Receiving Helpdesk

how do you find relative standard deviation in chemistry

by Michaela Hand III Published 3 years ago Updated 3 years ago

Following are the steps to calculate this formula to determine the relative standard deviation:

  • Calculate the mean of the numbers in the data you are working with.
  • Subtract the mean from each number in the data to determine the deviation for each number.
  • Square the deviations for each number.
  • Add together the squared deviations.
  • Divide the sum of the squared deviations by the total number of values used to get the variance.
  • Find the square root of the variance to get the standard deviation of the data.
  • Multiply the standard deviation by 100 and then divide this number by the mean.

The relative standard deviation (RSD) is often times more convenient. It is expressed in percent and is obtained by multiplying the standard deviation by 100 and dividing this product by the average.

What is the formula for finding standard deviation?

  • x i = i th random variable
  • X = Mean of the sample
  • n = number of variables in the sample

What is an acceptable relative standard deviation?

  • Approximately 68% of the data is within one standard deviation (higher or lower) from the mean.
  • Approximately 95% of the data is within two standard deviations (higher or lower) from the mean.
  • Approximately 99% is within three standard deviations (higher or lower) from the mean.

How can you estimate the standard deviation?

  • They must be identifiable. At least some of the beneficiaries must also exist at the time of the founding of the waqf. ...
  • The beneficiaries must not be at war with the Muslims. ...
  • The beneficiaries may not use the waqf for a purpose in contradiction of Islamic principles.

What is a good %RSD?

  • People should keep CRPS-affected arms and legs elevated when resting or sleeping to help excess fluid return to the heart.
  • Exercise every day–even if only for a few minutes–is critical to improve circulation and oxygenation. ...
  • For some individuals, compression stockings or sleeves can limit the swelling, particularly when standing.

How do you calculate relative standard deviation?

How to calculate relative standard deviationCalculate the mean. Compute the mean of the numbers in the data of your equation. ... Subtract the mean. ... Square the values. ... Find the sum of the squared values. ... Divide it by the number of values. ... Calculate the standard deviation. ... Multiply it by 100.

What is relative standard deviation in chemistry?

Description. The relative standard deviation (RSD or %RSD) is the absolute value of the coefficient of variation. It is often expressed as a percentage. A similar term that is sometimes used is the relative variance which is the square of the coefficient of variation.

How do you find the standard deviation in chemistry?

The standard deviation (abbreviated s or SD) is calculated according to the following formula: That is, calculate the deviation from the mean for each point, square those results, sum them, divide by the number of points minus one, and finally take the square root.

What is the difference between standard deviation and relative standard deviation?

The relative standard deviation (RSD) is a special form of the standard deviation (std dev). It's generally reported to two decimal places (i.e. an RSD of 2.9587878 becomes 2.96). As the denominator is the absolute value of the mean, the RSD will always be positive.

How do you calculate RSD in Excel?

Type *100 . This tells Excel to multiply the result of the formula by 100. This step ensures that the RSD displays in the correct format (as a percentage). The full formula should now look like this: =(STDEV(A2:A10)/AVERAGE(A2:A10))*100.

How do you find standard deviation from molar concentration?

To calculate the standard deviation of those numbers:Work out the Mean (the simple average of the numbers)Then for each number: subtract the Mean and square the result.Then work out the mean of those squared differences.Take the square root of that and we are done!

What is a good relative standard deviation?

Additionally, what is a good relative standard deviation? The relative standard deviation (RSD) is a special form of the standard deviation (std dev). Your RSD for this set of numbers is: 100 x 0.1 / |4.4| = 2.3%. This result tells you that your standard deviation is 2.3% of the mean of 4.4, which is pretty small. In other words, the data is tightly clustered around the mean.

How to find the relative average deviation?

If you calculate the absolute value of the deviation of each reading made by the test instrument with that made by the reliable one, average these deviations, divide by the number of readings and multiply by 100 , you'll get the relative average deviation.

How to find mean deviation?

It is calculated first by finding the average of the observations. The difference of each observation from the mean then is determined. In our example, the average is 8.3 (2+5+7+10+12+14=50, which is divided by 6).

How to find absolute error?

To calculate the absolute error, use the formula, “Absolute Error = Measured Value - Actual Value.” Begin by plugging the actual value into the formula, which will either be given to you or is the standardly accepted value. Then, make a measurement and put the measured value into the formula.

What is relative standard deviation?

What is the Relative Standard Deviation? Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) is the measure of deviation of a set of numbers disseminated around the mean and and is calculated as the ratio of standard deviation to the mean for a set of numbers. Higher the deviation, further the numbers are from the mean. Lower the deviation, closer the numbers are ...

How to find deviations from mean?

Once we have the mean, subtract the Mean from each number, which gives us the deviation, squares the deviations .

What does square root for variance give us?

Square root for the variance will give us the Standard Deviation (σ).

Is RSD always positive?

