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ionic or covalent compounds list

by Yasmin Abernathy Published 4 years ago Updated 2 years ago

A B
Aluminum Hydroxide Al (OH)3
Calcium Sulfite CaSO3
Diboron tetraoxide B2O4
Silver Acetate AgC2H3O2

21 more rows ...
Apr 11 2022

Nomenclature of Covalent Compounds
Formula of Ionic CompoundsCation and Name of CationAnion and Name of Anion
AlPO4Al3+, aluminum ionPO43–, phosphate ion
CuSO4Cu2+, copper(II) ionSO42–, sulfate ion
KNO3K+, potassium ionNO3–, nitrate ion
Mg(OH)2Mg2+, magnesium ionOH–, hydroxide ion
3 more rows

Full Answer

What are 5 examples of ionic compounds?

Ionic bond examples include:

  • LiF - Lithium Fluoride
  • LiCl - Lithium Chloride
  • LiBr - Lithium Bromide
  • LiI - Lithium Iodide
  • NaF - Sodium Fluoride
  • NaCl - Sodium Chloride
  • NaBr - Sodium Bromide
  • NaI - Sodium Iodide
  • KF - Potassium Fluoride
  • KCl - Potassium Chloride

More items...

What are some examples of ionic and covalent bonds?

  • nonpolar covalent bond - The electronegativity difference is less than 0.4.
  • polar covalent bond - The electronegativity difference is between 0.4 and 1.7.
  • i onic bond - The electronegativity difference between species forming a bond is greater than 1.7.

What are 10 examples of covalent compounds?

Examples

  • Hydrogen Chloride. Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) is another polar molecule, where the electron pair is pulled more towards the chlorine atom, which has a higher electronegativity.
  • Water. In Water (H 2 O) molecule, two hydrogen atoms share their single electrons with the oxygen atom, which shares its own two electrons in return.
  • Hydrogen. ...
  • Ammonium Chloride. ...

What is the difference between an ionic and covalent compound?

Main Differences Between Ionic and Covalent Bond

  • Ionic bonds are formed due to transfer of ions between molecules. ...
  • Ionic compounds are only present in solid state. ...
  • Ionic bond is formed between a metal and a non-metal. ...
  • Ionic compounds are non-polar, whereas covalent compounds are polar
  • Ionic compounds have very high melting points, whereas covalent compounds generally have low melting points.

What are 5 examples of covalent compounds?

Here are some examples of covalent compounds [1-9]:Hydrogen (H2) Hydrogen (H) is the simplest of all elements. ... Oxygen (O2) ... Nitrogen (N2) ... Water (H2O) ... Carbon Dioxide (CO2) ... Methane (CH4) ... Ammonia (NH3) ... Carbon Monoxide (CO)

What are 5 examples of ionic compounds?

Some ionic bond examples include:NaCl: sodium chloride.NaBr: sodium bromide.NaF: sodium fluoride.NaI: sodium iodide.KF: potassium fluoride.KCl: potassium chloride.KI: potassium iodide.KBr: potassium bromide.More items...•22-Jan-2021

How do you know if a compound is ionic or covalent?

Classifying compounds as ionic or covalentIf a compound is made from a metal and a non-metal, its bonding will be ionic.If a compound is made from two non-metals, its bonding will be covalent.

What are examples of ionic and covalent bonds?

Ionic vs Covalent Bonds SummaryIonic BondsCovalent BondsBoiling PointHighLowState at Room TemperatureSolidLiquid or GasExamplesSodium chloride (NaCl), Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4 )Methane (CH4), Hydrochloric acid (HCl)Chemical SpeciesMetal and nometal (remember hydrogen can act either way)Two nonmetals4 more rows•23-Jan-2020

What is one example of a covalent bond?

An example is water. Water consists of a covalent bond containing hydrogen and oxygen bonding together to make H2O. In this atomic molecule, two hydrogen atoms share their single electrons with the oxygen atom, which shares its own two electrons in return.

Is NaCl ionic or covalent?

Ionic bonds usually occur between metal and nonmetal ions. For example, sodium (Na), a metal, and chloride (Cl), a nonmetal, form an ionic bond to make NaCl. In a covalent bond, the atoms bond by sharing electrons. Covalent bonds usually occur between nonmetals.

Is baking soda ionic or covalent?

1 Answer. Yes, baking soda is an ionic compound. Baking soda is composed of sodium ions, Na+ and bicarbonate ions HCO−3 (also called hydrogen carbonate ions), in a 1:1 ratio.20-Feb-2015

Is NH4NO3 ionic or covalent?

