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Who is considered the father of Cuban independence?
Born in Havana, Cuba, José Julián Martí y Pérez was the son of poor Spanish immigrants. Thanks to the aid of his teacher, he was able to go to high school just at the time the Ten Years' War, Cuba's first struggle for independence, began.
When did Jose Marti die?
19 May 1895José Martí / Date of death
Who are Jose Marti parents?
Leonor Antonia de la Concepción Micaela Pérez y CabreraMariano de los Santos Martí y NavarroJosé Martí/Parents
Was Jose Marti married?
Carmen Zayas BazanJosé Martí / Spouse (m. 1877–1895)
Did Jose Marti speak English?
Martí learned English at an early age, and had begun to translate at thirteen. He continued translating for the rest of his life, including his time as a student in Spain, although the period of his greatest productivity was during his stay in New York from 1880 until he returned to Cuba in 1895.
Where is Celia Cruz from?
Havana, CubaCelia Cruz / Place of birth
How are Cuba and Puerto Rico alike?
The islands of Puerto Rico and Cuba have a great deal in common. As near-neighbors in the Greater Antilles island chain, both lie in the Caribbean between Florida and Venezuela. Both share Spanish origins, and both islands have played key roles in the history of the Americas.
What was Jose Marti most famous poem?
Versos sencillos (Simple Verses, 1891) is the most important and best-known book of poetry written by José Martí (1853–1895); it is his “poetic testament” (García Marruz 1995, p. 87).
What was General Weyler's nickname?
In 1896, the Spanish sent the infamous General Weyler, known as "The Butcher," to Cuba to put down the insurrection. Weyler lived up to his name.
What is Jose Marti's poetry about?
While in the United States, Marti published countless essays, articles, and poems that touched on themes of Latin American unity, freedom, and anti-imperialism.
What city in Cuba is the most revolutionary?
In colonial times Bayamo was one of Cuba's most important cities, and it was the scene of several uprisings, including the independence movement of 1895.
How old is Jose Marti?
42 years (1853–1895)José Martí / Age at death
CubaBrief: On this day in 1895 José Martí was killed: Remembering the death of a Cuban hero, and his modern counterparts continuing the struggle for a free Cuba
José Julián Martí Pérez was killed 126 years ago today in battle against Spanish troops at the Battle of Dos Ríos, near the confluence of the rivers Contramaestre and Cauto, on May 19, 1895. He is buried in the Santa Efigenia Cemetery in Santiago de Cuba. Cubans the world over honor his memory and Cuban independence follows a day later.
Cuban journalist Mary Karla Ares detained over protest coverage
Cuban journalist Mary Karla Ares has been detained for several days over her coverage of a Havana protest. (Photo: ICLEP)
Synopsis
Sometimes called the Apostle of the Cuban Revolution, José Martí was born in Havana in 1853. He showed a talent for writing and revolutionary politics at an early age. The famous patriotic song "Guantanamera" is adapted from his poetry collection Versos Sencillos and gained greater popularity in 1963 when it was recorded by folk singer Pete Seeger.
A Budding Revolutionary
José Martí was born to poor Spanish immigrant parents in Havana, Cuba, on January 28, 1853. Demonstrating natural artistic abilities from an early age, he originally pursued studies in painting before turning his energies to writing. By the time he was 16, his poetry and other work were appearing in print.
In Exile
That same year, Martí's criticism of Spanish rule led to his arrest. He was initially sentenced to six years hard labor, but in 1871 he was released and deported to Spain. There Martí published the pamphlet Political Imprisonment in Cuba, describing the harsh treatment he had received in jail.
Our America
When the Ten Years' War ended with a general amnesty in 1878, Martí and Carmen returned to Cuba, where they had a son, José, that November. Martí initially attempted to practice law, but the government would not allow it, and he was forced to find work as a teacher instead.
Willow Smith
After wanderings that included stays in France and Venezuela, by 1881, Martí had settled in New York City, where he wrote in both English and Spanish for several newspapers, including a regular column for Buenos Aires' La Nación. Tackling a variety of subjects, Martí was as skilled at social and political commentary as he was at literary criticism.
The Patriot
In 1892, Martí became a delegate of the Cuban Revolutionary Party and began to develop plans to invade his homeland. Among his ideas for a new Cuban government, Martí sought to prevent any one class or group from taking total control of the country.
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What are some interesting facts about Jose Marti?