The denominator for calculating RSD is the absolute value of the mean, and it can never be negative. Hence, RSD is always positive. The standard deviation is analyzed in the context of the mean with the help of RSD. RSD is used to analyze the volatility of securities.

Is RSD positive or negative?

As the denominator is the absolute value of the mean, the RSD will always be positive. The RSD tells you whether the “regular” std dev is a small or large quantity when compared to the mean for the data set. For example, you might find in an experiment that the std dev is 0.1 and your mean is 4.4.

Is RSD the same as coefficient of variation?

Relative Standard Deviation and Coefficient of Variation. In some cases, the coefficient of variation and the RSD are the same thing. However, the RSD cannot be negative while the Coefficient of Variation can be positive or negative.

How to find relative standard deviation?

Relative Standard deviation is derived by multiplying Standard deviation by 100 and dividing the result by a group’s average. It is express in percentage terms and it basically denotes how the various numbers are placed in respect with the mean. It is commonly used for risk to return ratio across several investment proposals based out of its historical returns.

What does it mean when a product has a higher relative standard deviation?

If the particular product appears to a higher relative standard deviation, that means the numbers are very widely spread from its mean. Sometimes, as per product requirement, the RSD team needs certain data those are actually way far from the Average RSD.

What is standard deviation in data analysis?

Standard Deviation helps us to understand the value of the Group data; the variance of each data from the Group average. There are data which is close to the group average and there are data whose value are high from the group average. Relative Standard deviation is the calculation of precision in data analysis.

What is RSD analysis?

RSD is a refined form of Analytical tool that helps the end user to understand the trends, product demand, and the expected customer preferences across the different industry. Thus to simplify the requirements, RSD helps to detect the actual results from different possibilities.

How do you find relative average deviation in Excel?

0:262:14Statistical analysis - Mean, SD and RSD in Excel - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipSo you left-click your mouse in the cell. And start typing in the formula bar starting with equals aMoreSo you left-click your mouse in the cell.

What is relative average deviation in chemistry?

The relative standard deviation (RSD or %RSD) is the absolute value of the coefficient of variation. It is often expressed as a percentage. ... The relative standard deviation is widely used in analytical chemistry to express the precision and repeatability of an assay.

What is relative deviation?

The relative average deviation of a data set is defined as the mean deviation divided by the arithmetic mean, multiplied by 100.

What is relative percent deviation?

Percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) is one such tool. By formula, it is the standard deviation of a data set divided by the average of the data set multiplied by 100. Conceptually, it is the variability of a data set expressed as a percentage relative to its location.

How do you find average deviation in analytical chemistry?

Calculating the mean average helps you determine the deviation from the mean by calculating the difference between the mean and each value. Next, divide the sum of all previously calculated values by the number of deviations added together and the result is the average deviation from the mean.

How to calculate standard deviation?

Here are step-by-step instructions for calculating standard deviation by hand: 1 Calculate the mean or average of each data set. To do this, add up all the numbers in a data set and divide by the total number of pieces of data. For example, if you have four numbers in a data set, divide the sum by four. This is the mean of the data set. 2 Subtract the deviance of each piece of data by subtracting the mean from each number. Note that the variance for each piece of data may be a positive or negative number. 3 Square each of the deviations. 4 Add up all of the squared deviations. 5 Divide this number by one less than the number of items in the data set. For example, if you had four numbers, divide by three. 6 Calculate the square root of the resulting value. This is the sample standard deviation.

What is standard deviation in science?

in biomedical sciences and is a science writer, educator, and consultant. She has taught science courses at the high school, college, and graduate levels. Standard deviation (usually denoted by the lowercase Greek letter σ) is the average or means of all the averages for multiple sets of data. ...

Why is standard deviation important?

Scientists and statisticians use standard deviation to determine how closely sets of data are to the mean of all the sets. Fortunately, it's an easy calculation to perform. Many calculators have a standard deviation function.

How is variance divided in a standard deviation?

The equations/calculations are nearly the same with two exceptions: for the population standard deviation, the variance is divided by the number of data points (N), while for the sample ​ standard deviation, it's divided by the number of data points minus one (N-1, degrees of freedom).

How to find the mean of a data set?

Calculate the mean or average of each data set. Add up all the numbers in a data set and divide by the total number of pieces of data. For example, if you have four numbers in a data set, divide the sum by four. This is the mean of the data set.

What is the formula for standard deviation?

where means "sum of", is a value in the data set, is the mean of the data set, and is the number of data points in the population. The standard deviation formula may look confusing, but it will make sense after we break it down.

How to find the square root of a data point?

Step 1: Find the mean. Step 2: For each data point, find the square of its distance to the mean. Step 3: Sum the values from Step 2. Step 4: Divide by the number of data points. Step 5: Take the square root.

Can a statistician calculate standard deviation?

