What is a litter in art?
Tokyo Fuji Art Museum. The litter is a class of wheelless vehicles, a type of human-powered transport, for the transport of people. Smaller litters may take the form of open chairs or beds carried by two or more carriers, some being enclosed for protection from the elements.
How do you transport a patient on a litter?
After patients are picked up in a forward area by litter bearers, they may be moved by surface or air assets to points as far to the rear as required by their medical condition. The patient who must be transported on a litter is referred to as a litter patient. This paragraph implements STANAG 2040 and QSTAG 519.
When did portable litters become popular for transportation?
These have been very rare since the 19th century, but such enclosed portable litters have been used as an elite form of transport for centuries, especially in cultures where women are kept secluded. Sedan chairs, in use until the 19th century, were accompanied at night by link-boys who carried torches.
What are the different types of litters?
Smaller litters may take the form of open chairs or beds carried by two or more carriers, some being enclosed for protection from the elements. Larger litters, for example those of the Chinese emperors, may resemble small rooms upon a platform borne upon the shoulders of a dozen or more people.
What is a litter van?
Litter Van means a vehicle which is modified, equipped and used for the purpose of providing non- emergency medical transportation for those medical passengers with stable medical conditions who require the use of a litter or gurney, and which is not routinely equipped with the medical equipment or personnel required ...
What is a litter in ancient Rome?
Made of wood, the litter was basically a couch, such as the Romans used for sleeping or reclining at dinner. Four posts were added to support an overhead canopy, which provided shade.
What did Cleopatra get carried around on?
palanquin Add to list Share. A palanquin is a covered vehicle without wheels that requires at least four strong people to carry it. Long ago, queens in India were commonly carried around everywhere on palanquins. Another name for a palanquin is a litter.
What is litter for animals?
A litter is the live birth of multiple offspring at one time in animals from the same mother and usually from one set of parents, particularly from three to eight offspring. The word is most often used for the offspring of mammals, but can be used for any animal that gives birth to multiple young.
What is a medieval litter?
The litter is a class of wheelless vehicles, a type of human-powered transport, for the transport of people. Smaller litters may take the form of open chairs or beds carried by two or more carriers, some being enclosed for protection from the elements.
How much is a litter?
Cost Comparison of Litter & LitterboxesLitter BoxCostMaintenanceStandard$6 - 15Scoop daily, clean & replace litter monthlyHooded$15 - 18Scoop daily, clean & replace litter monthlySpecialty$18 - $85Scoop daily, clean & replace litter monthlyDesigner$50 - $500+Scoop daily, clean & replace litter monthly2 more rows
Are palanquins still used?
Palanquins or dolis are still used in the regions where there is no access to other means of transportation. Palanquins or dolis are still used in the regions where there is no access to other means of transportation.
Was Cleopatra a petite?
As to Cleopatra's size, the only hint comes from Plutarch's famous description of her being smuggled into the palace bundled in an oversized sack one autumn night in 48 BC—which argues that at least she was petite.
Was Cleopatra a real person?
Cleopatra, (Greek: “Famous in Her Father”) in full Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator (“Cleopatra the Father-Loving Goddess”), (born 70/69 bce—died August 30 bce, Alexandria), Egyptian queen, famous in history and drama as the lover of Julius Caesar and later as the wife of Mark Antony.
Why is it called a litter?
The word litter comes from the Old French litiere meaning "bed." Animals like dogs or cats have their offspring all in one birth, or on the same bed, making what we call a litter, or group of babies.
What is a dog litter?
A litter of puppies refers to a number of puppies born at the same time by the same female dog. The female dog is the mother of these puppies and these puppies are brother and sister to each other. The noun litter isn't solely used to refer to a number of puppies born at the same time.
What is litter in biology?
Ecologically the term litter has two meanings: the layer of dead plant material present on the soil surface or dead plant material that is detached from a living plant.
What is a litter?
