Logographic writing systems include:
- Logoconsonantal scripts These are scripts in which the graphemes may be extended phonetically according to the...
- Logosyllabic scripts These are scripts in which the graphemes represent morphemes, often polysyllabic morphemes, but...
- Anatolian hieroglyphs: Luwian
- Cuneiform: Sumerian, Akkadian, other Semitic languages, Elamite, Hittite,...
- Chữ nôm: Vietnam
What is an example of a logographic writing system?
In addition, the single-digit Arabic number symbols (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) are logographic symbols. The best-known examples of a logographic writing system are Chinese and Japanese.
What is a logogram?
Logograms are symbols that represent parts of words or whole words. The image below shows some examples of pictograms from the Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic and Chinese scripts. The Chinese characters used to look like the things they stand for, but have become increasingly stylized over the years.
Is there a purely logographic script for other languages?
A purely logographic script would be impractical for many other languages, and none is known. All logographic scripts ever used for natural languages rely on the rebus principle to extend a relatively limited set of logograms: A subset of characters is used for their phonetic values, either consonantal or syllabic.
Why do some logographic systems have a phonetic dimension?
All historical logographic systems include a phonetic dimension, as it is impractical to have a separate basic character for every word or morpheme in a language. In some cases, such as cuneiform as it was used for Akkadian, the vast majority of glyphs are used for their sound values rather than logographically.
Is the English writing system logographic?
A logogram is a symbol that represents a word or part of a word. Chinese is a great example of a logographic writing system. English, on the other hand, uses what's called a phonologic writing system, in which the written symbols correspond to sounds and combine to represent strings of sounds.
Is Chinese the only logographic language?
But what sets Chinese apart today is that it is the only logographic writing system still in use - others either died out or, like Egyptian hieroglyphics, were converted into alphabets. There have been many movements to standardize Chinese over the ages.
What is an advantage of a logographic writing system?
A significant advantage of using logographic symbols is that they can be easily understood no matter what language is spoken, which is not the case with writing systems like alphabets or syllabaries which are purely phonetic.
What is logographic strategy?
The strategies included logographic cues, thinkmarks, and character cards. Logographic cues are a collection of small visual symbols that students use to help them clarify what is happening in the text, as well as an idea of the direction the text is taking.
Is Korean a logographic?
The Korean writing system, Hangul, is an “alphabetic syllabary” which employs many of the good and few of the bad features of an alphabet, a syllabary, and a logography.
Is Japanese a logographic?
Is Japanese logographic or phonetic? The Japanese writing system is both phonetic and logographic as a whole. Separated into three writing forms, Japanese has two that are phonetic, and one that is logographic. Unlike most other languages, Japanese has the chance to be both phonetic and logographic at the same time.
What is a major disadvantage of Logographic writing systems?
Disadvantages of logographic systems Words in many alphabetic writing systems such as Italian can be sounded out if they are not known to the reader; this cannot be done in more logographic languages like Chinese or Japanese. Logographic characters can also create difficulty with electronic devices.
What are Logographic writing scripts based on?
The use of logograms in writing is called logography, and a writing system that is based on logograms is called a logography or logographic system. All known logographies have some phonetic component, generally based on the rebus principle.
What is the main difference between an alphabetic and a logographic writing system?
In the alphabetic category, a standard set of letters represent speech sounds. In a syllabary, each symbol correlates to a syllable or mora. In a logography, each character represents a semantic unit such as a word or morpheme.
What is a logographic language?
Logographic (i.e., marked by a letter, symbol, or sign used to represent an entire word) is the term that best describes the nature of the Chinese writing system. In Chinese writing: History. … language by means of a logographic script.
What is the logographic stage of reading?
Errors of omission tend to be mostly at the 'logographic' stage (around age 5 or 6). Beginning spellers typically learn a core vocabulary using 'rote-learning' and have no phonic strategies for building unknown words. As a result, strings of letters which bear little or no relation to the target words.
What is logographic reading?
Logographic or pictorial stage. He then goes on to explain the pictorial stage as the child's attempts to read words (including their meaning) by their shape, letter patterns, letter shapes, colours, curvature, etc., using the face/object recognition area of the brain.
What is a logograph?
A logograph is a letter, symbol, or sign used to represent a word or phrase. Adjective: logographic. Also known as a logogram . The following logographs are available on most alphabetic keyboards: $, £, §, &, @, %, +, and -.