Interestingly, in the real world no statistician would ever calculate standard deviation by hand. The calculations involved are somewhat complex, and the risk of making a mistake is high. Also, calculating by hand is slow. Very slow. This is why statisticians rely on spreadsheets and computer programs to crunch their numbers.

image

Examples of Relative Standard Deviation Formula

Explanation

  • Relative Standard deviation is derived by multiplying Standard deviation by 100 and dividing the result by a group’s average. It is express in percentage terms and it basically denotes how the various numbers are placed in respect with the mean. It is commonly used for risk to return ratio across several investment proposals based out of its histor...
See more on educba.com

Relevance and Uses of Relative Standard Deviation Formula

  1. Relative Standard Deviation is widely used in interpreting the relations between statistical data at various segments. Statistics and Analytics has become the part and parcel of business houses and...
  2. In case of any research driven products, it’s not always possible to understand the exact outcome by RSD team. Thus, the situations and the outcomes are led by huge uncertainties a…
  1. Relative Standard Deviation is widely used in interpreting the relations between statistical data at various segments. Statistics and Analytics has become the part and parcel of business houses and...
  2. In case of any research driven products, it’s not always possible to understand the exact outcome by RSD team. Thus, the situations and the outcomes are led by huge uncertainties and probabilities....
  3. This is one of the major tools which indicates if the stock price is moving across the growth of the Business or not. Sometimes the price movement of a particular stock is determined on the basis o...
  4. There are various analytics and statistics that prevails in the world of investment followed by …
See more on educba.com

Recommended Articles

  • This has been a guide to Relative Standard Deviation Formula. Here we discuss how to calculate Relative Standard Deviation along with practical examples. We also provide a Relative Standard Deviation calculator with downloadable excel template. You may also look at the following articles to learn more – 1. How to Calculate Sharpe Ratio Using Formula 2. Formula For Net Realizable V…
See more on educba.com

Popular Posts:

