Situational factors
- Abuse and neglect. Abuse and neglect can have an impact on an individual’s wellbeing. ...
- Adoption. A child or young person that has been adopted may have additional needs, such as attachment difficulties.
- Bereavement. ...
- Bullying. ...
- Children with looked after status. ...
- Family difficulties. ...
- Parenting difficulties. ...
- Sexuality. ...
What are some examples of situational factors?
- illness in the family,
- divorce,
- geographic relocations,
- deaths (of people or even of pets),
- birth order of the children,
- socio-economic level,
- holidays,
- and even vacations.
What are situational and dispositional factors?
Things like individual personality traits, temperament, and genetics are all dispositional factors. They are things that come from within an individual that they do not have much control over. The opposite of dispositional factors are situational factors which are influences like the environment and others around you.
What is situational determinants?
Personality: Meaning and Determinants of Personality
- I. The Meaning of Personality: The term ‘personality’ is derived from the Latin word ‘persona’ which means a mask. ...
- II. Determinants of Personality: Personality is a result of the combination of four factors, i.e., physical environment, heredity, culture, and particular experiences.
- III. ...
What is situational influence in psychology?
- 12 Cognitive Biases That Can Impact Search Committee Decisions.
- Anchoring Bias.
- Availability Bias.
- Bandwagon Effect.
- Choice-supportive Bias.
- Confirmation Bias.
- Fundamental. Attribution Error.
- Halo Effect.
What are situational factors examples?
Examples of situational factors are your environment, work and school, and the people around you. The opposite is dispositional factors that are are individual characteristics that influence behavior and actions in a person like personality traits, temperament, and genetics.
What are the 4 situational factors?
Situational Factors are any outside elements that can influence children's behavior, including such things:illness in the family,divorce,geographic relocations,deaths (of people or even of pets),birth order of the children,socio-economic level,holidays,and even vacations.
What are 3 situation factors?
Situation factors, taken more broadly, may refer to (a) situation cues (objective physical stimuli in an environment), (b) psychological situation characteristics (subjective meanings and interpretations of situations), and (c) situation classes (types or groups of entire situations with similar cues or similar levels ...Apr 22, 2020
What are situational influences in psychology?
Situational Factors (also known as External Factors) are influences that do not occur from within the individual but from elsewhere like the environment and others around you. Examples of situational factors are your environment, work and school, and the people around you.Mar 1, 2020
What are situational features?
In this chapter we focus on the “situation,” that is, on how to describe characteristics related to the situation of use, or what we call situational characteristics. These characteristics include the physical context, such as the actual time and place, but also many other considerations.
What are situational factors in obedience?
Situational factors are things like your environment or the people around you who might make you more or less obedient. One situational factor is the proximity of an authority figure. Milgram's Variation 7 shows that people are more obedient with the authority figure nearby. Location is a less important factor.
What are situational factors in organizational behavior?
Situational Factors (also known as External Factors) are influences that do not occur from within the individual but from elsewhere like the environment and others around you. Examples of situational factors are your environment, work and school, and the people around you.
What are situational factors in healthcare?
Situational factors include time pressures during visits, patient and staff conflicts, or complex social issues. To better manage difficult clinical encounters, the physician needs to identify all contributing factors, starting with his or her personal frame of reference for the situation.Mar 15, 2013
What is a situation factor APHG?
Situation factors: The features of a location's surrounding area, especially as related to the cost of transporting raw materials and finished goods.Jan 20, 2019
What are the 5 situational influences?
The situational factors involve five categories: physical surroundings, social surroundings, temporal perspective, task definition, and antecedent state. Physical surroundings refer to the crowd of the travel destination. Social surroundings refer to decision makers' friends or relatives.
What is situational behavior?
The process of assigning the cause of behavior to some situation or event outside a person's control rather than to some internal characteristic.
What are the situational factors affecting conformity?
Several factors are associated with increased conformity, including larger group size, unanimity, high group cohesion, and perceived higher status of the group. Other factors associated with conformity are culture, gender, age, and importance of stimuli.
What are some examples of situational factors?
Examples of situational factors are your environment, work and school, and the people around you. The opposite is dispositional factors that are are individual characteristics that influence behavior and actions in a person like personality traits, temperament, and genetics. People tend to cite dispositional factors as the reason ...
