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pupilas anisocoricas causas

by Ms. Matilda Kihn Published 3 years ago Updated 2 years ago

Entenda o que são e as causas das Pupilas Anisocóricas: Estima-se que cerca de 20% das pessoas normais tenham uma pequena diferença no tamanho de suas pupilas e, neste caso, há a anisocoria fisiológica ou não patológica. As pupilas anisocóricas são o resultado de uma condição caracterizada pelo diâmetro desigual das pupilas.

Full Answer

¿Qué son las pupilas?

Una de las pupilas puede ser más grande o más pequeña. Las pupilas son las partes negras en el medio del ojo. Pueden encogerse o agrandarse para regular la cantidad de luz que ingresa al ojo. Las pupilas suelen ser más grandes en la oscuridad y más pequeñas en la luz.

¿Cuáles son los síntomas de la anisocoria?

Por sí misma, la anisocoria no causa síntomas. Fisiológica (presente en aproximadamente el 20% de las personas): la diferencia entre el tamaño de la pupila en la anisocoria fisiológica es típicamente ≤ a alrededor de 1 mm. para otras causas de anisocoria.

¿Por qué las pupilas son más grandes en la oscuridad y más pequeñas en la luz?

Las pupilas suelen ser más grandes en la oscuridad y más pequeñas en la luz. De esta manera, ajusta y equilibra la cantidad de luz que debe entregarse al ojo.

¿Por qué se contrae la pupila grande?

Si la pupila grande se contrae, la causa probablemente es una pupila tónica de Adie; si la pupila grande no se contrae, es probable que se deba a fármacos o a un daño estructural del iris (p. ej., traumático, quirúrgico). No suelen ser necesarios los estudios complementarios, pero están indicados según el trastorno que se sospeche clínicamente.

Types of Anisocoria

Characterization of anisocoria includes unequal pupil sizes. While the condition is common, the causes may or may not be benign .

Accompanying Symptoms of Anisocoria

Many people do not realize that their pupils vary in size. It may become apparent when they compare old and newer photos of themselves.

How is Anisocoria Diagnosed?

If you think you have anisocoria, you should speak with your ophthalmologist or healthcare professional.

When is Anisocoria Normal? When is Treatment Necessary?

Not all types of anisocoria will require treatment or indicate a serious health condition.

How to Correct Different Pupil Sizes

Correcting different pupil sizes will depend on the type of anisocoria you have.

Is Anisocoria Preventable?

Anisocoria may be preventable in some cases. For example, in pharmacologic anisocoria, stopping the administration of the pharmacologic agent causing the issue could provide relief.

1. Golpes en la cabeza

Cuando se sufre un golpe fuerte en la cabeza, debido a un accidente de tránsito o durante un deporte de alto impacto, por ejemplo, puede desarrollarse un traumatismo craneoencefálico, en el que surgen pequeñas fracturas en el cráneo.

2. Migraña

En varios casos de migraña, el dolor puede acabar afectando los ojos, lo que podría provocar no solo la caída de uno de los párpados, sino también la dilatación de una de las pupilas.

3. Inflamación del nervio óptico

La inflamación del nervio óptico, también conocida como neuritis óptica, puede ocurrir debido a varias causas, surgiendo normalmente en personas con enfermedades autoinmunes, como esclerosis múltiple, o con infecciones virales, como varicela o tuberculosis.

4. Tumor cerebral, aneurisma o ACV

Además del traumatismo craneoencefálico, cualquier alteración cerebral, como un tumor desarrollándose, un aneurisma o incluso un ACV, pueden causar presión sobre una parte del cerebro y ocasionar una alteración del tamaño de las pupilas.

5. Pupila de Adie

Este es un síndrome bastante inusual en el que una de las pupilas no reacciona a la luz, permaneciendo constantemente dilatada como si se estuviese siempre en un sitio oscuro. De esta forma, este tipo de anisocoria puede identificarse de forma más fácil cuando se está expuesto al sol o cuando se toma una fotografía con flash, por ejemplo.