  • 1. how do i get a virginia state inspection license
  • 2. 108 x 54 in feet
  • 3. what is an incentive value
  • 4. literary conventions of genre in nonfiction
  • 5. brilliance diamond size chart
  • 6. rent aerator at lowe's
  • 7. does allegiant air fly to hawaii
  • 8. how do you install a butterfly anchor
  • 9. what size are box files
  • 10. how do i file a noise complaint in phoenix
    • A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
    Messages7TimelineExceptionsViews7RouteQueries7Models15Livewire0MailsGateSessionRequest
    8.3.21PHP Version3.42sRequest Duration2MBMemory UsageGET {post}Route
    • warninglog[01:05:50] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\QueryFormatter:...
    • warninglog[01:05:50] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\QueryFormatter:...
    • warninglog[01:05:50] LOG.warning: Callables of the form ["Swift_SmtpTransport", "Swift_Transport_EsmtpTranspor...
    • warninglog[01:05:50] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\SimpleFormatter...
    • warninglog[01:05:50] LOG.warning: Creation of dynamic property Barryvdh\Debugbar\DataFormatter\SimpleFormatter...
    • warninglog[01:05:50] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
    • warninglog[01:05:50] LOG.warning: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprec...
    warning
    • Booting (10.91ms)
    • Application (3.41s)
    • 1 x Application (99.67%)
      3.41s
      1 x Booting (0.32%)
      10.91ms
      7 templates were rendered
      • themes.DevBlog.content.post (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/content/post.blade.php)34blade
        Params
        0
        post
        1
        postContent
        2
        author
        3
        updated_at
        4
        bing_rich_snippet_text
        5
        bing_rich_snippet_link
        6
        bing_related_keywords
        7
        google_related_keywords
        8
        bing_news_title
        9
        bing_news_description
        10
        bing_videos
        11
        bing_images
        12
        bing_search_result_title
        13
        bing_search_result_description
        14
        bing_search_result_url
        15
        bing_paa_questions
        16
        bing_paa_answers
        17
        bing_slider_faq_questions
        18
        bing_slider_faq_answers
        19
        bing_pop_faq_questions
        20
        bing_pop_faq_answers
        21
        bing_tab_faq_questions
        22
        bing_tab_faq_answers
        23
        google_faq_questions
        24
        google_faq_answers
        25
        google_rich_snippet
        26
        google_search_result
        27
        indexedArray
        28
        total_images
        29
        total_videos
        30
        settings
        31
        url_current
        32
        menus
        33
        sidebar
      • themes.DevBlog.layouts.master (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/layouts/master.blade.php)41blade
        Params
        0
        __env
        1
        app
        2
        errors
        3
        post
        4
        postContent
        5
        author
        6
        updated_at
        7
        bing_rich_snippet_text
        8
        bing_rich_snippet_link
        9
        bing_related_keywords
        10
        google_related_keywords
        11
        bing_news_title
        12
        bing_news_description
        13
        bing_videos
        14
        bing_images
        15
        bing_search_result_title
        16
        bing_search_result_description
        17
        bing_search_result_url
        18
        bing_paa_questions
        19
        bing_paa_answers
        20
        bing_slider_faq_questions
        21
        bing_slider_faq_answers
        22
        bing_pop_faq_questions
        23
        bing_pop_faq_answers
        24
        bing_tab_faq_questions
        25
        bing_tab_faq_answers
        26
        google_faq_questions
        27
        google_faq_answers
        28
        google_rich_snippet
        29
        google_search_result
        30
        indexedArray
        31
        total_images
        32
        total_videos
        33
        settings
        34
        url_current
        35
        menus
        36
        sidebar
        37
        i
        38
        __currentLoopData
        39
        loop
        40
        item
      • themes.DevBlog.panels.head (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/head.blade.php)41blade
        Params
        0
        __env
        1
        app
        2
        errors
        3
        post
        4
        postContent
        5
        author
        6
        updated_at
        7
        bing_rich_snippet_text
        8
        bing_rich_snippet_link
        9
        bing_related_keywords
        10
        google_related_keywords
        11
        bing_news_title
        12
        bing_news_description
        13
        bing_videos
        14
        bing_images
        15
        bing_search_result_title
        16
        bing_search_result_description
        17
        bing_search_result_url
        18
        bing_paa_questions
        19
        bing_paa_answers
        20
        bing_slider_faq_questions
        21
        bing_slider_faq_answers
        22
        bing_pop_faq_questions
        23
        bing_pop_faq_answers
        24
        bing_tab_faq_questions
        25
        bing_tab_faq_answers
        26
        google_faq_questions
        27
        google_faq_answers
        28
        google_rich_snippet
        29
        google_search_result
        30
        indexedArray
        31
        total_images
        32
        total_videos
        33