What are some examples of logographic writing?
The best-known examples of a logographic writing system are Chinese and Japanese. "Though originally derived from ideographs, the symbols of these languages now stand for words and syllables and do not refer directly to concepts or things" (David Crystal, The Penguin Encyclopedia, 2004). Etymology: From the Greek, "word" + "writing".
Which hemisphere is logograph processed in?
"Whereas earlier studies had indicated that logographs are processed by the right and alphabets by the left hemisphere of the brain, [Rumjahn] Hoosain provides more recent data suggesting that both are processed in the left, though possibly in different areas of the left."
Can you write Chinese with an alphabet?
It's possible to write Chinese with an alphabet like the one we use for English, but the traditional way of writing the language is to use logographs—though they're usually called characters when we talk about Chinese.". (David Crystal, A Little Book of Language.
What is the Chinese writing system?
Chinese writing system. Logographic (i.e., marked by a letter, symbol, or sign used to represent an entire word) is the term that best describes the nature of the Chinese writing system. …language by means of a logographic script. Each graph or character corresponds to one meaningful unit of the language, not directly to a unit of thought.
What is the orthography of a syllable called?
…the orthography is called a logographic writing system ; if it represents a syllable, it is called a syllabic writing system; if a segment of a syllable, it is called a consonantal writing system or an unvocalized syllabary; and if a phoneme, it is called an alphabetic system. (A phonetic alphabet,…
What is a pictographic script?
Ideographic scripts (in which graphemes are ideograms representing concepts or ideas, rather than a specific word in a language), and pictographic scripts (in which the graphemes are iconic pictures) are not thought to be able to express all that can be communicated by language, ...
What does glyph mean in writing?
In logographic writing systems, glyphs represent words or morphemes (meaningful components of words, as in mean -ing-ful ), rather than phonetic elements. Note that no logographic script is composed solely of logograms. All contain graphemes that represent phonetic (sound-based) elements as well.
What is an abugida?
An abugida, or alphasyllabary, is a segmental script in which vowel sounds are denoted by diacritical marks or other systematic modification of the consonants. Generally, however, if a single letter is understood to have an inherent unwritten vowel, and only vowels other than this are written, then the system is classified as an abugida regardless of whether the vowels look like diacritics or full letters. The vast majority of abugidas are found from India to Southeast Asia and belong historically to the Brāhmī family, however the term is derived from the first characters of the abugida in Ge'ez: አ (A) ቡ (bu) ጊ (gi) ዳ (da) — (compare with alphabet ). Unlike abjads, the diacritical marks and systemic modifications of the consonants are not optional.
What is segmental script?
Segmental scripts. A segmental script has graphemes which represent the phonemes (basic unit of sound) of a language. Note that there need not be (and rarely is) a one-to-one correspondence between the graphemes of the script and the phonemes of a language.
What is the non-linear alphabet?
Other non-linear alphabets. These are other alphabets composed of something other than lines on a surface. Braille (Unified) – an embossed alphabet for the visually impaired, used with some extra letters to transcribe the Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, and Arabic alphabets, as well as Chinese.
What is the Suckerfish script?
Suckerfish script – Mi'kmawi'sit – Does have phonetic components, however. Testerian – used for missionary work in Mexico. Emoji – used in electronic messages and web pages. There are also symbol systems used to represent things other than language, or to represent constructed languages.
What are undeciphered systems?
Undeciphered systems that may be writing. Main article: Undeciphered writing systems. These systems have not been deciphered. In some cases, such as Meroitic, the sound values of the glyphs are known, but the texts still cannot be read because the language is not understood.
What is a logographic system?
It is a script particularly suited to representing a language in which morphological differences are marked in phonological differences; it is less useful for a language like Chinese, in which one syllable represents a large number of morphemes. For the Chinese language a logographic system is more efficient.
Which is more efficient, a logographic or a featural system?
For the Chinese language a logographic system is more efficient. Featural writing systems exploit the fact that even phonemes are not the most fundamental units of analysis of speech. Rather, phonemes may be analyzed into sets of distinctive features.
How many syllables are there in paper?
The word paper has two syllables, pa-per. A syllabary such as Linear B, the Mycenaean script dating from about 1400 bce, would have a graph for each of those syllables. Syllables are the most readily distinguishable units of speech; consequently, the earliest of the sound-based, or phonographic, writing systems are syllabic.