Ionic bond. NH4NO3 is a nitrate salt of the ammonium cation. Since ammonium is a cation and bonds with the anion nitrate, hence the compound is bonded by an ionic bond.

Is HCl covalent or ionic?

In its gaseous state, HCl is a covalently bonded molecule but exhibits considerable polarity. In aqueous solution, the molecules ionizes to produce H+ and Cl- in The presence of water acting as a Base. The ability to ionize also makes it useful as an electrolyte.24-Nov-2017

Is cacl2 ionic or covalent?

ionic compoundCalcium chloride is an ionic compound.

Is CH4 ionic or covalent?

covalent compoundMethane, CH4, is a covalent compound with exactly 5 atoms that are linked by covalent bonds. We draw this covalent bonding as a Lewis structure (see diagram).

What are 3 types of covalent bonds?

Types of Covalent BondsSingle Covalent Bond.Double Covalent Bond.Triple Covalent Bond.

What are the 3 primary types of bonding?

The 3 primary types of bonding are: Ionic bonds Covalent bonds Metallic bonds

What is an ionic bond compared to a covalent bond?

An ionic bond is a bond formed between a metal cation and a non-metal anion due to the electrostatic force that binds ions of opposite charge, wher...

How is metallic bonding formed?

Metallic bonds are formed by an electrostatic attractive force between conduction electrons and positively charged metal ions. This type of chemica...

What is the difference between a covalent compound and an ionic compound?

A covalent compound is an individual molecule whose electrons are shared between its atoms forming covalent bonds. In solution, covalent compounds...

How to determine the chemical formula of an ionic compound?

Determine the charge of the elements Balance the positive and negative charges to be neutral Write the resulting chemical formula Chemical formula...

What is bond length and bond strength?

Bond length is the distance between 2 covalently bonded nuclei Bond strength is the energy required to break a bond

How does bond multiplicity affect bond length?

Bond length decreases with increasing bond multiplicity: single bond > double bond > triple bond. It is also directly proportional to the size of t...

What is the trend for bond strength?

The strength of a bond between 2 atoms increases as the multiplicity of the bond increases: single bond < double bond < triple bond. When comparing...

What is the difference between the molecular formula and the empirical formula?

The molecular formula is the chemical formula that gives the number of each element in a compound, while the empirical formula is the simplest whol...

What is the law of constant composition in chemistry?

The law of constant composition states that samples of a pure compound are always made up of the same elements in the same proportion or mass ratio

How to tell if a compound is ionic or covalent?

But, how do you know if a compound is ionic or covalent just by looking at a sample? This is where the properties of ionic and covalent compounds can be useful. Because there are exceptions, you need to look at several properties to determine whether a sample is ionic or covalent, but here are some characteristics to consider: 1 Most crystals are ionic compounds. This is because the ions in these compounds tend to stack into crystal lattices to balance between the attractive forces between opposite ions and the repulsive forces between like ions. Covalent or molecular compounds can exist as crystals, though. Examples include sugar crystals and diamond. 2 Ionic compounds tend to have higher melting and boiling points than covalent compounds. 3 Ionic compounds tend to be hard and brittle while covalent compounds tend to be softer and more flexible. 4 Ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water while covalent compounds typically don't. This is because covalent compounds dissolve into molecules while ionic compounds dissolve into ions, which can conduct charge.

Which is more flexible, covalent or ionic?

Ionic compounds tend to have higher melting and boiling points than covalent compounds. Ionic compounds tend to be hard and brittle while covalent compounds tend to be softer and more flexible. Ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water while covalent compounds typically don't.

Can a compound have ionic or covalent bonds?

If you know the chemical formula of a compound, you can predict whether it contains ionic bonds, covalent bonds, or a mixture of bond types. Nonmetals bond to each other via covalent bonds while oppositely charged ions, such as metals and nonmetals, form ionic bonds. Compounds which contain polyatomic ions may have both ionic and covalent bonds .

What are the two types of bonds that make up a compound?

A molecule or compound is made when two or more atoms form a chemical bond, linking them together. The two types of bonds are ionic bonds and covalent bonds. The distinction between them has to do with how equally the atoms participating in the bond share their electrons.

What are the two types of chemical bonds?

The two main types of chemical bonds are ionic and covalent bonds. An ionic bond essentially donates an electron to the other atom participating in the bond, while electrons in a covalent bond are shared equally between the atoms. The only pure covalent bonds occur between identical atoms. Usually, there is some polarity (polar covalent bond) ...

What type of bond is formed when an electron is more attracted to one atom than to another?