        settings
        34
        url_current
        35
        menus
        36
        sidebar
        37
        i
        38
        __currentLoopData
        39
        loop
        40
        item
      • themes.DevBlog.panels.header (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/header.blade.php)41blade
        Params
        0
        __env
        1
        app
        2
        errors
        3
        post
        4
        postContent
        5
        author
        6
        updated_at
        7
        bing_rich_snippet_text
        8
        bing_rich_snippet_link
        9
        bing_related_keywords
        10
        google_related_keywords
        11
        bing_news_title
        12
        bing_news_description
        13
        bing_videos
        14
        bing_images
        15
        bing_search_result_title
        16
        bing_search_result_description
        17
        bing_search_result_url
        18
        bing_paa_questions
        19
        bing_paa_answers
        20
        bing_slider_faq_questions
        21
        bing_slider_faq_answers
        22
        bing_pop_faq_questions
        23
        bing_pop_faq_answers
        24
        bing_tab_faq_questions
        25
        bing_tab_faq_answers
        26
        google_faq_questions
        27
        google_faq_answers
        28
        google_rich_snippet
        29
        google_search_result
        30
        indexedArray
        31
        total_images
        32
        total_videos
        33
        settings
        34
        url_current
        35
        menus
        36
        sidebar
        37
        i
        38
        __currentLoopData
        39
        loop
        40
        item
      • themes.DevBlog.panels.navbar (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/navbar.blade.php)41blade
        Params
        0
        __env
        1
        app
        2
        errors
        3
        post
        4
        postContent
        5
        author
        6
        updated_at
        7
        bing_rich_snippet_text
        8
        bing_rich_snippet_link
        9
        bing_related_keywords
        10
        google_related_keywords
        11
        bing_news_title
        12
        bing_news_description
        13
        bing_videos
        14
        bing_images
        15
        bing_search_result_title
        16
        bing_search_result_description
        17
        bing_search_result_url
        18
        bing_paa_questions
        19
        bing_paa_answers
        20
        bing_slider_faq_questions
        21
        bing_slider_faq_answers
        22
        bing_pop_faq_questions
        23
        bing_pop_faq_answers
        24
        bing_tab_faq_questions
        25
        bing_tab_faq_answers
        26
        google_faq_questions
        27
        google_faq_answers
        28
        google_rich_snippet
        29
        google_search_result
        30
        indexedArray
        31
        total_images
        32
        total_videos
        33
        settings
        34
        url_current
        35
        menus
        36
        sidebar
        37
        i
        38
        __currentLoopData
        39
        loop
        40
        item
      • themes.DevBlog.panels.footer (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/footer.blade.php)41blade
        Params
        0
        __env
        1
        app
        2
        errors
        3
        post
        4
        postContent
        5
        author
        6
        updated_at
        7
        bing_rich_snippet_text
        8
        bing_rich_snippet_link
        9
        bing_related_keywords
        10
        google_related_keywords
        11
        bing_news_title
        12
        bing_news_description
        13
        bing_videos
        14
        bing_images
        15
        bing_search_result_title
        16
        bing_search_result_description
        17
        bing_search_result_url
        18
        bing_paa_questions
        19
        bing_paa_answers
        20
        bing_slider_faq_questions
        21
        bing_slider_faq_answers
        22
        bing_pop_faq_questions
        23
        bing_pop_faq_answers
        24
        bing_tab_faq_questions
        25
        bing_tab_faq_answers
        26
        google_faq_questions
        27
        google_faq_answers
        28
        google_rich_snippet
        29
        google_search_result
        30
        indexedArray
        31
        total_images
        32
        total_videos
        33
        settings
        34
        url_current
        35
        menus
        36
        sidebar
        37
        i
        38
        __currentLoopData
        39
        loop
        40
        item
      • themes.DevBlog.panels.scripts (resources/views/themes/DevBlog/panels/scripts.blade.php)41blade
        Params
        0
        __env
        1
        app
        2
        errors
        3
        post
        4
        postContent
        5
        author
        6
        updated_at
        7
        bing_rich_snippet_text
        8
        bing_rich_snippet_link
        9
        bing_related_keywords
        10
        google_related_keywords
        11
        bing_news_title
        12
        bing_news_description
        13
        bing_videos
        14
        bing_images
        15
        bing_search_result_title
        16
        bing_search_result_description
        17
        bing_search_result_url
        18
        bing_paa_questions
        19
        bing_paa_answers
        20
        bing_slider_faq_questions
        21
        bing_slider_faq_answers
        22
        bing_pop_faq_questions