Litter (vehicle) A Japanese Date clan ’s litter with arabesque design in maki-e lacquer. (For Princess Mune) 18th century, Edo period. Tokyo Fuji Art Museum. The litter is a class of wheelless vehicles, a type of human-powered transport, for the transport of persons. Smaller litters may take the form of open chairs or beds carried by two ...
What is a litter in English?
An English sedan chair (late 18th century) at Eaton Hall. The litter is a class of wheelless vehicles, a type of human-powered transport, for the transport of persons. Smaller litters may take the form of open chairs or beds carried by two or more carriers, some being enclosed for protection from the elements.
What is the royal litter called?
In Thailand, the royalty were also carried in wooden litters called wo ("พระวอ" Phra Wo, literally, "Royal Sedan") for large ceremonies. Wos were elaborately decorated litters that were delicately carved and colored by gold leaf. Stained glass is also used to decorate the litters. Presently, Royal Wos and carriages are only used for royal ceremonies in Thailand. They are exhibited in the Bangkok National Museum.
What is a simple litter?
A simple litter consists of a sling attached along its length to poles or stretched inside a frame. The poles or frame are carried by porters in front and behind. Such simple litters are common on battlefields and emergency situations, where terrain prohibits wheeled vehicles from carrying away the dead and wounded.
What was the litter used for in Kongo?
From at least the 15th century until the 19th century, litters of varying types known as tipoye were used in the Kingdom of Kongo as a mode of transportation for the elites. Seat-style litters with a single pole along the back of the chair carried by two men (usually slaves) were topped with an umbrella.
When were portable litters used?
Sedan chairs, in use until the 19th century, were accompanied at night by link-boys who carried torches.
What is the litter called in the Book of Exodus?
The instructions for how to construct the Ark of the Covenant in the Book of Exodus resembles a litter. In Ancient Rome, a litter called lectica or "sella" often carried members of the imperial family, as well as other dignitaries and other members of the rich elite, when not mounted on horseback.
What is litter in the military?
(Entry 1 of 2) 1 a : a covered and curtained couch provided with shafts and used for carrying a single passenger a litter carried on the shoulders of four men — Edwin Tunis. b : a device (such as a stretcher) for carrying a sick or injured person The wounded soldier was carried to the rear by litter. ...
What does "litter" mean in English?
litter. verb. English Language Learners Definition of litter (Entry 2 of 2) : to cover (a surface) with many things in an untidy way. : to throw or leave trash on the ground in a public place. See the full definition for litter in the English Language Learners Dictionary.
What does "litter" mean in medical terms?
2 : the offspring at one birth of a multiparous animal. litter. transitive verb. Medical Definition of litter (Entry 2 of 2) : to give birth to a litter of (young) intransitive verb. : to give birth to a litter.
How many soldiers are used to transport a litter?
A casualty is usually placed on a litter using the modified two-man arms carry or modified two-man fore-and-aft carry. Normally, four soldiers are used to transport the litter.
What is improvised litter?
INTRODUCTION. If a standard litter is not available but materials are available to make an improvised litter and soldiers are available to use as litter bearers, construct an improvised litter and evacuate the casualty on the litter. If litters or time is not available, evacuate the casualty using a two-man manual carry.
How to use a two hand seat carry?
The two-hand seat carry can be used to move a conscious or unconscious casualty for a short distance. Position the casualty on his back. Bearers position themselves on opposite sides of the casualty’s hips and kneel. Each bearer passes one arm under the casualty’s back and the other arm under the casualty’s thigh.
What is a support carry?
This two-man support carry is used to transport a conscious or unconscious casualty, but is especially useful if the casualty is conscious since he may be able to walk or hop with assistance. Bearers kneel on each side of the casualty and face the same direction as the casualty.
What is the third method of transport?
Third method: Manual carry, preferably a two-man carry if an assistant is available; otherwise, a one-man carry. Do not transport a casualty with a suspected fracture of the neck or back unless it is necessary to save his life. Use a back board if available.
Can a vehicle be used to transport a soldier?