Usually, an electron is more attracted to one atom than to another, forming a polar covalent bond. For example, the atoms in water, H 2 O, are held together by polar covalent bonds. You can predict a covalent bond will form between two nonmetallic atoms.

What type of bond is between two nonmetals?

Ionic bonds form between a metal and a nonmetal. Covalent bonds form between two nonmetals. Cite this Article. Format.

How do ionic bonds work?

In an ionic bond, one atom essentially donates an electron to stabilize the other atom. In other words, the electron spends most of its time close to the bonded atom . Atoms that participate in an ionic bond have different electronegativity values from each other. A polar bond is formed by the attraction between oppositely-charged ions.

Do electrons in a covalent bond spend more time with one atom than the other?

Electrons in a covalent bond are shared equally, while electrons in an ionic bond spend more time closer to one atom than the other. PASIEKA / Getty Images. Dr. Helmenstine holds a Ph.D. in biomedical sciences and is a science writer, educator, and consultant.

Is a covalent bond nonpolar?

In a true covalent bond, the electronegativity values are the same (e.g., H 2, O 3 ), although in practice the electronegativity values just need to be close. If the electron is shared equally between the atoms forming a covalent bond, then the bond is said to be nonpolar.

Types of Bonding

The properties of substances are determined by the type of bonding within the substance. There are 3 different types:

Ionic Compounds

A chemical compound composed of cations and anions held together by ionic bonds and forming extended crystal lattice of alternating ions. In solution, ionic compounds form ions and are therefore good conductors of electricity

Covalent Compounds

An individual molecule whose electrons are shared between its atoms forming covalent bonds. In solution, covalent compounds do not form ions and are therefore poor conductors of electricity

Empirical vs. Molecular Formula

Empirical formula: the chemical formula with the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound

The Law of Constant Composition

The law of constant composition states that samples of a pure compound are always made up of the same elements in the same proportion or mass ratio. From a molecular or empirical formula, we can calculate what percentage of the total mass is contributed by each element in a compound

Naming Binary Compounds

Most ionic compounds are binary compound. They consist of 2 ions derived from 2 different elements: one metal element (a cation) and 1 nonmetal element or polyatomic ion (an anion)

Ionic Bond Energies

The formation of an ionic compound from its corresponding elements is calculated by imagining a 3-step process:

How to identify ionic vs covalent compounds?

Ionic compounds can be of three types: 1. Metal + Nonmetal. To figure out whether an element is a metal or a nonmetal, look at the periodic table.

What are some examples of ionic compounds?

Two polyatomic ions will also form ionic compounds. Examples: NH4OH. 4. Polyatomic ion + Nonmetal. This is probably the most rare case of ionic compounds. Example: NH4Cl. Covalent Compounds. Covalent compounds are easy to identify. It consists of two or more nonmetals.

What are polyatomic ions?

Polyatomic ions are ions that are made of multiple atoms. Students taking chemistry regent exam can find a list of polyatomic ions in Table E on the reference table. Examples: KNO3, Mg (OH)2. 3. Polyatomic ion + Polyatomic ion. Two polyatomic ions will also form ionic compounds. Examples: NH4OH.

How are ionic and covalent compounds formed?

It forms the ionic bond thus forming the compound. The Covalent Compound is formed by sharing the electron among the atoms to form a bond.

What are some examples of covalent compounds?

This behaviour is majorly attributed to the high intermolecular attraction. The best example for a Giant Covalent Compound is Diamond and Granite.

Why are covalent compounds not soluble in water?

This is the prime reason, the intermolecular forces are weak between the atoms.

What are the two types of compounds?

There are 2 types of chemical compounds available, they are. Ionic Compounds. Covalent Compounds. Every compound mentioned above has its own chemical bonding among the molecules. The Ionic and Covalent compounds form the fundamental of all the other compounds existing in the world of Chemistry.

Why are ionic compounds hard?

More importantly, they are in the solid-state. Because Ionic compounds are in solid-state, they are also soluble in water. Further, the ionic compounds are hard and a few are brittle too.

What is the bond between atoms called?

This form of sharing the electron among the atoms is called Covalent bond and thus a Covalent Compound. Covalent compounds are considered to be having a very strong Intra-molecular bond. At the same time, very little energy is required to separate the molecules too.

Which compound conducts electricity in the molten solution?

Ionic Compounds have very high boiling as well as melting points, while the Covalent Compounds have low melting and boiling points. The Ionic compounds conduct electricity in the molten as well as an aqueous solution while the covalent compound does not conduct electricity.

What are ionic and covalent compounds made of?

Ionic compounds are made up of a metal cation (named first) and a non-metal anion (named second).

What is a covalent compound?