        23
        bing_pop_faq_answers
        24
        bing_tab_faq_questions
        25
        bing_tab_faq_answers
        26
        google_faq_questions
        27
        google_faq_answers
        28
        google_rich_snippet
        29
        google_search_result
        30
        indexedArray
        31
        total_images
        32
        total_videos
        33
        settings
        34
        url_current
        35
        menus
        36
        sidebar
        37
        i
        38
        __currentLoopData
        39
        loop
        40
        item
      uri
      GET {post}
      middleware
      web, checkdate
      as
      post.show
      controller
      App\Http\Controllers\Frontend\json_data\PostController@show
      namespace
      where
      file
      app/Http/Controllers/Frontend/json_data/PostController.php:18-166
      7 statements were executed3.38s
      receivinghelpdeskask
      • select * from `posts` where `published_at` <= '2025-06-22 01:05:50' and `slug` = 'how-do-you-find-relative-standard-deviation-in-chemistry' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
        1.96ms/app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php:54receivinghelpdeskask
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 2025-06-22 01:05:50
        • 1. how-do-you-find-relative-standard-deviation-in-chemistry
        Backtrace
        • 15. /app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php:54
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php:842
        • 19. Route binding:39
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:78
      • select * from `json_post_contents` where `json_post_contents`.`post_id` = 174535 and `json_post_contents`.`post_id` is not null and `rewrite_id` = 0
        10.39msmiddleware::checkdate:30receivinghelpdeskask
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 174535
        • 1. 0
        Backtrace
        • 19. middleware::checkdate:30
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
        • 21. /vendor/laravel/jetstream/src/Http/Middleware/ShareInertiaData.php:61
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:167
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • select * from `nova_menu_menus` where `slug` = 'header' limit 1
        740μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:32receivinghelpdeskask
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. header
        Backtrace
        • 15. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:32
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • select * from `nova_menu_menu_items` where `nova_menu_menu_items`.`menu_id` = 1 and `nova_menu_menu_items`.`menu_id` is not null and `parent_id` is null order by `parent_id` asc, `order` asc, `name` asc
        510μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35receivinghelpdeskask
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 1
        Backtrace
        • 19. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
        • 20. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
      • select * from `nova_menu_menu_items` where `nova_menu_menu_items`.`parent_id` in (1) order by `order` asc
        430μs/vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35receivinghelpdeskask
        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 24. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/Models/Menu.php:35
        • 25. /vendor/outl1ne/nova-menu-builder/src/helpers.php:33
        • 27. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • 28. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
        • 29. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:261
      • select `id`, `post_title`, `slug` from `posts` where `status` = 'publish' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 10
        3.37s/app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:22receivinghelpdeskask
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. publish
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:22
        • 15. /app/View/Composers/SidebarView.php:12
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:124
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:162
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Concerns/ManagesEvents.php:177
      • select * from `fake_users` where `fake_users`.`id` = 28953 limit 1
        740μsview::2dd102cf0462e89a4d4d8bc77355d767652bf9aa:15receivinghelpdeskask
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 28953
        Backtrace
        • 21. view::2dd102cf0462e89a4d4d8bc77355d767652bf9aa:15
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:108
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • 25. /vendor/livewire/livewire/src/ComponentConcerns/RendersLivewireComponents.php:69
        • 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:61
      App\Models\FakeUser
      1
      Outl1ne\MenuBuilder\Models\MenuItem
      1
      Outl1ne\MenuBuilder\Models\Menu
      1
      App\Models\JsonPostContent
      1
      App\Models\Post
      11
          _token
          oBeeN7ODAlFtjz2gtX4ommlz1xVYolGTLyayzEWU
          _previous
          array:1 [ "url" => "https://receivinghelpdesk.com/ask/how-do-you-find-relative-standard-deviation-...
          _flash
          array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
          PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
          []
          path_info
          /how-do-you-find-relative-standard-deviation-in-chemistry
          status_code
          200
          status_text
          OK
          format
          html
          content_type
          text/html; charset=UTF-8
          request_query
          []
          request_request
          []
          request_headers
