What was the Nez Perce's religion?
The religion and beliefs of the Nez Perce tribe was based on Animism that encompassed the spiritual or religious idea that the universe and all natural objects animals, plants, trees, rivers, mountains rocks etc have souls or spirits.
What are the Nez Perce's enemies?
The main enemies of the Nez Perce tribe were the Great Basin groups to the south, including the Shoshone, Northern Paiute, and the Bannock tribes. The Nez Perce War was fought between June - October 1877. It was led by Chief Joseph, his brother Ollikut, White Bird and Chief Looking Glass.
What weapons did the Nez Perce use?
War and Weapons
- weapons were made out animal bones
- arrow heads, knives, and nets
- Pebble Tool used for cutting, chopping, crushing, cracking, shredding, and smoothing things.
- ulna tool was made out deer bones used for splitting open bark
What did the Nez Perce make their weapons out of?
The Nez Perce are Native Americans. Their craftwork includes quillwork, basket weaving and painting, according to Native Languages of the Americas. These crafts make use of the items that were readily available to the Nez Perce in the areas where they lived, now known as Idaho, Washington and Oregon. The Nez Perce used the quills of porcupines ...
What is another name for the Nez Perce?
The Nez Perce, also known as the Nimi'ipuu, have been known by other names, as well. Lewis and Clark called them the Chopuunish, and later writers called them the Sahaptin.
What is the true name of the Nez Perce nation?
Nez Percé, self-name Nimi'ipuu, North American Indian people whose traditional territory centred on the lower Snake River and such tributaries as the Salmon and Clearwater rivers in what is now northeastern Oregon, southeastern Washington, and central Idaho, U.S. They were the largest, most powerful, and best-known of ...
What are the Nez Perce Indians known for?
The Nez Perce were famous for being excellent horsemen and for breeding fine horses. They are credited with creating the Appaloosa horse breed. There were around 12,000 Nez Perce in 1805, but the population declined to less than 2,000 by the early 1900s.
Is Nez Perce a French word?
Nez Perce comes from the French phrase nez percé, "pierced nose"; however, Nez Perce, who call themselves Nimiipuu, meaning "the people", did not pierce their noses.
How is Nez Perce pronounce?
0:231:06How to Pronounce Nez Perce? (CORRECTLY) Meaning ... - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipThis is normally pronounced as nay percy or nay per se.MoreThis is normally pronounced as nay percy or nay per se.
What tribe was Chief Crazy Horse?
Crazy Horse or Tasunke Witco was born as a member of the Oglala Lakota on Rapid Creek about 40 miles northeast of Thunderhead Mt. (now Crazy Horse Mountain) in c. 1840.
What is the Appaloosa and why was it so important to the Nez Perce?
The Nez Perce valued the Appaloosa for its intelligent temperament, sure-footedness, endurance, and speed. They required their horses to negotiate the treacherous trails from their winter quarters in the Wallowa Valley of eastern Oregon through the Rocky Mountains to the summer encampments on the Plains.
What is the largest Native American tribe in Idaho?
Idaho by the numbers Among the federally recognized tribes in Idaho, which include the Coeur D'Alene, Kootenai, and Shoshone-Bannock, the Nez Perce have the largest reservation (770,000 acres).
What is the Nez Perce culture?
Traditional Ways The Nez Perce Tribe's government included a leader for many aspects of their traditional lifeways, such as fishing, hunting, warfare, and religion. Councils guided the decisions of each leader. The Nimiipuu people chose leaders and council members based on their knowledge and skill sets.
What does Perce mean in English?
[ adj ] capable of being perceived especially by sight or hearing ; " perceivable through the mist "
What does Perse mean?
: by, of, or in itself or oneself or themselves : as such : intrinsically. per se.
What tribe is Nez Perce?
The Nez Perce Tribe is a federally recognized tribe in north-central Idaho with more than 3,500 enrolled citizens. Headquartered in Lapwai, ID, the Nez Perce Reservation spans about 770,000 acres. The current governmental structure is based on a constitution adopted by the tribe in 1948.
What is the name of the Nez Perce?
Since the late 20th century, the Nez Perce identify most often as Niimíipuu in Sahaptin. This has also been spelled Nee-Me-Poo. The Lakota/ Dakota named them the Watopala, or Canoe people, from Watopa. However, after Nez Perce became a more common name, they changed it to Watopahlute.
Who were the Nez Perce?
