Full Answer
What is the function of ribs in the body?
Ribs The ribs partially enclose and protect the chest cavity, where many vital organs (including the heart and the lungs) are located. The rib cage is collectively made up of long, curved individual bones with joint-connections to the spinal vertebrae.
What is the Order of ribs in the human body?
1 First rib. The first rib is the widest, shortest and has the sharpest curve of all the ribs. ... 2 Second rib. The second rib is thinner and significantly longer than the first. ... 3 Tenth, eleventh, twelfth ribs. The tenth to twelfth ribs have only one facet on their heads, and as such only articulate with a single vertebra.
Where is the stomach located in the body?
The stomach is a bean-shaped sack located behind the lower ribs. Once food hits the stomach, sphincters at the opening of the stomach and the exit into the small intestine close.
What makes the superior tubercle of the ribs unique?
As in the typical ribs, the tubercle has a facet for articulation with the transverse process of vertebrae. The superior surface is unique in that it is marked by two grooves that allow passage of the subclavian vessels. These grooves are separated by the scalene tubercle – to which the anterior scalene muscle attaches.
Is the stomach in the ribs?
What causes pain below the ribs? Pain below the rib cage may be caused by organs in the chest cavity (which are protected by your ribs) or ones just below it. These include the lungs, diaphragm, intestines, stomach, and gallbladder. Pain below the ribs can feel dull or sharp.
What is the stomach covered by?
The inner surface of the stomach is lined by a mucous membrane known as the gastric mucosa. The mucosa is always covered by a layer of thick mucus that is secreted by tall columnar epithelial cells.
What area covers your abdomen?
Finally, the abdomen contains an extensive membrane called the peritoneum. A fold of peritoneum may completely cover certain organs, whereas it may cover only one side of organs that usually lie closer to the abdominal wall.
Where is the stomach in the ribcage?
The liver lies behind the right rib cage. The stomach also lies partially behind the rib cage. The spleen lies to the left, hidden behind the stomach.
What is the top of the stomach called?
cardiaThe cardia is the top part of your stomach. It contains the cardiac sphincter, which prevents food from traveling back up your esophagus. The fundus is a rounded section next to the cardia.
What is under your stomach?
The abdomen contains many vital organs: the stomach, the small intestine (jejunum and ileum), the large intestine (colon), the liver, the spleen, the gallbladder, the pancreas, the uterus, the fallopian tubes, the ovaries, the kidneys, the ureters, the bladder, and many blood vessels (arteries and veins).
Why do I have pain in my upper abdomen?
Pain in your upper abdomen is usually due to a temporary, minor problem, such as indigestion or gas. However, ongoing or severe upper abdominal pain may indicate a potentially serious condition. Contact a doctor for severe pain or pain that does not go away within 2 days.
What is on the right side of your stomach?
In each area, there are specific organs or parts of the gastrointestinal system. For instance, the right upper part of the abdomen is where the liver, gall bladder, right kidney, and pancreas are located. In the left upper quadrant, the stomach, left kidney, and spleen are situated.
What does it mean when your abdomen hurts?
Less serious causes of abdominal pain include constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, food allergies, lactose intolerance, food poisoning, and a stomach virus. Other, more serious, causes include appendicitis, an abdominal aortic aneurysm, a bowel blockage, cancer, and gastroesophageal reflux.
What is between your ribs and stomach?
The diaphragm is a mushroom-shaped muscle that sits beneath your lower-to-middle rib cage. It separates your abdomen from your thoracic area. Your diaphragm helps you breathe by lowering when you inhale, in that way, allowing your lungs to expand.
What does the rib cage cover?
The rib cage surrounds the lungs and the heart, serving as an important means of bony protection for these vital organs.In total, the rib cage consists of the 12 thoracic vertebrae and the 24 ribs, in addition to the sternum.
Which organs are protected by the ribcage?
The ribs are connected to the sternum with a strong, somewhat flexible material called cartilage. The rib cage help protects the organs in the chest, such as the heart and lungs, from damage.
How many ribs are there in the human body?
The human rib cage is made up of 12 paired rib bones; each are symmetrically paired on a right and left side. Of all 24 ribs, the first seven pairs are often labeled as ‘true.’. These bones are connected to the costal cartilage, while the five other ‘false’ sets are not.
What are the ribs made of?
The rib cage is collectively made up of long, curved individual bones with joint-connections to the spinal vertebrae.
What is the cartilage that connects the ribs to the sternum?