            0 of 0   
          array:25 [▼
  "cookie" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InJVdVl3WTJMSHI0WU1SdExHbXhNS3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTFV6dmRMNUhzNDNpN3hOODhmWGkxOWt1amE1WHJZL2RhdEVWdjBFLzBDNVZ5ei93dlhjTG0va1hCaXRkdGFVZGFQY29XcjBJeEhGc1BTY0hHZnlLUjJVOHV5WWthblF0ZmxoYTdLekk0ZHV1eVJkdGo5N0diNVkxcXdYUk9FTHEiLCJtYWMiOiJjZWEyMDJlNjg4NGQ5MGJhNmYzNjJkOWI2NGFjNTM1ZDc1ZDA0NmZiMjhiNzlhNjc5YjI3ZGNhZDE2NDU5ZGQ3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6InVoMnFHcUFHT1dPck1qUGpTeTZ2YUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiM3BrTGhQZ3JZSWVvY2VWRlYvVjJxdE9pU2Q3NjhLMy9KcDk0dkhybmxMVE9zT0dLSW9BRVN3MmpmMlROMVJSemlCTlVhSGZiT3JWL05zSXBIcUJUaGtueHZWUEdPeERzNlBGUHg1Yy9jYXFocjg2N3FyeThQemJWNnU3c01VeEciLCJtYWMiOiJmMzk4MjFmMWNmMWFmNWY1YzU5ZGYyNGEwMjhhYTlkZTY4OGFkMWYwZDI4YTJlYjkwYTA4MjBlODJlZTZlZWE4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; _pk_id.64.7c30=968105dcec35e19c.1750534548.; _pk_ses.64.7c30=1 ◀XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InJVdVl3WTJMSHI0WU1SdExHbXhNS3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTFV6dmRMNUhzNDNpN3hOODhmWGkxOWt1amE1WHJZL2RhdEVWdjBFLzBDNVZ5ei93dlhjTG0va1hCaXRkdGFVZGFQY29Xc ▶"
  ]
  "cf-ipcountry" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "US"
  ]
  "cf-connecting-ip" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "216.73.216.247"
  ]
  "cdn-loop" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "cloudflare; loops=1"
  ]
  "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "navigate"
  ]
  "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "none"
  ]
  "accept" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7"
  ]
  "user-agent" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
  ]
  "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "1"
  ]
  "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [▶
    0 => ""Windows""
  ]
  "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "?0"
  ]
  "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [▶
    0 => ""Chromium";v="130", "HeadlessChrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99""
  ]
  "cache-control" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "no-cache"
  ]
  "pragma" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "no-cache"
  ]
  "accept-encoding" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "gzip, br"
  ]
  "cf-ray" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "9535f38998d81146-ORD"
  ]
  "priority" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "u=0, i"
  ]
  "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "document"
  ]
  "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "?1"
  ]
  "cf-visitor" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "{"scheme":"https"}"
  ]
  "connection" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "close"
  ]
  "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "https"
  ]
  "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "216.73.216.247, 172.69.58.12"
  ]
  "x-server-addr" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "154.12.239.204"
  ]
  "host" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "receivinghelpdesk.com"
  ]
]
          request_server
            0 of 0   
          array:56 [▼
  "USER" => "runcloud"
  "HOME" => "/home/runcloud"
  "SCRIPT_NAME" => "/ask/index.php"
  "REQUEST_URI" => "/ask/how-do-you-find-relative-standard-deviation-in-chemistry"
  "QUERY_STRING" => ""
  "REQUEST_METHOD" => "GET"
  "SERVER_PROTOCOL" => "HTTP/1.0"
  "GATEWAY_INTERFACE" => "CGI/1.1"
  "REDIRECT_URL" => "/ask/how-do-you-find-relative-standard-deviation-in-chemistry"
  "REMOTE_PORT" => "54784"
  "SCRIPT_FILENAME" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/ask/index.php"
  "SERVER_ADMIN" => "you@example.com"
  "CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/"
  "CONTEXT_PREFIX" => ""
  "REQUEST_SCHEME" => "http"
  "DOCUMENT_ROOT" => "/home/runcloud/webapps/ReceivingHelpDesk/"
  "REMOTE_ADDR" => "172.69.58.12"
  "SERVER_PORT" => "80"
  "SERVER_ADDR" => "127.0.0.1"
  "SERVER_NAME" => "receivinghelpdesk.com"
  "SERVER_SOFTWARE" => "Apache/2.4.63 (Unix) OpenSSL/1.1.1f"
  "SERVER_SIGNATURE" => ""
  "LD_LIBRARY_PATH" => "/RunCloud/Packages/apache2-rc/lib"
  "PATH" => "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
  "HTTP_COOKIE" => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InJVdVl3WTJMSHI0WU1SdExHbXhNS3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTFV6dmRMNUhzNDNpN3hOODhmWGkxOWt1amE1WHJZL2RhdEVWdjBFLzBDNVZ5ei93dlhjTG0va1hCaXRkdGFVZGFQY29XcjBJeEhGc1BTY0hHZnlLUjJVOHV5WWthblF0ZmxoYTdLekk0ZHV1eVJkdGo5N0diNVkxcXdYUk9FTHEiLCJtYWMiOiJjZWEyMDJlNjg4NGQ5MGJhNmYzNjJkOWI2NGFjNTM1ZDc1ZDA0NmZiMjhiNzlhNjc5YjI3ZGNhZDE2NDU5ZGQ3IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6InVoMnFHcUFHT1dPck1qUGpTeTZ2YUE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiM3BrTGhQZ3JZSWVvY2VWRlYvVjJxdE9pU2Q3NjhLMy9KcDk0dkhybmxMVE9zT0dLSW9BRVN3MmpmMlROMVJSemlCTlVhSGZiT3JWL05zSXBIcUJUaGtueHZWUEdPeERzNlBGUHg1Yy9jYXFocjg2N3FyeThQemJWNnU3c01VeEciLCJtYWMiOiJmMzk4MjFmMWNmMWFmNWY1YzU5ZGYyNGEwMjhhYTlkZTY4OGFkMWYwZDI4YTJlYjkwYTA4MjBlODJlZTZlZWE4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; _pk_id.64.7c30=968105dcec35e19c.1750534548.; _pk_ses.64.7c30=1 ◀XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InJVdVl3WTJMSHI0WU1SdExHbXhNS3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTFV6dmRMNUhzNDNpN3hOODhmWGkxOWt1amE1WHJZL2RhdEVWdjBFLzBDNVZ5ei93dlhjTG0va1hCaXRkdGFVZGFQY29Xc ▶"
  "HTTP_CF_IPCOUNTRY" => "US"
  "HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP" => "216.73.216.247"
  "HTTP_CDN_LOOP" => "cloudflare; loops=1"
  "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_MODE" => "navigate"
  "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_SITE" => "none"
