Full Answer
What did Watson and Rayner demonstrate with their studies of Little Albert?
What did John B Watson and Rosalie Rayner demonstrate with their studies of Little Albert? Through their experiments with Little Albert, Watson and Rayner (1920) demonstrated how fears can be conditioned. Watson offered her a dollar to allow her son to be the subject of his experiments in classical conditioning.
What did John B Watson and Rosalie Rayner do?
He is remembered for his research on the conditioning process, as well as the Little Albert experiment, in which he demonstrated that a child could be conditioned to fear a previously neutral stimulus. what did John B Watson and Rosalie Rayner?
What did Watson and Rayner observe at the age of 9?
Around the age of 9 months, Watson and Rayner exposed the child to a series of stimuli including a white rat, a rabbit, a monkey, masks, and burning newspapers and observed the boy's reactions. The boy initially showed no fear of any of the objects he was shown.
Did John B Watson have the consent of Little Albert's mother?
A. John B. Watson did not have the consent of Little Albert's mother. B. John B. Watson falsified most of his data. C. It is unethical for a researcher to induce fear in a child, since it is harmful to induce fear.
What did John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner demonstrate with their psychological studies of Little Albert?
The Little Albert experiment was a controlled experiment showing empirical evidence of classical conditioning in humans. The study also provides an example of stimulus generalization. It was carried out by John B. Watson and his graduate student, Rosalie Rayner, at Johns Hopkins University.
What did Watson and Rayner demonstrate in their famous Little Albert study?
In addition to demonstrating that emotional responses could be conditioned in humans, Watson and Rayner also observed that stimulus generalization had occurred. 2 After conditioning, Albert feared not just the white rat, but a wide variety of similar white objects as well.
What is the main conclusion John B. Watson's made after his study with Little Albert?
What is the primary conclusion John B. Watson's made after working with Little Albert? Emotions can be a conditioned response.
What is known for using Little Albert and his studies on human emotion?
Psychologist John Watson conducted the Little Albert experiment. Watson is known for his seminal research on behaviorism, or the idea that behavior occurs primarily in the context of conditioning. He was a professor of psychology at Johns Hopkins University, and much of his research revolved around animal behavior.
What did John Watson demonstrate with Little Albert?
Watson is most notable for his work on conditioning and the conditioning process, which is what the Little Albert experiment focused on. This experiment demonstrated that a little child could be conditioned to fear a stimulus that the child was not previously afraid of, which is also known as a neutral stimulus.
What did Watson's Little Albert experiment quizlet?
Watson & Rayner's (1920) experiment on 'Little Albert' demonstrated that classical conditioning principles could be applied to condition the emotional response of fear.
How did Watson demonstrate that fear could be learned?
Then Watson made a loud sound, by striking a hammer against a metal bar hanging behind Little Albert's head, each time Little Albert touched the rat. Little Albert was frightened by the sound—demonstrating a reflexive fear of sudden loud noises—and began to cry.
What does the story of Baby Albert demonstrate?
The Little Albert Experiment demonstrated that classical conditioning could be used to create a phobia. A phobia is an irrational fear, that is out of proportion to the danger. In this experiment, a previously unafraid baby was conditioned to become afraid of a rat.
Who conducted the Little Albert experiment?
The Little Albert experiment was a famous psychology experiment conducted by behaviorist John B. Watson and graduate student Rosalie Rayner.
What was Little Albert's reaction to the experiment?
When Little Albert was 9 months old, Watson and Rayner exposed him to a series of stimuli including a white rat , a rabbit, a monkey, masks, and burning newspapers and observed the boy's reactions.
What did Watson and Rayner observe about stimulus generalization?
Stimulus Generalization. In addition to demonstrating that emotional responses could be conditioned in humans, Watson and Rayner also observed that stimulus generalization had occurred. 2 After conditioning, Albert feared not just the white rat, but a wide variety of similar white objects as well.
Why is the experiment so controversial?
First, the experimental design and process were not carefully constructed. Watson and Rayner did not develop an objective means to evaluate Albert's reactions, instead of relying on their own subjective interpretations.
What is Little Albert's phobia?
Some envisioned the boy growing into a man with a strange phobia of white, furry objects. Recently, the true identity and fate of the boy known as Little Albert was discovered.
How did Douglas die?
The story does not have a happy ending, however. Douglas died at the age of six on May 10, 1925, of hydrocephalus (a build-up of fluid in his brain), which he had suffered from since birth. "Our search of seven years was longer than the little boy’s life," Beck wrote of the discovery.
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What does John want to train his daughter to do?
John wants to train his daughter to excuse herself before she leaves the table. Although he does not know how often he will reward her for excusing herself, he does know that he will not reward her every time she excuses herself. Which reinforcement schedule is John planning to use?
What does Jemma want to teach her son?
Jemma wants to teach her son to say thank you. Every time he says thank you, Jemma praises him and gives him a hug. Which reinforcement schedule is this?
Is it unethical for a researcher to induce fear in a child?
C. It is unethical for a researcher to induce fear in a child, since it is harmful to induce fear.
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What did Watson do to Little Albert?
Watson then presented the rat with a loud bang that startled Little Albert and made him cry.
What did the Little Albert experiment show?
The Little Albert Experiment demonstrated that classical conditioning could be used to create a phobia. A phobia is an irrational fear, that is out of proportion to the danger. In this experiment, a previously unafraid baby was conditioned to become afraid of a rat.
What stimuli did Albert use in his experiment?
The researchers confounded their own experiment by conditioning Little Albert using the same neutral stimuli as the generalized stimuli (rabbit and dog).
How many pairs of rat and noise did Albert have?
After seven pairings of the rat and noise (in two sessions, one week apart), Albert reacted with crying and avoidance when the rat was presented without the loud noise. By now little Albert only had to see the rat and he immediately showed every sign of fear.
How old was Albert when he was tested?
Little Albert was a 9-month-old infant who was tested on his reactions to various neutral stimuli. He was shown a white rat, a rabbit, a monkey and various masks. Albert described as "on the whole stolid and unemotional" showed no fear of any of these stimuli.
Why was Albert unusual?
Albert had been reared in a hospital environment from birth and he was unusual as he had never been seen to show fear or rage by staff. Therefore, Little Albert may have responded differently in this experiment to how other young children may have, these findings will therefore be unique to him.
Did Albert's mother withdraw him from the experiment?
Unfortunately, Albert's mother withdrew him from the experiment the day the last tests were made, and Watson and Rayner were unable to conduct further experiments to reverse the condition response.