Naming Covalent Compounds (or "Molecular Compounds") When Given the Formula. Covalent compounds, often called "molecular compounds," consist of two non-metals; a non-metal / non-metal pair. These elements will be found on the far right side of the periodic table - to the right of the metalloid staircase. The simplest form of a covalent compound ...

What is the difference between binary acids and oxyacids?

Binary acids are composed of hydrogen and one other element, while oxyacids contain hydrogen, oxygen, and another element. Translating binary acids from formula to name will end up in the format hydro[root of anion]ic acid.

How to translate oxyacids from formula to name?

Translating oxyacids from formula to name involves dropping the word hydrogen completely, replacing the anion’s suffix, and adding acid. The oxyacid suffix replacements are -ate becomes -ic and -ite becomes -ous. Note that the definition of acid includes dissolved in water.

Can ionic compounds contain polyatomic ions?

Well it's also possible to have ion ic compounds that contain polyatomic ions. These are usually negatively charged "clumps" or "chunks" of ions that form bonds to the oppositely charged ion (usually a cation).

What is an ionic compound?

Ionic compounds are compounds composed of ions, charged particles that form when an atom (or group of atoms) gains or loses electrons. (A cation is a positively charged ion; an anion is a negatively charged ion.) Covalent or molecular compounds form when elements share electrons in a covalent bond to form molecules. Molecular compounds are electrically neutral.

What is a polyatomic ion?

Polyatomic ions are ions that are composed of two or more atoms that are linked by covalent bonds, but that still have a net deficiency or surplus of electrons, resulting in an overall charge on the group. A metal plus a polyatomic ion yields an ionic compound.

How do IA, IIA, and IIIA metals form cations?

Group IA, IIA, and IIIA metals tend to form cations by losing all of their outermost (valence) electrons. The charge on the cation is the same as the group number.

Identifying Bond Types

Examples of Ionic Compounds

  • Most ionic compounds have a metal as the cation or first part of their formula, followed by one or more nonmetals as the anion or second part of their formula. Here are some examples of ionic compounds: 1. Table salt or sodium chloride (NaCl) 2. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 3. Chlorine bleach or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)
See more on thoughtco.com

Examples of Covalent Compounds

  • Covalent compounds consist of nonmetals bonded to each other. These atoms have identical or similar electronegativity values, so the atoms essentially share their electrons. Here are some examples of covalent compounds: 1. Water (H2O) 2. Ammonia (NH3) 3. Sugar or sucrose (C12H22O11)
See more on thoughtco.com

Why Do Ionic and Covalent Compounds Have Different Properties?

  • The key to understanding why ionic and covalent compounds have different properties from each other is understanding what's going on with the electrons in a compound. Ionic bonds form when atoms have different electronegativity values from each other. When the electronegativity values are comparable, covalent bonds form. But, what does this mean? Electronegativity is a measure of how easily an atom attracts bonding electrons. If tw…
See more on thoughtco.com

Sources

  1. Bragg, W. H.; Bragg, W. L. (1913). "The Reflection of X-rays by Crystals". Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 88 (605): 428–438. doi:10.1098/rspa.1...
  2. Langmuir, Irving (1919). "The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms and Molecules". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 41 (6): 868–934. doi:10.1021/ja02227a002
  3. McMurry, John (2016). Chemistry(7th ed.). Pearson. ISBN 978-0-321-94317-0.
  1. Bragg, W. H.; Bragg, W. L. (1913). "The Reflection of X-rays by Crystals". Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 88 (605): 428–438. doi:10.1098/rspa.1...
  2. Langmuir, Irving (1919). "The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms and Molecules". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 41 (6): 868–934. doi:10.1021/ja02227a002
  3. McMurry, John (2016). Chemistry(7th ed.). Pearson. ISBN 978-0-321-94317-0.
  4. Sherman, Jack (August 1932). "Crystal Energies of Ionic Compounds and Thermochemical Applications". Chemical Reviews. 11 (1): 93–170. doi:10.1021/cr60038a002
See more on thoughtco.com

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        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2025-06-22 02:52:26
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        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php:842
        • 19. Route binding:39
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:78
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        • 19. middleware::checkdate:30
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/jetstream/src/Http/Middleware/ShareInertiaData.php:61
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • 15. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:32
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
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        380μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35receivinghelpdeskask
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
        • 20. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
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        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 24. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
        • 25. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
        • 27. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 28. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
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        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. publish
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:22
        • 15. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:12
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
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        Metadata
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        • 25. /vendor/livewire/livewire/src/ComponentConcerns/RendersLivewireComponents.php:69
        • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
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