How many basic graphs are there in a script?
As the phonological system is organized around some dozen such features, an efficient script can be constructed out of 24 basic graphs. In addition, such a script makes syllables visually discriminable by organizing them into blocks to facilitate rapid reading.
What is featural writing?
Featural writing systems analyze the sounds described as consonants and vowels into their shared and distinguishing features. Examples of writing systems that employ a featural approach at least in part are the Korean Hangul script, created, according to tradition, by King Sejong in the 15th century, and Pitman shorthand, ...
What is the meaning of Chinese script?
General writing systems all analyze the linguistic form into constituents of meaning or sound. Chinese script is primarily a logographic script ; each word or morpheme is represented by a single graph or character. Two words, even if they sound exactly the same, will be represented by entirely dissimilar characters.
What is the writing system?
A writing system, technically referred to as a script or an orthography, consists of a set of visible marks, forms, or structures called characters or graphs that are related to some structure in the linguistic system. Roughly speaking, if a character represents a meaningful unit, such as a morpheme or a word, the orthography is called ...
What are pictograms and logograms?
Pictograms or pictographs resemble the things they represent. Logograms are symbols that represent parts of words or whole words. The image below shows some examples of pictograms from the Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic and Chinese scripts.
What are the symbols used in semanto-phonetic writing systems?
As a result, such scripts generally include a large number of symbols: anything from several hundred to tens of thousands.
What is a syllable in writing?
A syllabary is a phonetic writing system consisting of symbols representing syllables. A syllable is often made up of a consonant plus a vowel or a single vowel.
What are alternative scripts?
Alternative scripts - alternative scripts for English and other languages. Phonetic alphabets - writing systems that can be used to phonetically indicate the pronunciation of any language. Other notation systems - Braille, Shorthand, etc. Language-based communication systems - Morse Code, Semaphore, etc.
What does each letter represent?
Alphabets, or phonemic alphabets, are sets of letters that represent consonants and vowels. In some languages, such as Czech, each letter or combination of letters represents one sound, while in others, such as English, letters might represent a variety of sounds, or the same sounds can be written in different ways.
What are the two types of writing systems?
Types of writing system. Writing systems can be divided into two main types: those that represent consonants and vowels (alphabets), and those which represent syllables (syllabaries), though some do both. There are a number of subdivisions of each type, and there are different classifications of writing systems in different sources.
What is the most widely used alphabet in Georgia?
Georgian: ბოდი შ ი [bɔdiʃi] (sorry) The most widely-used alphabets are the Latin or Roman alphabet and the Cyrillic alphabet. They have been adapted to write hundreds of different languages and are used on every continent. More information about alphabets.
Overview
Logographic systems
Logographic systems include the earliest writing systems; the first historical civilizations of the Near East, Africa, China, and Central America used some form of logographic writing.
A purely logographic script would be impractical for many other languages, and none is known. All logographic scripts ever used for natural languages rely on the rebus principle to extend a relatively limited set of logograms: A subset of characters is used for their phonetic values, either conson…
Semantic and phonetic dimensions
All historical logographic systems include a phonetic dimension, as it is impractical to have a separate basic character for every word or morpheme in a language. In some cases, such as cuneiform as it was used for Akkadian, the vast majority of glyphs are used for their sound values rather than logographically. Many logographic systems also have a semantic/ideographic component (see ideogram), called "determinatives" in the case of Egyptian and "radicals" in the c…
Chinese characters
Chinese scholars have traditionally classified the Chinese characters (hànzì) into six types by etymology.
The first two types are "single-body", meaning that the character was created independently of other characters. "Single-body" pictograms and ideograms make up only a small proportion of Chinese logograms. More productive for th…
Advantages and disadvantages
The main difference between logograms and other writing systems is that the graphemes are not linked directly to their pronunciation. An advantage of this separation is that understanding of the pronunciation or language of the writer is unnecessary, e.g. 1 is understood regardless of whether it be called one, ichi or wāḥid by its reader. Likewise, people speaking different varieties of Chinese may not understand each other in speaking, but may do so to a significant extent in writing even …
See also
• Emoji
• Logo
• Symbol
• Syllabogram
• Wingdings
External links
• 古代文字資料館 Ancient Writing Library
• Chinese Script and Language