Physical Chemistry is a main section in advanced level chemistry. Equilibrium, electrolysis, kinetics, Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics is a branch of physics concerned with heat and temperature and their relation to energy and work. It defines macroscopic variables, such as internal energy, entropy, and pressure, that partly describe a body of matter or radiation.
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What is physical chemistry?
What is physical chemistry? Physical chemistry deals with the principles of physics involved in chemical interactions. It examines: Physical chemists are focused on understanding the physical properties of atoms and molecules, the way chemical reactions work, and what these properties reveal.
Is physical chemistry a good major?
Physical chemistry is a good area for chemists who have a strong curiosity about how things work at the atomic level and enjoy working with lab instrumentation and machines. What do physical chemists do?
What determines the physical and chemical properties of a compound?
The physical and chemical properties of compounds depend on the ways in which the compounds are held together by chemical bonds and by intermolecular forces. Theories of bonding explain how atoms or ions are held together in these structures.
What do physical chemists do?
What do physical chemists do? Physical chemists discover, test, and strive to understand the physical characteristics of a material (i.e., solid, liquid, or gas). Precision and attention to detail make their work somewhat similar to analytical chemistry.
What are the physical chemistry topics?
Branches and related topicsThermochemistry.Chemical kinetics.Quantum chemistry.Electrochemistry.Photochemistry.Surface chemistry.Solid-state chemistry.Spectroscopy.More items...
Which is harder physical chemistry or organic chemistry?
physical chemistry is one of the toughest as it is a combination of physics and chemistry and it has lot of confusing concepts. inorganic is moderately tough but as not as physical chemistry. organic chemistry is easy as it contains basic concepts.
How hard is a level chemistry?
Looking at the pass rates: the average A-Level has a pass rate of 95.6%, whereas A-Level Chemistry has a pass rate of 96.1%. Therefore, according to the statistics A-Level Chemistry is about as hard as any other A-Level – this doesn't mean it isn't a big step up from GCSE Chemistry!Dec 5, 2018
What is physical chemistry and examples?
Physical chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the physical structure of chemical compounds, the way they react with other matter and the bonds that hold their atoms together. An example of physical chemistry is nitric acid eating through wood.
Is physical chemistry the hardest class?
Physical Chemistry involves math. In some cases, it may draw upon calculus, making it essentially a physics thermodynamics course. If you are weak in math or just dislike it, this may be the hardest class for you. You need P-Chem for a chemistry degree.Jun 20, 2019
Is physical chemistry the hardest?
Most students agree Physical Chemistry is one of the toughest branches of Chemistry. It is a combination of Chemistry and Physics along with few Maths concepts.Nov 27, 2021
Which A-Level is hardest?
In order of easiest to most difficult, our list of the top 15 hardest A-Levels are: Art, Design & Technology (Product Design), Business Studies, Politics, Economics, History, English Literature, Psychology, Modern Languages, Mathematics, Computer Science, Biology, Chemistry, Further Mathematics, and Physics.Feb 15, 2021
What are the easiest A-Levels?
What are the 12 easiest A-Level subjects? The 12 easiest A-Level subjects are Classical Civilisation, Environmental Science, Food Studies, Drama, Geography, Textiles, Film Studies, Sociology, Information Technology (IT), Health and Social Care, Media Studies, and Law.
How many people get an A * in A Level chemistry?
The proportion reaching the top grades has decreased, with 7.2 per cent getting an A*, down from 8.1 per cent last year, and 28.4 per cent getting an A or A*, down from 30.4 per cent in 2018. This year, 95.9 per cent passed the course, down from 96.5 per cent last year.
What is physical chemistry in class 11th?
Physical chemistry is the branch of chemistry devoted to the study of the behavior of matter at an atomic or molecular level.
What is physical chemistry in easy words?
physical chemistry. noun. the branch of chemistry concerned with the way in which the physical properties of substances depend on and influence their chemical structure, properties, and reactions.
