What does Pithom mean?
C. R. Conder PITHOM, this was discovered in 1883, by Naville, on the line of the ancient canal, a few ms. w. of Ismailia. It was a temple city dedicated to the god Tum, the syllable Pi means "city," or "place", and it was in the district of Succoth, hence called Pithom in Succoth, 48 ms. n.w. from the Bed Sea, at Suez.
What is the meaning of Piton?
Definition of piton. : a spike, wedge, or peg that is driven into a rock or ice surface as a support (as for a mountain climber)
What is a pitam in Judaism?
A pitam or pitom (Hebrew: פיטום; plural pitamim) is composed of a style (Hebrew: "דַד" dad ), and a stigma (Hebrew: "שׁוֹשַׁנְתָּא" shoshanta ), and usually falls off during the growing process. An etrog with an intact pitam is considered especially valuable, but varieties that naturally shed their pitam during growth are also considered kosher.
What is the significance of the city of Pithom in Egypt?
Pithom is one of the cities which, according to Exodus 1:11, was built for the Pharaoh of the oppression by the forced labor of the Israelites. The other city was Ramses; and the Septuagint adds a third, "On, which is Heliopolis."
Is an etrog a lemon?
The etrog is one of the four “founding fathers” of all the citrus fruit in the world, alongside pomelo, mandarin and papedas (from which yuzu and kaffir lime are derived). That's right. An etrog is not a type of lemon, but rather the other way around.
What fruit is esrog?
yellow citronEtrog (Hebrew: אֶתְרוֹג, plural: etrogim; Ashkenazi Hebrew: esrog, plural: esrogim) is the yellow citron or Citrus medica used by Jews during the week-long holiday of Sukkot as one of the four species.
What is a etrog in Judaism?
etrog, (Hebrew: “citron”) also spelled ethrog or esrog, plural etrogim, ethrogim, esrogim, etrogs, ethrogs, or esrogs, one of four species of plants used during the Jewish celebration of Sukkot (Feast of Booths), a festival of gratitude to God for the bounty of the earth that is celebrated in autumn at the end of the ...
What does an etrog taste like?
The willow offers neither taste nor fragrance, Rosen notes, while myrtle smells good but has no taste. Palms produce delicious dates but no significant scent. Etrog skin, when rubbed, is intoxicatingly fragrant, somewhat like a lemon. And although hardly a meal, the thick white pith inside is edible and mildly sweet.
What is the Pitom on an etrog?
The pitom is the remnant of the part of the flower that received pollen during fertilization. An etrog that sheds its pitom during the growing process is kosher. But an etrog with a pitom that breaks off during the holiday is considered damaged and no longer kosher for performing the mitzvah of the Four Species.
What is the Pitom on a esrog?
The pitam is the remnant of the female part of the flower. Once fertilized the pitam is no longer needed and, in almost every kind of fruit, it withers away. The esrog is unique in that in many cases it remains.
Is etrog mentioned in the Bible?
Etrog is in part Moster's detailed interpretation of the meaning of three words of Hebrew text that appear in Leviticus.
What do the 4 species symbolize?
In the Midrash, the four species symbolize four types of Jews, with differing levels of Torah knowledge and observance. Bringing them together represents our unity as a nation—despite our external differences.
What are the 4 species Sukkot?
These species are lulav (palm branch), hadas (myrtle), arava (willow) and etrog (citron) and they are used to bless the Sukkah or booth in which Sukkot is celebrated. These four plants are mentioned in the third book of the Torah, Leviticus.
Can I eat my etrog?
Although the natural fruit is quite bitter, etrog marmalade is a must because the process of soaking in water removes the bitterness and allows the natural strong fragrance to shine. You could eat etrog marmalade on toast, mixed into yoghurt, or slathered on a scone.
How much does an etrog cost?
Most etrogim sell for $10 to $15 retail; wealthy buyers might pay $1,000 for an especially fine specimen. Prices like those for an unprepossessing citrus fruit have led some consumers to wonder whether the market has been rigged.
Can you grow etrog?
Etrog trees thrive in subtropical to tropical climates. Again, as with other citrus, growing etrog citron dislike “wet feet.” Propagation occurs via grafts and seeds. Etrog citron for use in Jewish religious ceremonies cannot be grafted or budded onto other citrus rootstock, however.
Where is Pithom located?
Pithom, Egyptian Per-Atum or Per Tum (“Estate of Atum”), probably modern Tall al-Maskhūṭah, ancient Egyptian city located near Ismailia in ...
Where is Per Tum?