The Nez Perce were one of the tribal nations at the Walla Walla Council (1855) (along with the Cayuse, Umatilla, Walla Walla, and Yakama ), which signed the Treaty of Walla Walla.
What is the Nez Perce language?
Language. Main article: Nez Perce language. The Nez Perce language, or Niimiipuutímt, is a Sahaptian language related to the several dialects of Sahaptin. The Sahaptian sub-family is one of the branches of the Plateau Penutian family, which in turn may be related to a larger Penutian grouping.
How many acres were there in the Nez Perce?
The Nez Perce territory at the time of Lewis and Clark (1804–1806) was approximately 17,000,000 acres (69,000 km 2) and covered parts of present-day Washington, Oregon, Montana, and Idaho, in an area surrounding the Snake (Weyikespe), Grande Ronde River, Salmon (Naco’x kuus) (" Chinook salmon Water") and the Clearwater (Koos-Kai-Kai) ("Clear Water") rivers. The tribal area extended from the Bitterroots in the east (the door to the Northwestern Plains of Montana) to the Blue Mountains in the west between latitudes 45°N and 47°N.
What does "nez perce" mean?
Nez Percé is an exonym given by French Canadian fur traders who visited the area regularly in the late 18th century, meaning literally "pierced nose". English-speaking traders and settlers adopted the name in turn. Since the late 20th century, the Nez Perce identify most often as Niimíipuu in Sahaptin.
Where did the Nez Perce hunt buffalo?
The Nez Perce traveled via the Lolo Trail (Salish: Naptnišaqs – "Nez Perce Trail") (Khoo-say-ne-ise-kit) far east as the Plains (Khoo-sayn / Kuseyn) ("Buffalo country") of Montana to hunt buffalo (Qoq'a lx) and as far west as the Pacific Coast (’Eteyekuus) ("Big Water").
Where is the Nez Perce Tribe located?
Today they are a federally recognized tribe, the Nez Perce Tribe of Idaho, and govern their Native reservation in Idaho through a central government headquartered in Lapwai known as the Nez Perce Tribal Executive Committee (NPTEC). They are one of five federally recognized tribes in the state of Idaho.
What is Nez Perce?
Nez Perce, also spelled Nez Percé or called Nimipuutímt (alternatively spelled Nimiipuutímt, Niimiipuutímt, or Niimi'ipuutímt ), is a Sahaptian language related to the several dialects of Sahaptin (note the spellings -ian vs. -in ). Nez Perce comes from the French phrase nez percé, "pierced nose"; however, Nez Perce, who call themselves Nimiipuu, ...
What does "nez perce" mean?
Nez Perce comes from the French phrase nez percé, "pierced nose"; however, Nez Perce, who call themselves Nimiipuu, meaning "the people", did not pierce their noses. This misnomer may have occurred as a result of confusion on the part of the French, as it was surrounding tribes who did so.
What is the meaning of a Nez Perce verb?
As in many other indigenous languages of the Americas, a Nez Perce verb can have the meaning of an entire sentence in English. This manner of providing a great deal of information in one word is called polysynthesis.
What is the phonology of Nez Perce?
Phonology. The phonology of Nez Perce includes vowel harmony (which was mentioned in Noam Chomsky & Morris Halle 's The Sound Pattern of English ), as well as a complex stress system described by Crook (1999).
Where is the Nez Perce language spoken?
It is spoken by the Nez Perce people of the Northwestern United States . Nez Perce is a highly endangered language. While sources differ on the exact number of fluent speakers, it is almost definitely under 100. The Nez Perce tribe is endeavoring to reintroduce the language into native usage through a language revitalization program, ...
Nez Perce alphabet and pronunciation
Stress is indicated with an acute accent (á). On double vowels, only the first vowel is accented (áa).
Links
Information about Nez Perce https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nez_Perce_language https://www.nezperce.org/about/language/ https://www.ethnologue.com/language/nez https://www.nimipuutimt.org/ http://www.native-languages.org/nez.htm https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/dictionaryofnumi00morv http://www.u.arizona.edu/~cashcash/mobi/meadowlarkheart.html.
Overview
Name and history
Their name for themselves is Nimíipuu (pronounced [nimiːpuː]), meaning, "The People", in their language, part of the Sahaptin family.
Nez Percé is an exonym given by French Canadian fur traders who visited the area regularly in the late 18th century, meaning literally "pierced nose". English-speaking traders and settlers adopted the name in turn. Since the late 20th ce…
Language
The Nez Perce language, or Niimiipuutímt, is a Sahaptian language related to the several dialects of Sahaptin. The Sahaptian sub-family is one of the branches of the Plateau Penutian family, which in turn may be related to a larger Penutian grouping.