What is physical chemistry class like?
In physical chemistry, you use physics and math to understand and describe atoms and molecules, getting to the theoretical basis for thermodynamics, kinetics, electron configurations, and even the phases of matter.Sep 5, 2018
Properties of Gama, beta and alpha particles
Types of radiations There are three types of radiations given by radioactive substances. They all cause certain substances, such as zinc sulphide, to luminesce, and ... Read More
Properties of Gama particle
properties of gamma particles These uncharged rays are similar to X-rays they have high penetrating power; being able to pass through 0.1m of metal. have ... Read More
Properties of beta particles
Properties of beta particle negatively charged deflected toward positive electric field have medium penetrating power ionize gases they pass through Sponsored by The Science Foundation ... Read More
Methods of separating azeotropic mixture
Adding a substance that reacts and removes one component. e.g. CaO reacts and removes water from azeotrope of ethanol and water distillation with a third ... Read More
Reasons why azeotropes are not compounds
they can be separated by physical means such as adsorption, fractional crystallization components react independently for example water in rectified sprit react with calcium oxide ... Read More
Thermodynamics part 1 of 2 By Dr Bbosa Science
Defines energy terms, combustion, electron affinity, neutralization, formation, lattice energy Hess law, enthalpy diagrams, and energy diagram and their calculations. Read More
Gas laws
Physical behavior of gases Kinetic theory This is useful in accounting for the known properties of gases, liquids and solids. The ideas underlying the kinetic ... Read More
Atomic Structure
- The chemical properties of elements depend on their atomic structure and in particular on the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus. The arrangement of electrons in orbitals is linked to the way in which elements are organised in the Periodic Table. Chemists can measure the mass of atoms and molecules to a high degree of ac…
Amount of Substance
- When chemists measure out an amount of a substance, they use an amount in moles. The mole is a useful quantity because one mole of a substance always contains the same number of entities of the substance. An amount in moles can be measured out by mass in grams, by volume in dm3 of a solution of known concentration and by volume in dm3of a gas.
Energetics
- The enthalpy change in a chemical reaction can be measured accurately. It is important to know this value for chemical reactions that are used as a source of heat energy in applications such as domestic boilers and internal combustion engines.
Kinetics
- The study of kinetics enables chemists to determine how a change in conditions affects the speed of a chemical reaction. Whilst the reactivity of chemicals is a significant factor in how fast chemical reactions proceed, there are variables that can be manipulated in order to speed them up or slow them down.
Chemical Equilibria, Le Chatelier’s Principle and KC
- In contrast with kinetics, which is a study of how quickly reactions occur, a study of equilibria indicates how far reactions will go. Le Chatelier’s principle can be used to predict the effects of changes in temperature, pressure and concentration on the yield of a reversible reaction. This has important consequences for many industrial processes. The further study of the equilibrium constant, Kc, considers how the mathematical expression for th…
Oxidation, Reduction and Redox Equations
- Redox reactions involve a transfer of electrons from the reducing agent to the oxidising agent. The change in the oxidation state of an element in a compound or ion is used to identify the element that has been oxidised or reduced in a given reaction. Separate half-equations are written for the oxidation or reduction processes. These half-equations can then be combined to give an overall equation for any redox reaction.
Thermodynamics
- The further study of thermodynamics builds on the Energetics section and is important in understanding the stability of compounds and why chemical reactions occur. Enthalpy change is linked with entropy change enabling the free-energy change to be calculated.
Rate Equations
- In rate equations, the mathematical relationship between rate of reaction and concentration gives information about the mechanism of a reaction that may occur in several steps.
Equilibrium Constant Kp For Homogeneous Systems
- The further study of equilibria considers how the mathematical expression for the equilibrium constant Kpenables us to calculate how an equilibrium yield will be influenced by the partial pressures of reactants and products. This has important consequences for many industrial processes.