounts (not recommended), under a domain administrator account, or under an account that has permissions to register an SPN.
What is SPN service principal name?
What is a service principal name in Active Directory?
- On the Domain Controller machine, start Active Directory Users and Computers.
- Select View > Advanced.
- Under Computers, locate one of the Network Controller machine accounts, and then right-click and select Properties.
- Select the Security tab and click Advanced.
What is SPN in Active Directory?
serviceclass/host:port servicename
- The distinguished name or objectGUID of an object in Active Directory Domain Services, such as a service connection point (SCP).
- The DNS name of the domain for a service that provides a specified service for a domain as a whole.
- The DNS name of an SRV or MX record.
How do I find my server SPN?
Viewing SPNs To view a list of the SPNs that a computer has registered with Active Directory from a command prompt, use the setspn –l hostname command, where hostname is the actual host name of the computer object that you want to query.
What is Server SPN in SQL Server?
A service principal name (SPN) is the name by which a client uniquely identifies an instance of a service. The Kerberos authentication service can use an SPN to authenticate a service.
What is a network SPN?
The SPN is a unique identifier for the Network Controller service instance, which is used by Kerberos authentication to associate a service instance with a service login account. For more details, see Service Principal Names.
What is SPN and is used in Active Directory?
A Service Principal Name (SPN) is a name in Active Directory that a client uses to uniquely identify an instance of a service. An SPN combines a service name with a computer and user account to form a type of service ID.
Why is SPN needed?
A service principal name (SPN) is a unique identifier of a service instance. SPNs are used by Kerberos authentication to associate a service instance with a service logon account. This allows a client application to request that the service authenticate an account even if the client does not have the account name.
How do you create an SPN?
SPNs are registered for built-in accounts automatically. However, when you run a service under a domain user account, you must manually register the SPN for the account you want to use. To create an SPN, you can use the SetSPN command line utility.
How do you check if SPN is registered or not?
Verify SPN has been successfully registered Using SETSPN Command Line Utility. In Command Line enter the following command: setspn -L
Where are SPN records stored?
If the service runs under a user account, the SPNs are stored in the servicePrincipalName attribute of that account. If the service runs in the LocalSystem account, the SPNs are stored in the servicePrincipalName attribute of the account of the service's host computer.
What is SPN Azure?
What is a service principal name? An Azure SPN is a security identity used by user-created applications, services, and automation tools to access specific Azure resources. Think of it as a 'user identity' (username and password or certificate) with a specific role, and tightly controlled permissions.
What is service principal name example?
A Service Principal Name is a concept from Kerberos . It's an identifier for a particular service offered by a particular host within an authentication domain. The common form for SPNs is service class / fqdn @ REALM (e.g. IMAP/mail.example.com@EXAMPLE.COM ).
What is SPN attribute?
The SPN is the name a client uses to uniquely identify an instance of a service. If you install multiple instances of a service on computers throughout a forest, each instance must have its own SPN. A given service instance can have multiple SPNs if there are multiple names that clients might use for authentication.
How do I list SPN in SQL Server?
In Command Line enter the following command: setspn -L
How do I register for SQL Server SPN?
To enable the SPN to be registered automatically on SQL Server startup the service must be running under the "Local System" or "Network Service" accounts (not recommended), under a domain administrator account, or under an account that has permissions to register an SPN.
How do I know if Kerberos authentication is enabled in SQL Server?
Open a new query window and run the following statement: SELECT auth_scheme FROM sys. dm_exec_connections WHERE session_id = @@SPID; A result of Kerberos indicates that your setup so far is working.
What is difference between Kerberos and NTLM authentication?
The main difference between NTLM and Kerberos is in how the two protocols manage authentication. NTLM relies on a three-way handshake between the client and server to authenticate a user. Kerberos uses a two-part process that leverages a ticket granting service or key distribution center.
What is SPN in Kerberos?
A service principal name (SPN) is the name by which a Kerberos client uniquely identifies an instance of a service for a given Kerberos target computer. If you install multiple instances of a service on computers throughout a forest, each instance must have its own SPN. A given service instance can have multiple SPNs if there are multiple names ...