Pithom, Egyptian Per-Atum or Per Tum (“Estate of Atum”), probably modern Tall al-Maskhūṭah, ancient Egyptian city located near Ismailia in Al-Ismāʿīliyyah muḥāfaẓah (governorate) and mentioned in the Bible (Exodus 1:11) as one of the treasure houses built for the pharaoh by the Hebrews prior to the Exodus.
Where is Pithom located?
The site of Pithom, as identified by Naville, is to the east of the Wady Tumilat, south-west of Ismailia. Here was formerly a group of granite statues representing Rameses II., standing between two gods; and from this it had been inferred that this was the city of Raamses mentioned in Ex. i. 11.
When was Pithom discovered?
The location of Pithom was a subject of much conjecture and debate until its site was discovered by E. Naville in the spring of 1883. Herodotus (ii. 158) says that the canal made by Necho to connect the Red Sea with the Nile "passes Patumos, a city in the Arabian nome.".
Which city was built for the Pharaoh of the oppression by the forced labor of the Israelites?
One of the cities which, according to Ex. i. 11, was built for the Pharaoh of the oppression by the forced labor of the Israelites. The other city was Raamses; and the Septuagint adds a third, "On, which is Heliopolis.".
Where is Pithom located?
The site of Pithom, as identified by Naville, is at the eastern edge of Wadi Tumilat, south-west of Ismaïlia. Petrie agreed with this identification.
Where did the name Pithom come from?
The name. This name comes from Hebrew פיתום Pithom which was taken from the Late Egyptian name *Pi-ʔAtōm (< *Par-ʔAtāma) 'House of Atum '. Atum, a solar deity, was one of the major gods of ancient Egypt, and a sun-god of Heliopolis .
Who first identified Pithom?
This opinion goes back to the 19th century, when Alan Gardiner first identified Pithom with the site of Tell El Retaba, and this was later accepted by William F. Albright, and Kenneth Kitchen.
What is the other city in the Septuagint?
The other city was Ramses; and the Septuagint adds a third, " On, which is Heliopolis .". These cities are called by a Hebrew term rendered in the Authorized Version "treasure cities" and in the Revised Version "store cities.". The Septuagint renders it πόλεις ὀχυραί "strong [or "fortified"] cities.".
Where are the Etrogim?
Etrogim were extensively cultivated in the Holy Land at the time of the Second Temple, and images of etrogim are found at many archaeological sites of that era, including mosaics at the Maon Synagogue, Beth Alpha Synagogue, and Hamat Tiberias Synagogue. At all of those sites, the etrog is depicted alongside other important religious symbols, like the shofar or menorah. The etrog is also found on numerous Bar Kokhba coins .
What is the etrog in Sukkot?
Together with the lulav, hadass, and aravah, the etrog is taken in hand and held or waved during specific portions of the holiday prayers . Special care is often given to selecting an etrog for the performance of the Sukkot holiday rituals.
What is the Hebrew word for fruit?
The romanization of the Hebrew word as etrog according to the Sephardic pronunciation is widely used. The Ashkenazi Hebrew pronunciation is esrog or esrig. It has been transliterated as ethrog or ethrogh in scholarly work, which is according to Yemenite Hebrew. The Hebrew word is thought to derive from the Persian name for the fruit, turunj ( ترنج ), likely borrowed via Aramaic.
Where is the replica of the Mosaic of Maon?
Replica of Maon Mosaic in Or Torah Synagogue. A similar replica is placed at the yard of Yad Ben Zvi. Ancient Mosaic of Beth Alpha Synagogue, depicting etrog alongside a lulav, shofar and a menora. The four species near a Shofar and Menorah, also found in the ancient Hamat Tiberias Synagogue.
Do pitamim preserve their fruit?
Goldschmidt, emeritus professor of horticulture at the Hebrew University. While working with the picloram hormone in a citrus orchard, he unexpectedly discovered that some of the Valencia oranges found nearby had perfectly preserved pitamim. Citrus fruits, other than an etrog or citron hybrid like the bergamot, usually do not preserve their pitam. On the occasions that they do, their pitamim tend to be dry, sunken and very fragile. In Dr. Goldschmidt's observation, the pitamim were all fresh and solid like those of the Moroccan or Greek citron varieties.
Is pitam kosher?
A pitam or pitom (Hebrew: פיטום; plural pitamim) is composed of a style (Hebrew: "דַד" dad ), and a stigma (Hebrew: "שׁוֹשַׁנְתָּא" shoshanta ), and usually falls off during the growing process. An etrog with an intact pitam is considered especially valuable, but varieties that naturally shed their pitam during growth are also considered kosher. When only the stigma breaks off, even post-harvest, the citron can still be considered kosher as long as part of the style has remained attached. If the whole pitam, i.e. the stigma and style, are unnaturally broken off in their entirety, the etrog is not kosher for ritual use.