Aboriginal territory
The Nez Perce territory at the time of Lewis and Clark (1804–1806) was approximately 17,000,000 acres (69,000 km ) and covered parts of present-day Washington, Oregon, Montana, and Idaho, in an area surrounding the Snake (Weyikespe), Grande Ronde River, Salmon (Naco’x kuus) ("Chinook salmon Water") and the Clearwater (Koos-Kai-Kai) ("Clear Water") rivers. The tribal area extende…
Enemies and allies
The Nez Perce had many allies and trading partners among neighboring peoples, but also enemies and ongoing antagonist tribes. To the north of them lived the Coeur d’Alene (Schitsu'umsh) (’Iskíicu’mix), Spokane (Sqeliz) (Heyéeynimuu/Heyeynimu - "Steelhead [Eating] People"), and further north the Kalispel (Ql̓ispé) (Qem’éespel’uu/Q'emespelu, both meaning "Camas People" or "Camas Eaters"), Colville (Páapspaloo/Papspelu - "Fir Tree People") and Kootenay / Koo…
Historic regional bands, bands, local groups, and villages
• Almotipu Band
Territories along Snake River in Hells Canyon up to about 80 miles south of today's Lewiston, Idaho (Simiinekem – "confluence of two rivers" or "river fork", as the Clearwater flows into the Snake River here), in Wallowa Mountains and in the Seven Devils Mountains in Oregon and Idaho. Their fishing and hunting grounds were also used by the Pelloatpallah Band (comprising the "Pal…
Culture
The semi-sedentary Nez Percés were Hunter-gatherer without agriculture living in a society in which most or all food is obtained by foraging (collecting wild plants and roots and pursuing wild animals). They depended on hunting, fishing, and the gathering of wild roots and berries.
Nez Perce people historically depended on various Pacific salmon and Pacific t…
History
In 1805 William Clark was the first known Euro-American to meet any of the tribe, excluding the aforementioned French Canadian traders. While he, Meriwether Lewis and their men were crossing the Bitterroot Mountains, they ran low of food, and Clark took six hunters and hurried ahead to hunt. On September 20, 1805, near the western end of the Lolo Trail, he found a small camp at the edg…
Overview
Nez Perce, also spelled Nez Percé or called Nimipuutímt (alternatively spelled Nimiipuutímt, Niimiipuutímt, or Niimi'ipuutímt), is a Sahaptian language related to the several dialects of Sahaptin (note the spellings -ian vs. -in). Nez Perce comes from the French phrase nez percé, "pierced nose"; however, Nez Perce, who call themselves Nimiipuu, meaning "the people", did not pierce their noses. This mis…
Phonology
The phonology of Nez Perce includes vowel harmony (which was mentioned in Noam Chomsky & Morris Halle's The Sound Pattern of English), as well as a complex stress system described by Crook (1999).
The sounds kʷ, kʼʷ, qʷ, qʼʷ and ʃ only occur in the Downriver dialect.
Nez Perce has an average-sized inventory of five vowels, each marked for length. Unusually for …
Grammar
As in many other indigenous languages of the Americas, a Nez Perce verb can have the meaning of an entire sentence in English. This manner of providing a great deal of information in one word is called polysynthesis. Verbal affixes provide information about the person and number of the subject and object, as well as tense and aspect (e.g. whether or not an action has been completed).
Bibliography
• Aoki, Haruo (1994). Nez Perce Dictionary. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-09763-6.
• Aoki, Haruo (1973). Nez Perce Grammar. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-02524-0.
• Aoki, Haruo. (1979). Nez Perce texts. University of California publications in linguistics (Vol. 90). Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-09593-6., 2, 3
Language learning materials
• Aoki, Haruo. (1994). Nez Perce dictionary. University of California publications in linguistics (Vol. 112). Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-09763-7.
• "Nez Perce Literature and vocabulary". Indigenous Peoples' Literature. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
• McBeth, Sue. "Nez Perce-English Dictionary samples". Retrieved 2013-09-21.
External links
• "Haruo Aoki Papers on the Nez Perce Language". California Language Archive. Retrieved 2013-09-22.
• Nez Perce language videos, YouTube
• Phillip Cash Cash website (Nez Perce researcher)
• A map of American languages (TITUS project)