Enteral administration involves the esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines (i.e., the gastrointestinal tract). Methods of administration include oral, sublingual (dissolving the drug under the tongue), and rectal. Parenteral routes, which do not involve the gastrointestinal
What are the different types of enteral routes of administration?
Oral, buccal, sublingual, and rectal are the most common enteral routes of administration. Oral administration occurs when the medication is taken by mouth, swallowed, and then absorbed via the digestive tract. Buccal administration involves the medication being placed between the gum and cheek.
What are the 4 routes of Drug Administration?
Methods of administration include oral, sublingual (dissolving the drug under the tongue), and rectal. Parenteral administration is via a peripheral or central vein. Click to see full answer. Beside this, what are the four routes of drug administration? Each route has specific purposes, advantages, and disadvantages. Oral route.
What is enteral administration?
A medical professional injects medication into a gastric tube. Enteral administration is food or drug administration via the human gastrointestinal tract. This contrasts with parenteral nutrition or drug administration (Greek para, "besides" + enteros ), which occurs from routes outside the GI tract, such as intravenous routes.
What is the difference between parenteral and Enteral routes?
Enteral nutrition generally refers to any method of feeding that uses the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to deliver part or all of a person's caloric requirements. Parenteral nutrition refers to the delivery of calories and nutrients into a vein. Hereof, what are the four enteral routes of administrations quizlet?
What are the four route of administration?
Routes of administrationOral.Sublingual.Rectal.Topical.Parenteral – Intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous.
What routes are enteral?
Enteral administration involves the esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines (i.e., the gastrointestinal tract). Methods of administration include oral, sublingual (dissolving the drug under the tongue), and rectal. Parenteral administration is via a peripheral or central vein.
What are the four primary routes of administration for drugs?
Drug AdministrationTaken by mouth (orally)Given by injection into a vein (intravenously, IV), into a muscle (intramuscularly, IM), into the space around the spinal cord (intrathecally), or beneath the skin (subcutaneously, sc)Placed under the tongue (sublingually) or between the gums and cheek (buccally)More items...
What is an enteral route for medication administration?
Enteral administration involves absorption of the drug via the GI tract and includes oral, gastric or duodenal (e.g., feeding tube), and rectal administration ▪ Oral (PO) administration is the most frequently used route of administration because of its simplicity and convenience, which improve patient compliance.
How many types of enteral tubes are there?
Types of enteral feeding According to the American College of Gastroenterology, there are six main types of feeding tubes. These tubes may have further subtypes depending on exactly where they end in the stomach or intestines.
Which one of these is an example of enteral route?
Which one of these is an example of Enteral Route? Explanation: Enteral routes include oral routes. Thus, the common examples are GI, sublingual/buccal, rectal. IV comes under the parenteral route.
How many routes of administration are there?
For small therapeutic molecules, various routes for drug administration are parenteral (intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous), oral, nasal, ocular, transmucosal (buccal, vaginal, and rectal), and transdermal.
How many types of routes of drug administration explain?
Know the different drug administration routes as oral, rectal, parenteral, inhalation, dermal and mucosal. Routes of administration of a drug are determined by its physical and chemical properties, patient characteristics and the rapidity of response desired. Major routes are oral, parenteral and topical. 1.
Why are there different routes of drug administration?
. Other drugs are absorbed poorly or erratically in the digestive tract or are destroyed by the acid and digestive enzymes in the stomach. Other routes of administration are required when the oral route cannot be used, for example: When a person cannot take anything by mouth.
What are enteral medications?
Enteral administration involves the esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines (i.e., the gastrointestinal tract). Methods of administration include oral, sublingual (dissolving the drug under the tongue), and rectal. Parenteral routes, which do not involve the gastrointestinal.
What are the enteral routes quizlet?
Intradermally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously.
What is meant by enteral?
Enteral nutrition refers to any method of feeding that uses the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to deliver nutrition and calories. It can include a normal oral diet, the use of liquid supplements or delivery by use of a tube (tube feeding).
What are the different types of enteral administration?
Enteral administration may be divided into three different categories, depending on the entrance point into the GI tract: oral (by mouth ), gastric (through the stomach ), and rectal (from the rectum ).
What is enteral administration?
Enteral administration is food or drug administration via the human gastrointestinal tract. This contrasts with parenteral nutrition or drug administration (Greek para, "besides" + enteros ), which occurs from routes outside the GI tract, such as intravenous routes. Enteral administration involves the esophagus, stomach, ...
What is the mechanism of absorption of a drug?
The mechanism for drug absorption from the intestine is for most drugs passive transfer, a few exceptions include levodopa and fluorouracil, which are both absorbed through carrier-mediated transport. For passive transfer to occur, the drug has to diffuse through the lipid cell membrane of the epithelial cells lining the inside of the intestines. ...
What are the two factors that determine the rate of passive transfer?
The rate at which this happens is largely determined by two factors: Ionization and lipid solubility. Factors influencing gastrointestinal absorption:
Why is the route of drug administration important?
In pharmacology, the route of drug administration is important because it affects drug metabolism, drug clearance, and thus dosage. The term is from Greek enteros, "intestine".
Is enteral administration a first pass?
Drugs given by enteral administration may be subjected to significant first pass metabolism, and therefore, the amount of drug entering the systemic circulation following administration may vary significantly for different individuals and drugs. Rectal administration is not subject to extensive first pass metabolism.
What is the most commonly used route for drug administration?
1. Oral route . This is the most frequently used route for drug administration. When possible, it is the first choice for the administration of drugs, since it is both convenient and economical. Drugs administered orally are placed in the mouth and swallowed.
What is the route of drug administration?
The route of drug administration is simply defined as the path by which a drug is taken into the body for diagnosis, prevention, cure or treatment of various diseases and disorders. For a drug to produce its desired therapeutic effect, it must come in contact with the tissues of organs and cells of tissues by one way or the other;
What is parenteral route?
Parenteral route, on the other hand, refers to any routes of administration that do not involve drug absorption via the gastrointestinal tract (par = around, enteral = gastrointestinal), including injection routes (e.g., intravenous route, intramuscular route, subcutaneous route etc.), inhalational and transdermal routes. 1.1 1.
What is the delivery route for asthma?
Drug delivery by inhalation is a common route, both for local and for systemic actions. This delivery route is particularly useful for the direct treatment of asthmatic problems, using both powder aerosols (e.g. salmeterol xinafoate) and pressurized metered-dose aerosols containing the drug in liquefied inert propellant (e.g. salbutamol sulphate inhaler).
What are the factors that influence the choice of route of administration?
The choice of route of administration may be influenced by many factors among which include: convenience. state of the patient. desired onset of action. patient’s co-operation. the nature of the drug as some drugs may be effective by one route only e.g., insulin. age of the patient.
Which route of administration is used to administer a drug?
When the systemic absorption of a drug is desired, medications are usually administered by two main routes: the enteral route and the parenteral route. Enteral route involves absorption of the drug via the gastrointestinal tract and includes oral, sublingual, and rectal administration.
When to use rectal route?
Rectal route can also be preferred when the patient has persistent vomiting or is unable to swallow. Also, this route can be used for systemic drug administration in addition to the local administration. Read more on Rectal Route of Administration: Advantages and Disadvantages. 4.
What is the route of drug administration?
Routes of Drug Administration. If you require medication, for whatever ailment, when taking a medication due to whatever aliment, the drug administration can vary depending on various circumstances, for example, the desired effect of the medication, whether the medication is intended to be local (aimed at a specific areaof the body) ...
What is the name of the route used to administer a drug?
3. Other Routes. Inhalation: This route is typically used for drugs that are gaseous, or for medications that can be given in aerosol, such as an asthma pump. This form of administration offers almost instantaneous effects. Intranasal: This is the term given to medications that are administered through the nose.
What are the pros and cons of different routes of drug administration?
Oral. Pros: Easily administered; preferable to patients; slow-release medications may extend the duration of the effect; medications are formulated to avoid stomach acids and digestive enzymes.
What is parenteral drug?
Parenteral—Medication That Avoids the Gastrointestinal Tract. This is the most common parenteral route of drug administration, which is often administered when a quick effect is required from the drug. This method involves injecting the medication straight into systemic circulation.
What is intramuscular IM?
Intramuscular (IM) This method of drug administration offers patients with a faster effect than medication that is taken orally. Through this route, the drug can be in aqueous or depot form. But the aqueous can be absorbed faster than depot form.
Why is the mouth route used?
The mouth route is the most commonly used route of drug administration due to the ease in which the drugs can be taken. This method also provides the most difficult pathway for the drug to reach the targeted area.
Is rectal administration effective?
Rectal. Rectal administration can deliver both systemic and local effects, although it has proven to be rather ineffective at times. This type of administration can be useful for those who find it difficult to swallow, or keep down medication, for example, people with vomiting condition. Sublingual.

Overview
Enteral administration is food or drug administration via the human gastrointestinal tract. This contrasts with parenteral nutrition or drug administration (Greek para, "besides" + enteros), which occurs from routes outside the GI tract, such as intravenous routes. Enteral administration involves the esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines (i.e., the gastrointestin…
Forms
Enteral administration may be divided into three different categories, depending on the entrance point into the GI tract: oral (by mouth), gastric (through the stomach), and rectal (from the rectum). (Gastric introduction involves the use of a tube through the nasal passage (NG tube) or a tube in the belly leading directly to the stomach (PEG tube). Rectal administration usually involves rectal suppositories.)
Drug absorption from the intestine
The mechanism for drug absorption from the intestine is for most drugs passive transfer, a few exceptions include levodopa and fluorouracil, which are both absorbed through carrier-mediated transport. For passive transfer to occur, the drug has to diffuse through the lipid cell membrane of the epithelial cells lining the inside of the intestines. The rate at which this happens is largely determined by two factors: Ionization and lipid solubility.
First pass metabolism
Drugs given by enteral administration may be subjected to significant first pass metabolism, and therefore, the amount of drug entering the systemic circulation following administration may vary significantly for different individuals and drugs. Rectal administration is not subject to extensive first pass metabolism.
See also
• Enteric (disambiguation)
• Feeding tube