What are external factors?
Situational Factors (also Known As External Factors) Situational Factors (also known as External Factors) are influences that do not occur from within the individual but from elsewhere like the environment and others around you.
How did Charles Hofling change the obedience study?
Charles Hofling (1966) changed the obedience study by testing real nurses who were supervising a hospital ward during a night shift. An actor pretending to be " Doctor Smith from the Psychiatric Department " phoned the ward and ordered the nurse to give a patient there a dose of a drug from the medicine cabinet.
What did Milgram challenge?
Milgram's studies challenged the idea of a dispositional explanation for genocide. Things like the Holocaust aren't down to a flaw in anyone's personality. The Holocaust could happen anywhere, in any country, if the situation was right.
What does the examiner expect you to be able to explain?
The Examiner expects you to be able to explain how different factors affect obedience and prejudice. The Exam could ask you specifically about CULTURE. The Exam could also ask about "situational factors" (or "environment") in general. Make sure you have a study or theory you can write about for how situations/environments affect obedience ...
What are situational variables?
SITUATIONAL FACTORS. As well as individual differences, there are circumstances that affect whether or not people obey. These circumstances are known as situational variables. The Exam might refer to them as "the environment".
What is Milgram's study of obedience?
Milgram's obedience studies were all on Americans. America is a Western culture which values individualism particularly highly; it is also a democratic culture with relatively little deference (although American culture in the 1960s was more deferential than it is today). Furthermore, face-saving or shame does not play a big part in American culture.#N#Because of this, we might expect obedience levels to be higher in many other cultures, but perhaps lower in cultures even less deferential and even more individualistic than the USA.#N#Cross-cultural studies investigate this by replicating American studies like Milgram's in other countries and comparing the results to Milgram's original (baseline) findings.
What is individual differences?
They are also known as individual differences. How much of our behaviour is due to situations and how much to dispositions is a big debate in Social Psychology . The social psychologists of the 1950s, '60s and '70s ( Sherif, Milgram, Zimbardo) tended to rate situations as more important than dispositions.
Who was the leader of the Stanford Prison Experiment?
The Pathology of Power. In the famous Stanford Prison Experiment ( 1971 ), Philip Zimbardo turned the basement of Stanford University Psychology Department into a simulated prison and recruited students to play the roles of prisoners and guards, with himself as "Governor".
What is situational factor?
A situational factor is an external influence which can impact a child or young person’s life, such as parental divorce. Some children and young people affected by certain situational factors may be at a higher risk of social, emotional and mental health (SEMH) difficulties. We can provide services relating to the following situational factors:
What is looked after status?
Children with looked after status are in the care of the local authority, either in a children’s home or a foster home. We can provide flexible care for individuals with needs related to their circumstances.
Definition
Situation factors, taken more broadly, may refer to (a) situation cues (objective physical stimuli in an environment), (b) psychological situation characteristics (subjective meanings and interpretations of situations), and (c) situation classes (types or groups of entire situations with similar cues or similar levels or profiles of characteristics).
Key Information
The definition of what a situation is has been a thorny issue in psychology (Reis 2008 ). Recently, Rauthmann and colleagues (Rauthmann et al. 2014; Rauthmann 2015; Rauthmann et al. 2015a) proposed to see situations sets of fleeting, dynamic, and momentary circumstances that do not lie within persons, but in their surroundings.
Abstract and Figures
Situation factors, taken more broadly, may refer to (a) situation cues (objective physical stimuli in an environment), (b) psychological situation characteristics (subjective meanings and interpretations of situations), and (c) situation classes (types or groups of entire situations with similar cues or similar levels or profiles of characteristics).
References (28)
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.
What does situationism mean?