What is SPN registration?
SPN Registration. The SPN is registered in Active Directory under a user account as an attribute called Service-Principal-Name. The SPN is assigned to the account under which the service the SPN identifies is running. Any service can look up the SPN for another service.
How to check SPNs?
To check the SPNs that are registered for a specific computer using that computer, you can run the following commands from a command prompt: setspn -L hostname - Substitute the actual hostname for the computer for hostname ( to see the hostname, type hostname as a command prompt).
What is a forward slash in SPN?
Be aware that the SPN syntax uses a forward slash (/) to separate elements, so this character cannot appear in a service class name. host. The name of the computer on which the service is running. This can be a fully-qualified DNS name or a NetBIOS name.
Can a service instance have multiple SPNs?
A given service instance can have multiple SPNs if there are multiple names that clients might use for authentication. For example, an SPN always includes the name of the host computer on which the service instance is running, so a service instance might register an SPN for each name or alias of its host. ↑ Return to Top.
Do you need a colon between host and port?
serviceclass and host are required, but port and service name are optional. The colon between host and port is only required when a port is present. See the following table for a description of each element in the command above: A string that identifies the general class of service; for example, "SqlServer".
Can Kerberos be used for SPN?
Kerberos authentication is not possible for services when SPNs are not correctly configured. SPNs uniquely identify services running on servers, so when an SPN is missing from a computer account, the user often sees an authentication, credential, permission, or access error message. ↑ Return to Top.
What is SPN in Kerberos?
The SPN is a unique identifier for the Network Controller service instance, which is used by Kerberos authentication to associate a service instance with a service login account. For more details, see Service Principal Names.
What happens if SPN is not registered?
If SPN is not registered, REST client authentication uses NTLM, which is less secure. You also get a critical event in the Admin channel of NetworkController-Framework event channel asking you to provide permissions to the Network Controller nodes to register SPN.
What authentication method does a network controller use?
You can use Kerberos based authentication, X509 certificate-based authentication. You also have the option to use no authentication for test deployments.
Why does SQL Server fail to register SPNs?
However, registration will fail if there are insufficient access rights for the account that attempts to register the SPNs. Domain and computer accounts are registered automatically in Active Directory.
What is the parameter of sp_addlinkedserver?
When linked servers are created, the @provstr parameter of sp_addlinkedserver can be used to specify the server and failover partner SPNs. The benefits of doing this are the same as specifying SPNs in client connection strings: It is simpler and more reliable to establish connections that use Kerberos authentication.
Can SPNs be overridden?
Applications should be aware that SPNs in connection strings can be overridden by setting the corresponding connection attributes, but connection strings used by connection pooling will use the connection string values for pooling purposes.
Can SPNs be passed between connections?
SPNs are not stored in the failover cache and therefore cannot be passed between connections. SPNs will be used on all connection attempts to the principal and partner when specified in the connection string or connection attributes.
What is SPN in Kerberos?
An SPN is a unique identifier for a service on a network that uses Kerberos authentication. It consists of a service class, a host name, and sometimes a port. HTTP SPNs do not require a port. On a network that uses Kerberos authentication, an SPN for the server must be registered under either a built-in computer account ...
Do SPNs require port?
It consists of a service class, a host name, and sometimes a port. HTTP SPNs do not require a port. On a network that uses Kerberos authentication, an SPN for the server must be registered under either a built-in computer account (such as NetworkService or LocalSystem) or user account. SPNs are registered for built-in accounts automatically.
Connection String Keywords
The following connection string keywords enable client applications to specify an SPN.
Connection Attributes
The following connection attributes enable client applications to specify an SPN and query for the authentication method.
What is an SPN in AD?
First of all, an SPN is like an alias for an AD object, which can be a Service Account, User Account or Computer object, that lets other AD resources know which services are running under which accounts and creates associations between them in Active Directory. There are several ways to check which SPNs are assigned to an object.
How to see SPNs in Active Directory?
To be able to see the SPNs using Active Directory Users and Computers, you need to have Advanced Features enabled in the console by going to the View menu. After enabling it, go to the desired AD object, choose Properties and go to the Attribute Editor tab: