How did Sean’s head injury happen?
At the point of impact, Sean's head continued to move and as his head went from side to side, his brain rubbed up against the inside of his skull and caused his injury which is called Severe Diffuse Axonal. The National Safety Council reports that distracted driving leads to 16 thousand crashes each year.
Can TBI cause vision problems in soldiers?
In the military population — although we don’t have a definitive statistic — we have found in mild TBIs that troops exposed to one or more blasts can have trouble with their eyes coordinating with one another, what we call “oculomotor or binocular dysfunction.”
What causes blindness in the back of the head?
Blindness can come from a penetrating injury like a gun shot or a non-penetrating injury like a blast in combat. It can also be a result of an injury to the back of the head — like from a fall — that destroys or damages an area that coordinates signals between the brain and the eyes.
What happened to Sean Pritchard?
Sean suffered by bound broken bones. The pelvis was shattered, the arm was broken, and thighbone and tailbone were completely broken. He has been additionally placed on a ventilator for a moment thanks to a folded respiratory organ. His brain injury was caused by excessive head movement after the impact.
Is it true that the National Safety Council reports that distracted driving leads to 16000 crashes each year?
The National Safety Council reports that distracted driving leads to 16 thousand crashes per year. False.
What was baby David's death?
The truck smashed into a sedan as it tried to make a left turn. Then it jumped the curb and ran into Bingenheimer and his child, David, in the safety of his stroller and crushed the baby on impact. He died at the scene, according to the Forth Worth Star-Telegram.
Is it true drivers who text spend about 10% of their driving time outside their own driving lane?
When a driver texts while driving, then the driver does't pay enough attention to the road and the driver will tend to drive outside their own driving lane about 10% of the time. Thus the given statement is true.
How long is the impact Texas Drivers video?
2 hourImpact Texas Teen Drivers (ITTD) The Impact Texas Teen Drivers program (ITTD) is a free, 2 hour informational video that shares the dangers of distracted driving along with real life stories of teens that have lost their lives.
What caused Sean's brain injury?
What caused Sean's brain injury? Nothing touched his head. At the point of impact, Sean's head continued to move and as his head went from side to side, his brain rubbed up against the inside of his skull and caused his injury which is called Severe Diffuse Axonal.
Which one of the following is a leading cause of distracted driving accidents in the US?
Talking and texting. People who use their cell phones to talk or text while driving are by far the most common reason for distracted driving accidents. In fact, the National Safety Council estimates that 26% of all car crashes involve cell phones.
Which of the following is a common driver distraction?
Sending a text message, talking on a cell phone, using a navigation system, and eating while driving are a few examples of distracted driving. Any of these distractions can endanger you, your passengers, and others on the road.
Do you have to take a written test to get your license in Texas?
Students in either the parent taught or adult driving course must complete the first six hours of online training. They must then pass the Texas written driving test before applying for a Texas learners permit.
Do you need a permit to get a license in Texas over 18?
Once you are over the age of 18, you are no longer required to get a learners permit.
What all do you need to get your license in Texas?
How to Apply for a Texas Driver LicenseU.S. Citizenship or, if you are not a U.S. Citizen, evidence of lawful presence.Texas Residency.Identity, and.Social Security Number.Evidence of Texas Vehicle Registration* for each vehicle you own. Registration must be current. ... Proof of Insurance* for each vehicle you own.
What is a bruise in the brain that is due to a blow or jolt to the head?
Contusion. This is a bruise or bleeding in the brain that’s due to a blow or jolt to the head.
How many people died from brain injuries in 2010?
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the combined rate of traumatic brain injury emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths, totaled 823.7 per 100,000 people in 2010.
Why is brain damage called brain damage?
Outlook. Brain damage occurs when a person’s brain is injured due to traumatic injury, such as a fall or car accident, or nontraumatic injury, such as a stroke. Doctors more commonly refer to brain damage as brain injury because this term better describes what’s happening in the brain. The brain does not fully mend itself ...
What are the two types of brain injuries?
Doctors usually divide brain damage caused by injury into two categories: traumatic and nontraumatic. Traumatic brain injuries occur due to a blow, shaking, or strong rotational injury to the head that damages the brain. Examples of these injuries include:
How to recover from brain injury?
speech/language therapy. Brain injury can take time and effort to recover. Some people may never fully return to their cognitive function before their injury. Over time and with treatment, doctors can work with a person and their loved ones to identify realistic expectations for a person’s recovery.
How to foster a realistic sense of prognosis after brain injury?
Open communication with a person’s medical team can foster a realistic sense of prognosis after brain injury.
How many people need surgery for head injuries?
According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, an estimated 50 percent of patients with severe head injuries require surgery. This is true when there’s significant bleeding in the brain, a tumor, or foreign objects that are in the skull or brain itself.
Why does the brain tear?
Injury occurs because the unmoving brain lags behind the movement of the skull, causing brain structures to tear. There is extensive tearing of nerve tissue throughout the brain. This can cause brain chemicals to be released, causing additional injury. The tearing of the nerve tissue disrupts the brain’s regular communication and chemical processes.
What causes a concussion?
A concussion can be caused by direct blows to the head, gunshot wounds, violent shaking of the head, or force from a whiplash-type injury. Both closed and open head injuries can produce a concussion. A concussion is the most common type of traumatic brain injury.
Why do people have dilated pupils?
For instance, if an eye nerve, Cranial Nerve III, is compressed, a person’s pupil (the dark center part of the eye) will appear dilated (big). This is one reason why medical personal may monitor a person’s pupil size and intracranial pressure.
What is a bruise on the brain caused by a force?
A contusion is a bruise (bleeding) on the brain caused by a force (blow or jolt) to the head.