Situationists believe that thoughts, feelings, dispositions, and past experiences and behaviors do not determine what someone will do in a given situation, rather, the situation itself does. Situationists tend to assume that character traits are distinctive, meaning that they do not completely disregard the idea of traits, but suggest that situations have a greater impact on behavior than those traits. Situationism is also influenced by culture, in that the extent to which people believe that situations impact behaviors varies between cultures. Situationism has been perceived as arising in response to trait theories, and correcting the notion that everything we do is because of our traits. However, situationism has also been criticized for ignoring individuals' inherent influences on behavior. There are many experiments and evidence supporting this topic, and shown in the sources below but also in the article itself. But these experiments do not test what people would do in situations that are forced or rushed, most mistakes are made from rushing and or forgetting something due to lack of concentration. Situationism can be looked at in many different ways, this means that situationism needs to be tested and experimented in many different ways.
How is situationism influenced by culture?
Situationism is also influenced by culture, in that the extent to which people believe that situations impact behaviors varies between cultures. Situationism has been perceived as arising in response to trait theories, and correcting the notion that everything we do is because of our traits.
What is the theory that changes in human behavior are factors of the situation rather than the traits a person possesses?
Situationism (psychology) For other uses, see Situationism (disambiguation). Under the controversy of person–situation debate, situationism is the theory that changes in human behavior are factors of the situation rather than the traits a person possesses.
Why did Zimbardo say he couldn't leave?
Zimbardo then allowed him to leave but he said he couldn't because he was labeled as a bad prisoner, to which Zimbardo Responded "Listen, you are not 819. My name is Dr. Zimbardo, I am a psychologist, and this is not a prison. This is just an experiment and those are students, just like you. Let's go.
What is the most unethical situationist study?
Many studies have found evidence supporting situationism. One notable situationist study is Zimbardo 's Stanford prison experiment. This study was considered one of the most unethical because the participants were deceived and were physically and psychologically abused. The goal of the study was that Zimbardo wanted to discover two things. If prison guards abused prisoners because of their nature, or because of the power they were given in the situation. They also wanted to figure out if prisoners acted violent because of their nature or because of being in a secluded and violent environment. To carry out this experiment, Zimbardo gathered 24 college men and paid them 15 dollars an hour to live two weeks in a mock prison. The participants were told that they were chosen to be guard or prisoner because of their personality traits, but they were randomly selected. The prisoners were booked and given prison clothes and no possessions. They were also assigned a number to be referred to with the intent of farther dehumanizing them. Within the first night, the prisoner and guard dynamics began to take place. The guards started waking up the prisoners in the middle of the night for count, and they would yell and ridicule them. The prisoners also started developing hostile traits against the guards and having prison related conversations. By the second day, the guards started abusing the prisoners by forcing them to do push ups, and the prisoners started rebelling by removing their caps and numbers, and hiding in their cells with their mattresses blocking the door. As the days passed the relationship between the guards and prisoners became extremely hostile- the prisoners fought for their independence, and the guards fought to strip them of it.
How old were the men in the Milgram experiment?
The men were between 20 and 50 years old, and were paid $4.50 for showing up. In this study, a participant was assigned to be a "teacher" and a confederate was assigned to be a "learner".
Why did Stanley Milgram study obedience?
Stanley Milgram made his obedience study to explain the obedience phenomenon, specifically the holocaust. He wanted to explain how people follow orders, and how people are likely to do unmoral things when ordered to by people of authority.
What were the two main ideas that Heider put forward that became influential?
There were two main ideas that he put forward that became influential: dispositional (internal cause) vs situational (external cause) attributions.
What is the attribution error?
Dispositional attribution assigns the cause of behavior to some internal characteristic of a person, rather than to outside forces. When we explain the behavior of others we look for enduring internal attributions, such as personality traits. This is known as the fundamental attribution error.
What does it mean when Alison only smokes?
If Alison only smokes when she is out with friends, her behavior is high in distinctiveness. If she smokes at any time or place, distinctiveness is low. Consistency: the extent to which the person behaves like this every time the situation occurs. If Alison only smokes when she is out with friends, consistency is high.
Which model of attribution is best known?
Kelley’s (1967) covariation model is the best-known attribution theory. He developed a logical model for judging whether a particular action should be attributed to some characteristic (dispositional) of the person or the environment (situational).
What is Jones and Davis' theory?
Jones and Davis’ theory helps us understand the process of making an internal attribution. They say that we tend to do this when we see a correspondence between motive and behavior. For example, when we see a correspondence between someone behaving in a friendly way and being a friendly person.