At the chest, many rib bones connect to the sternum via costal cartilage, segments of hyaline cartilage that allow the rib cage to expand during respiration. Although fixed into place, these ribs do allow for some outward movement, and this helps stabilize the chest during inhalation and exhalation.
Do men and women have the same amount of ribs?
While there are some cases of minor anatomical variation, men and women generally have the same amount of ribs.
How many ribs are there in the human body?
There are 12 pairs of ribs and they attach to the spine. There are seven upper ribs, known as “true” ribs, which attach to the sternum (breastbone) in the front of body. The eighth, ninth, and tenth pairs are known as “false” ribs because they are not attached to the sternum but, instead, to the seventh rib.
Why are the eleventh and twelfth pairs of ribs called floating ribs?
The eleventh and twelfth pairs of ribs are called floating ribs because they attach only to the spine, leaving their opposite ends unattached. The seven pairs of true ribs are connected to the sternum by costal cartilage, which is flexible and allows the rib cage to expand and retract during breathing.
What is the function of the gallbladder?
It rids the body of toxins and produces bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats and vitamins that dissolve in fat, such as A, D, E, and K. The gallbladder is a small sac underneath the liver that holds extra bile made by the liver until it is pumped into the small intestine. Directly below the liver, the stomach stores food ...
What are the two tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder?
The ureters are two tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. The ends of each tube act as valves by closing when the bladder is full and preventing backflow of urine. The main bones in the abdominal region are the ribs. The rib cage protects vital internal organs.
Which part of the endocrine system is responsible for storing water?
Part of the endocrine system, these glands are divided into two portions, the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla, and each synthesizes and secretes a different set of hormones. The various hormones help the kidneys to conserve sodium, thus conserving water.
What is the function of the stomach?
Directly below the liver, the stomach stores food and prepares it for digestion. In the stomach, food mixes with digestive juices. The stomach muscles churn this mix, breaking it down further before it passes into the small intestine. Digestive juices in the stomach include hydrochloric acid, electrolytes, and enzymes, like pepsin.
Which organ produces enzymes to help your body digest proteins, carbohydrates, and fats?
The pancreas is a gland that produces enzymes to help your body digest proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. It also makes hormones that help regulate the distribution of nutrients, including sugar. The small intestine occupies the majority of the space of the abdominal cavity.
How many rib bones are there in the human body?
It consists of 24 rib bones, along with the sternum, 12 thoracic vertebrae and costal cartilages. The top rib bones are thin, curved bones that connect to the sternum. The lower rib bones connect to the upper rib bones on their costal cartilages, which give them the flexibility to allow a person to breathe. ADVERTISEMENT.
What is the purpose of the rib cage?
While the rib cage provides secondary protection to organs in a human's abdominal area, it primarily protects the heart and lungs. The heart and lungs are fully enclosed within the rib cage. The rib cage is one of the strongest structures in the human body, designed to protect two ...
Where do the ribs extend?
They extend from the inner surface of one rib to the inner surface of either the next rib or even the one below that. This muscle assists the internal intercostal muscles.
What is the shape of the rib?
Body. The body, or shaft, of the rib is thin, flat and curved . The curve becomes most prominent at the costal angle, which is when the rib turns anterolaterally. The costal angle also marks the attachment for some of the deep back muscles to the ribs.
What are the false ribs?
Ribs eight to ten are the false ribs and are connected to the sternum indirectly via the cartilage of the rib above them. The final two pairs of ribs are floating ribs and the cartilage of these ribs tends to end within the abdominal musculature. These three types can then be classified as either typical or atypical.
How many pairs of ribs are there in the thoracic cage?
They are extremely light, but highly resilient; contributing to their role in protecting the internal thoracic organs. There are twelve pairs of ribs, all of which articulate with the vertebral column. However, only seven have a direct articulation with the sternum.
What is the structure of atypical ribs?
Structure of typical ribs. Head (contains two articular facets), neck, tubercle (has an articular and non articular part), and body (curves at the costal angle, the internal surface contains the costal groove and it joins with the costal cartilage) Structure of atypical ribs. First - widest, shortest, it has the sharpest curve ...
Where are the intercostal muscles located?
These pass from the inferior edge of the costal groove to the superior margins of the ribs below. These muscle fibres extend in a posteroinferior direction and again pass in an oblique manner. These muscles are only present from the parasternal area to the angle of the ribs. Their action is to depress the ribs in forced expiration.
Why are middle ribs so dangerous?
Middle ribs are the most likely to fracture and are dangerous because the broken end can puncture numerous organs, such as the lungs. Fractures of the upper ribs are rare due to their relatively protected position, but if it occurs there can be damage to the brachial plexus.