6. Uso de medicamentos y otras sustancias

Algunos medicamentos pueden causar anisocoria después de su uso, como la clonidina, diferentes tipos de colirios, los adhesivos de escopolamina y el ipratropio en aerosol, si entran en contacto con los ojos.

Overview

Anisocoria is the medical term for when one of your pupils is bigger than the other.

Symptoms and Causes

Anisocoria can be accompanied by serious symptoms. Go to the emergency room if one pupil is bigger than the other and you experience any of the following:

Diagnosis and Tests

Your healthcare provider will diagnose anisocoria by looking at your eyes and performing a physical exam to check for other symptoms. You might need imaging tests, including:

Management and Treatment

Treating what’s causing anisocoria is more important than treating the irregularity in your pupils.

Prevention

Because anisocoria can be caused by such a wide range of conditions, there’s no one surefire way to prevent it. Have your eyes examined regularly, and see your provider annually for a checkup.

Living With

Visit your healthcare provider or go to the emergency room right away if you notice any changes in your eyes or vision, including if your pupils are irregularly sized.

Entenda o que são e as causas das Pupilas Anisocóricas

Estima-se que cerca de 20% das pessoas normais tenham uma pequena diferença no tamanho de suas pupilas e, neste caso, há a anisocoria fisiológica ou não patológica. As pupilas anisocóricas são o resultado de uma condição caracterizada pelo diâmetro desigual das pupilas.

Como tratar esta condição?

Para lidar corretamente com essa situação, primeiro é necessário consultar um médico para que seja realizada uma avaliação mais assertiva sobre o quadro. Vale lembrar que em casos de uma diferença menor que 0,5 milímetros, o caso é considerado normal.

1. Pancadas na cabeça

Quando se sofre uma pancada forte na cabeça, devido a um acidente de trânsito ou durante um esporte de alto impacto, por exemplo, pode se desenvolver um traumatismo craniano, no qual pequenas fraturas surgem no crânio.

2. Enxaqueca

Em vários casos de enxaqueca, a dor pode acabar afetando os olhos, o que pode provocar não só a caída de uma das pálpebras, mas também dilatação de uma das pupilas.

3. Inflamação do nervo ótico

A inflamação do nervo ótico, também conhecida como neurite ótica, pode acontecer devido a várias causas, mas normalmente surge em pessoas com doenças autoimunes, como esclerose múltipla, ou com infecções virais, como catapora ou tuberculose.

4. Tumor cerebral, aneurisma ou AVC

Além do traumatismo craniano, qualquer alteração cerebral como um tumor se desenvolvendo, um aneurisma ou até um AVC, podem causar pressão sobre uma parte do cérebro e acabar alterando o tamanho das pupilas.

5. Pupila de Adie

Esta é uma síndrome bastante rara na qual uma das pupilas não reage à luz, ficando constantemente dilatada, como se estivesse sempre num local escuro. Assim, este tipo de anisocoria pode ser mais facilmente identificado quando se está exposto ao sol ou quando se tira uma fotografia com flash, por exemplo.

6. Uso de medicamentos e outras substâncias

Alguns medicamentos podem causar anisocoria após seu uso, como a clonidina, diferentes tipos de colírios, adesivo de escopolamina e ipratrópio em aerossol, se em contato com o olho.

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      680μsview::2dd102cf0462e89a4d4d8bc77355d767652bf9aa:15receivinghelpdeskask
      Metadata
      Bindings
      • 0. 30850
      Backtrace
      • 21. view::2dd102cf0462e89a4d4d8bc77355d767652bf9aa:15
      • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
      • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 25. /vendor/livewire/livewire/src/ComponentConcerns/RendersLivewireComponents.php:69
      • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
    App\Models\FakeUser
    1
    Outl1ne\MenuBuilder\Models\MenuItem
    1
    Outl1ne\MenuBuilder\Models\Menu
    1
    App\Models\JsonPostContent
    1
    App\Models\Post
    11
        _token
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        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://receivinghelpdesk.com/ask/pupilas-anisocoricas-causas" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /pupilas-anisocoricas-causas
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
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        request_server
        0 of 0
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        request_cookies
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        response_headers
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        session_attributes
        0 of 0
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