Fast Facts: Jose Marti 1 Known For: Author, poet, and leader of the Cuban revolution 2 Also Known As: José Julián Martí Pérez 3 Born: January 28, 1853 in Havana, Captaincy General of Cuba 4 Parents: Mariano Martí Navarro, Leonor Pérez Cabrera 5 Died: May 19, 1895 near the confluence of the rivers Contramaestre and Cauto, Mexico 6 Published Works : A mis Hermanos Muertos el 27 de Noviembre. Guatemala, Nuestra America, Inside the Monster: Writings on the United States and American Imperialism , Our America: Writings on Latin America and the Cuban Struggle for Independence, O n Education 7 Awards and Honors : Namesake for major airport, roads, schools, and libraries. 8 Spouse: Carmen Zayas Bazan 9 Children: José Francisco "Pepito" Martí 10 Notable Quote: "Do not bury me in darkness / to die like a traitor / I am good, and as a good man / I will die facing the sun."
What was Marti's life like?
Marti spent much of his life as a professor, often in exile. From the age of 16, he was dedicated to the idea of a free Cuba and worked tirelessly to achieve that goal. Although he never lived to see Cuba free, he is considered the national hero.
Who was the Cuban leader who was not a soldier?
Legacy. In 1902, Cuba was granted independence by the United States and quickly set up its own government. Martí was not known as a soldier: in a military sense, Gómez and Maceo did much more for the cause of Cuban independence than Martí.
Who was the Cuban revolutionary who was known for sticking stubbornly to his ideals?
Some see Martí as a precursor to Ché Guevara, a fellow Cuban revolutionary who was also known for sticking stubbornly to his ideals.
When did José de Cuba return to Cuba?
Return to Cuba. In 1878, José returned to Cuba with his wife. He could not work as a lawyer, as his papers were not in order, so he resumed teaching. He remained for only about a year before being accused of conspiring with others to overthrow the Spanish rule in Cuba.
Where was José born?
Early Life. José was born in Havana on January 28, 1853, to Spanish parents Mariano Martí Navarro and Leonor Pérez Cabrera. Young José was followed by seven sisters. When he was very young his parents went with the family to Spain for a time, but it soon returned to Cuba.
Who is Christopher Minster?
Christopher Minster, Ph.D., is a professor at the Universidad San Francisco de Quito in Ecuador. He is a former head writer at VIVA Travel Guides. José Martí (January 28, 1853–May 19, 1895) was a Cuban patriot, freedom fighter, and poet. Marti spent much of his life as a professor, often in exile. From the age of 16, he was dedicated to ...
What happened in 1895?
January 12, 1895, the North American authorities stopped the steamship Lagonda and two other suspicious ships, Amadis, and Baracoa at the Fernandina port in Florida, confiscating weapons and ruining Plan de Fernandina (Fernandina Plan). On January 29, Martí drew up the order of the uprising, signing it with general Jose Maria Rodriguez and Enrique Collazo. Juan Gualberto Gómez was assigned to orchestrate war preparations for La Habana Province, and was able to work right under the noses of the relatively unconcerned Spanish authorities. Martí decided to move to Montecristi, Dominican Republic to join Máximo Gómez and to plan out the uprising.
Who was José Marti?
José Julián Martí Pérez (January 28, 1853 – May 19, 1895) was a Cuban national hero and an important figure in Latin American literature. In his short life he was a poet, an essayist, a journalist, a revolutionary philosopher, a translator, a professor, a publisher, and a political theorist. He was also a part of the Cuban Freemasons. Through his writings and political activity, he became a symbol for Cuba’s bid for independence against Spain in the 19th century, and is referred to as the “Apostle of Cuban Independence.” He also fought against the threat of United States expansionism into Cuba. From adolescence, he dedicated his life to the promotion of liberty, political independence for Cuba and intellectual independence for all Spanish Americans; his death was used as a cry for Cuban independence from Spain by both the Cuban revolutionaries and those Cubans previously reluctant to start a revolt.
Early Life
Jail and Exile
Studies in Spain
Mexico and Guatemala
Return to Cuba
New York City
Death
- In 1894, Martí and a handful of fellow exiles attempted to make their way back to Cuba and start a revolution, but the expedition failed. The next year a larger, more organized insurrection began. A group of exiles led by military strategists Máximo Gómez and Antonio Maceo Grajales landed on the island and quickly took to the hills, amassing a smal...
Legacy
Sources