Sometimes a vehicle can be used to transport the soldier. At other times, he must be carried to the aid station or to a collection point. If a standard litter is available and soldiers are available to use as litter bearers, evacuate the casualty on the litter. TRANSPORT A CASUALTY.
What is a litter patient?
After patients are picked up in a forward area by litter bearers, they may be moved by surface or air assets to points as far to the rear as required by their medical condition. The patient who must be transported on a litter is referred to as a litter patient.
What is a litter dressed with?
Dressed Litter. A litter is dressed with one, two, or three blankets (Figures 9-12 through 9-14) to reduce the danger of shock and to afford warmth and comfort during transport. In an NBC environment, the litter should be dressed with an impermeable cover (rubber pon- cho or similar material).
How long is a semirigid litter?
The dimensions of this 9-4) is useful in evacuating patients from ships and litter are overall length, 83¾ inches; overall width, in mountainous areas.
LSP Cinch Rescue Collar
The Cinch Rescue Collar allows a victim to enter the collar from either side. When loaded, the vic
Carlson Design Rescue Board
This oversized floatation board was designed to perform swiftwater rescue. Four handles allow a s
LSP Miller Full-Body Splint
The “Miller Board” has been used for years in CMC’s confined space classes and on rescues. Hoo
Skedco Oregon Spine Splint II
Developed by Skedco for use with the Sked Stretcher, the OSS II fits inside a rolled up stretcher. S
Overview
The litter is a class of wheelless vehicles, a type of human-powered transport, for the transport of people. Smaller litters may take the form of open chairs or beds carried by two or more carriers, some being enclosed for protection from the elements. Larger litters, for example those of the Chinese emperors, may resemble small rooms upon a platform borne upon the shoulders of a dozen o…
Definitions
A simple litter consists of a sling attached along its length to poles or stretched inside a frame. The poles or frame are carried by porters in front and behind. Such simple litters are common on battlefields and emergency situations, where terrain prohibits wheeled vehicles from carrying away the dead and wounded.
Litters can also be created quickly by the lashing of poles to a chair. Such litter…
Antiquity
In pharaonic Egypt and many other places such as India, Rome, and China, the ruler and divinities (in the form of an idol like lord Krishna) were often transported in a litter in public, frequently in procession, as during state ceremonial or religious festivals.
The instructions for how to construct the Ark of the Covenant in the Book of Exodus resembles a litter.
In Asia
A palanquin is a covered litter, usually for one passenger. It is carried by an even number of bearers (between two and eight, but most commonly four) on their shoulders, by means of a pole projecting fore and aft.
The word is derived from the Sanskrit palyanka, meaning bed or couch. The Malay and Javanese form is palangki, in Hindi and Bengali, palki. The Portugue…
In Africa
In Southern Ghana the Akan and the Ga-Dangme carry their chiefs and kings in palanquins when they appear in their state durbars. When used in such occasions these palanquins may be seen as a substitutes of a state coach in Europe or a horse used in Northern Ghana. The chiefs of the Ga (mantsemei) in the Greater Accra Region (Ghana) use also figurative palanquins which are buil…
In the West
Portuguese and Spanish navigators and colonisers encountered litters of various sorts in India, Mexico, and Peru. Such novelties, imported into Spain, spread into France and then to Britain. All the European names for these devices ultimately derive from the root sed-, as in Latin sedere, "to sit", which gave rise to seda ("seat") and its diminutive sedula ("little seat"), the latter of which was con…
See also
• Bath chair
• Litter (rescue basket)
• Sling (furniture)
• Mikoshi
• Sedia gestatoria, the portable throne of the popes
Further reading
• Regula Tschumi: Concealed Art. The Figurative Palanquins and Coffins in Ghana. Berne, Edition Till Schaap 2014.
• Regula Tschumi: The Figurative Palanquins of the Ga. History and Significance. In: African Arts, Vol. 46, Nr. 4, 2013, S. 60–73.
• Trevor Fawcett, "Chair transport in Bath": from Bath History, II (1988): richly detailed social history