  "HTTP_ACCEPT" => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7"
  "HTTP_USER_AGENT" => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
  "HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS" => "1"
  "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_PLATFORM" => ""Windows""
  "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_MOBILE" => "?0"
  "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA" => ""Chromium";v="130", "HeadlessChrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99""
  "HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL" => "no-cache"
  "HTTP_PRAGMA" => "no-cache"
  "HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING" => "gzip, br"
  "HTTP_CF_RAY" => "9535f38998d81146-ORD"
  "HTTP_PRIORITY" => "u=0, i"
  "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_DEST" => "document"
  "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_USER" => "?1"
  "HTTP_CF_VISITOR" => "{"scheme":"https"}"
  "HTTP_CONNECTION" => "close"
  "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO" => "https"
  "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR" => "216.73.216.247, 172.69.58.12"
  "HTTP_X_SERVER_ADDR" => "154.12.239.204"
  "HTTP_HOST" => "receivinghelpdesk.com"
  "HTTPS" => "on"
  "REDIRECT_STATUS" => "200"
  "REDIRECT_HTTPS" => "on"
  "FCGI_ROLE" => "RESPONDER"
  "PHP_SELF" => "/ask/index.php"
  "REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT" => 1750534550.0466
  "REQUEST_TIME" => 1750534550
]
          request_cookies
            0 of 0   
          array:4 [▼
  "XSRF-TOKEN" => "oBeeN7ODAlFtjz2gtX4ommlz1xVYolGTLyayzEWU"
  "askhelpdesk_session" => "Xvydil1jg8StLSTC2itHYH1dUGqlzvTunDTHbpfd"
  "_pk_id_64_7c30" => null
  "_pk_ses_64_7c30" => null
]
          response_headers
            0 of 0   
          array:7 [▼
  "content-type" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
  ]
  "cache-control" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "private, must-revalidate"
  ]
  "date" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "Sat, 21 Jun 2025 19:35:50 GMT"
  ]
  "pragma" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "no-cache"
  ]
  "expires" => array:1 [▶
    0 => -1
  ]
  "set-cookie" => array:2 [▶
    0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Im5pcUVPdlJDRWY5c3lQamNVUHJDbHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoialhPQklZek9MTmpCcVdCK0Q3NWxZYTNyNGVXRlhUVEsxU1M4OExNbzlEbnA2VW01MGd2WGhvY2dGTkVyQUpWSWQ1NllCZEZ0ZGVDYVl4S2tWaVI3SGVPVXpBZ0RvREVyRVRwS01PMHJMYmswNHVacTg1WEhXM1FNWkRMcWtzbTMiLCJtYWMiOiIyYjMyNGYxN2M0NmVjN2E5MzQxNzY5ZmVlNzU5MzkzNTM0ZjhjMGE5YTNkZDQzMzdlMWQwMGNiZTg4NDBlM2Y2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 21-Jun-2025 21:35:53 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; samesite=lax ◀XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Im5pcUVPdlJDRWY5c3lQamNVUHJDbHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoialhPQklZek9MTmpCcVdCK0Q3NWxZYTNyNGVXRlhUVEsxU1M4OExNbzlEbnA2VW01MGd2WGhvY2dGTkVyQUpWSWQ1NllCZ ▶"
    1 => "askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6ImoyWHU1OUQ0Q2dYQmM0SXExcVY2ZVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYS82WThSMEY4Vk9teklxcUpnaFlJWjkzYXlYQ3pNeHhsUnptME9Hb2Q0elZMdmszbHR0eFJKZEp4WGViNElCK2FCSksvdGZhMFl4ek4zbWJYU1pTYjQ3b1NldUVHT3FoV2Z2WTJobEx3ck5BQUVaQXp2VzQwaXdBSmhmaUhlYzMiLCJtYWMiOiIzNjQ1NDhkZTc4OWRhOGQ5ODgzMzNjOWQ4YjRiNzNmZDVkMzFlNDM1MTAzMGVmNDJhZjNiN2FmNzUyOWEwYjJmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 21-Jun-2025 21:35:53 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; httponly; samesite=lax ◀askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6ImoyWHU1OUQ0Q2dYQmM0SXExcVY2ZVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYS82WThSMEY4Vk9teklxcUpnaFlJWjkzYXlYQ3pNeHhsUnptME9Hb2Q0elZMdmszbHR0eFJKZEp4WGViNElC ▶"
  ]
  "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [▶
    0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Im5pcUVPdlJDRWY5c3lQamNVUHJDbHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoialhPQklZek9MTmpCcVdCK0Q3NWxZYTNyNGVXRlhUVEsxU1M4OExNbzlEbnA2VW01MGd2WGhvY2dGTkVyQUpWSWQ1NllCZEZ0ZGVDYVl4S2tWaVI3SGVPVXpBZ0RvREVyRVRwS01PMHJMYmswNHVacTg1WEhXM1FNWkRMcWtzbTMiLCJtYWMiOiIyYjMyNGYxN2M0NmVjN2E5MzQxNzY5ZmVlNzU5MzkzNTM0ZjhjMGE5YTNkZDQzMzdlMWQwMGNiZTg4NDBlM2Y2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 21-Jun-2025 21:35:53 GMT; path=/ ◀XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Im5pcUVPdlJDRWY5c3lQamNVUHJDbHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoialhPQklZek9MTmpCcVdCK0Q3NWxZYTNyNGVXRlhUVEsxU1M4OExNbzlEbnA2VW01MGd2WGhvY2dGTkVyQUpWSWQ1NllCZ ▶"
    1 => "askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6ImoyWHU1OUQ0Q2dYQmM0SXExcVY2ZVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYS82WThSMEY4Vk9teklxcUpnaFlJWjkzYXlYQ3pNeHhsUnptME9Hb2Q0elZMdmszbHR0eFJKZEp4WGViNElCK2FCSksvdGZhMFl4ek4zbWJYU1pTYjQ3b1NldUVHT3FoV2Z2WTJobEx3ck5BQUVaQXp2VzQwaXdBSmhmaUhlYzMiLCJtYWMiOiIzNjQ1NDhkZTc4OWRhOGQ5ODgzMzNjOWQ4YjRiNzNmZDVkMzFlNDM1MTAzMGVmNDJhZjNiN2FmNzUyOWEwYjJmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 21-Jun-2025 21:35:53 GMT; path=/; httponly ◀askhelpdesk_session=eyJpdiI6ImoyWHU1OUQ0Q2dYQmM0SXExcVY2ZVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYS82WThSMEY4Vk9teklxcUpnaFlJWjkzYXlYQ3pNeHhsUnptME9Hb2Q0elZMdmszbHR0eFJKZEp4WGViNElC ▶"
  ]
]
          session_attributes
            0 of 0   
          array:4 [▼
  "_token" => "oBeeN7ODAlFtjz2gtX4ommlz1xVYolGTLyayzEWU"
  "_previous" => array:1 [▶
    "url" => "https://receivinghelpdesk.com/ask/how-do-you-find-relative-standard-deviation-in-chemistry"
  ]
  "_flash" => array:2 [▶
    "old" => []
    "new" => []
  ]
  "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => []
]