What is the largest cause of death from traumatic brain injury?
Firearms are the single largest cause of death from traumatic brain injury.
What is the term for the force of a bullet into the brain?
Penetrating Injury . Penetrating injury to the brain occurs from the impact of a bullet, knife, or other sharp object that forces hair, skin, bone, and fragments from the object into the brain. More Info.
How long does second impact syndrome last?
The second injury may occur from days to weeks following the first.
What are the distractions that can result in fatal crashes?
Talking on the phone, texting, applying makeup, eating, drinking, chatting with friends in the car are ALL distractions that can result in fatal crashes.
How many crashes are caused by distracted driving?
The National Safety Council reports that distracted driving leads to 16 thousand crashes each year.
When does a brain injury result in blindness?
It can also be a result of an injury to the back of the head — like from a fall — that destroys or damages an area that coordinates signals between the brain and the eyes. In this case, the eyes could be perfectly normal, but the function in the brain allowing the eyes and brain to communicate would be damaged and no longer work. Our experience with troops returning from the current wars suggests that total blindness is less common than other visual losses; perhaps occurring in 2-4 percent of all cases.
How common is it to have vision problems after traumatic brain injury (TBI)?
For TBI in general, the literature says 20-40 percent of people with brain injury experience related vision disorders; however, the exact prevalence is not known. 1, 2
Are vision problems after blast injuries different from vision problems after a car crash or sports injury?
So far we think that blast injuries and injuries from a car crash or a sports injury produce similar visual problems. However, we lack a good understanding of how exactly a blast causes brain injury. Blasts cause injury not just by the brain banging around in the head; but they also add torsional forces. (Picture a plastic ruler being twisted between both hands, each hand twisting it in the opposite direction. The ruler would be in a state of torsion.) The brain being twisted in this way may cause shearing, which is basically the stretching and tearing of the tiny nerve cells that comprise the brain and/or the blood vessels which provide nourishment to the nerves.
Are these vision problems temporary or permanent?
Just like people, all brain injuries are unique, and that includes the process of recovery; so it is difficult to generalize. After a brain injury, once the person is medically stable, we will start visual rehabilitation. If the visual problems resolve, great; if not, we have a head start by starting that early. Vision is integrated into other problems that can occur post-TBI like muscular imbalance and vestibular problems (dizziness, imbalance, vertigo, etc.)
How do visual deficits influence quality of life?
Having visual deficits after a brain injury can definitely interfere with a person’s quality of life. Visual problems often go hand-in-hand with cognitive or physical problems and also with psychological problems like depression. If a person cannot see well, he may isolate himself because he doesn’t want to be out in the world bumping into people or losing his way. He may have a fear of crowds or may feel embarrassed that he can’t read the expressions on his friends’ faces. This social isolation can be devastating and can then lead to depression, anxiety, and substance abuse.
What advice would you give someone after a TBI who is experiencing visual problems?
I would say if following a brain injury the person has any visual symptoms at all — even a little blurriness or fuzziness, eyes that fatigue easily, difficulty reading, or frequent bumping into things on one side more than the other — he should get a comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist or optometrist. A comprehensive test would include testing the visual field and acuity, contrast sensitivity, and binocular vision. Make sure to find out if the symptoms are related to the visual system or something else … that is, are the symptoms a result of the brain injury or is it a simple need for a new pair of glasses? Try to find an optometrist or ophthalmologist who has experience working with people with brain injury. And keep persisting until you get the help you need.
What is the test for traumatic brain injury?
What is administered most often is a basic test called the Confrontation Visual Field Test, or CVFT.
What happens when you hit your head in a car crash?
In closed head injury, damage occurs because the person receives a blow to the head that whips the head forward and back or from side to side (as in a car crash), causing the brain to collide at high velocity with the bony skull in which it is housed. This jarring bruises brain tissue and tears blood vessels, particularly where ...
What happens to the brain at the point of injury?
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) refers to damage or destruction of brain tissue due to a blow to the head, resulting from an assault, a car crash, a gunshot wound, a fall, or the like.
How is recovery measured right after injury?
The progress seen during the immediate recovery period in individuals with severe to moderate TBI is often tracked using the Rancho Los Amigos Scale, which specifies eight levels - from the depths of coma to return to awareness and purposeful activity. These levels of recovery of functioning reflect processes within the brain, as it heals, stabilizes, and reorganizes itself to some extent.
What is the severity of brain damage?
What is meant by "severity of injury?". Typically, "severity of injury" refers to the degree of brain tissue damage. Although the degree of such damage cannot be directly measured, it is estimated typically by measuring the duration of loss of consciousness (LOC) and the depth of coma (and sometimes by the length of PTA). ...
How does a closed head injury affect the brain?
In closed head injury, the rapid movement of the brain can also stretch and injure neuronal axons - the long threadlike arms of nerve cells in the brain that link cells to one another, that link various parts of the brain to each other and that link the brain to the rest of the body. This widespread axonal injury interrupts functional communication within and between various brain regions and sometimes between the brain and other body parts. However, this type of diffuse damage typically cannot be detected through currently available imaging technology (but with new developments, this may change). Its existence is very clear, however, in the widespread effects it has on the individual's functioning.
What happens after a closed head injury?
In sum, after a closed head injury, damage can occur both in specific brain areas (due to bruising and bleeding) and also be found throughout the brain (due to stretched or destroyed axons). The results of a closed head injury tend to affect broad areas of the individual's functioning, primarily due to the diffuse axonal injury.
What happens to the brain after TBI?
First, brain tissue reacts to trauma and to tissue damage with a series of biochemical and other physiological responses. Substances that once were safely housed within the cells now flood the brain.