What do we know about the design of food processing equipment?
Relatively less attention is paid to the design and operation of food processing equipment, which is necessary to carry out all of the food processes in the food plant. Significant technical advances on processing equipment have been made by the manufacturers, as evidenced by the efficient modem food pro- cessing plants.
What are the tools and equipments used in food processing?
REFRACTOMETER food. f2. CUTTING IMPLEMENTS a. Knives fB. FILLETING KNIVES fC. SCISSORS f3. DESCALER OR scales of a fish. salting process. f5. SUN DRYING EQUIPMENT drying.
What is the role of equipment in food preservation and preservation?
Although this equipment is primarily aimed toward the transformation—i.e., increasing the palatability, consumability, and digestibility—or preservation—i.e., extending the shelf life —of food, some pieces of equipment are also employed to perform preliminary or auxiliary functions, such as handling, preparation, and packaging.
What is the primary function of a food processing unit?
For example, within the preparation stage, the primary function is to prepare the food material for further processing, and some of the unit operations performed include washing and separating.
What are the equipment used in food processing?
Food Processing EquipmentBowl Choppers.Marinating Injectors.Meat Bandsaws.Marinating Vacuum Tumblers.Meat Grinders.Meat Patty or Meatball Machines.Meat Slicers.Mixer Blender.More items...
What are the 7 types of food processing?
What are the methods of food processing?Canning. The food is heated to a high temperature. ... Fermentation. The breakdown of sugars by bacteria, yeasts or other microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. ... Freezing. ... Modified atmosphere packaging. ... Pasteurisation. ... Smoking. ... Additives. ... Makes food edible.More items...•
What is the importance of food processing equipment?
Food processing equipment has become more important in today's society. Many different manufacturers now produce these types of machines. This is one of the industrial products that doesn't have to be guessed at regarding its meaning. It basically does just that — processes food.
What are the 10 methods of food processing?
Food processing MethodsPeeling off the outer layers of the raw materials.Chopping or slicing.Mincing.Liquefaction.Fermentation.Emulsification.Cooking.Mixing.More items...
What is food processing PDF?
Page 1. 1. FOOD PROCESSING. Food Processing is the conversion of agricultural product to substances which have particular textural, sensory and nutritional properties using commercially feasible methods.
Which is an example of processing equipment?
Material handling equipment includes conveyors and tube systems. Preparation equipment includes sterilizers or wash systems. Heat processing equipment includes ovens and fryers. Preservation equipment includes freezers and dehydrators.
What are the 4 stages of food processing?
Through a four-stage process (ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination), your body takes what it needs from the foods you consume.
What are the four basic methods of food processing?
Food processing and preparation activities cover three main fields: (1) the preservation of foods by (a) modern methods such as refrigeration, canning and irradiation, and (b) traditional methods such as drying, salting, smoking and fermentation; (2) the development of protein - rich foods; (3) food additives. 331.
What are the methods of processing?
There are three main data processing methods - manual, mechanical and electronic.
What are the 5 stages of the food system?
The term food system or supply chain describes this series of interdependent links, including the people and resources involved at each stage. In this curriculum, we frequently refer to five major stages along the supply chain: production, processing, distribution, retail and consumption.
What is food processing equipment?
The equipment in food processing refers to processing machines, components, systems used to cook, handle, package, prepare or store food and food products. Although this equipment is primarily aimed towards consumability, preservation, palatability, few pieces of equipment also perform auxiliary or main functions such as preparation, ...
What is the process of preparation equipment?
A) PREPARATION EQUIPMENT. 1. CLEANING. Cleaning, grading, sorting, peeling or skinning are some of the unit operations employed by manufacturers during the preparation of raw material. The cleaning process divided into wet and dry is done to remove contaminants and foreign matter from the surface of raw food material.
What is the role of an engineer in the food industry?
The role of engineer in the food industry has gained a considerable prominence over the past couple of decades. The food processing industry is extremely diverse, complex and evolved. There's a continual need for process innovation with the consumer market becoming more demanding and sophisticated.
What is the process of changing raw ingredients into food?
The process of changing raw ingredients into food, in a way, that can be consumed by humans or animals is termed as food processing. Generally, clean, slaughtered and butchered or harvested components are taken and are used to produce attractive and marketable food products.
What is the definition of "food processing equipment must conform to and support good manufacturing practices"?
This means that it should not contribute to adulteration and should help to prevent it.
What should the contact surfaces of equipment used in processing foods be?
The contact surfaces of equipment used in processing foods should be smooth or corner smooth, with no blind angles and cracks to prevent the accumulation of food debris, dirt, and organic matter. The design and manufacture of the storage or transport systems should be easy to maintain and disinfect.
What is fouling in food processing?
Food processing equipment, particularly for closed processing (in pipes and vessels) and when the product is heated, is often subject to fouling (the interaction of product soils and a heated surface). Such fouling, where it occurs in restricted product flow areas, e.g., plate heat exchangers, can either reduce product flow, create uneconomic pumping conditions because of pressure increases or reduce heat transfer to the product. As the process progresses, the fouled layer can also become more difficult to remove from the surface if it becomes baked on. The fouling patterns of equipment are established in the development trials of new food products and become relatively predictable. Cleaning is thus undertaken at a point immediately before fouling is likely to reduce operational efficiencies.
How does food processing equipment fail?
Food processing equipment, like all industrial plant, is susceptible to failure through breakdown, deterioration in performance owing to wear and tear with time, and to obsolescence due to improvements in technologies. In the past, food manufacturers have resorted to inefficient “breakdown” maintenance, which occurred shortly, or a considerable time, after detection of the failure. Breakdowns usually result in the contamination of foodstuffs with foreign bodies from broken parts, potential microorganisms growing in harborage sites such as cracks, crevices, and pockets, and lubricating fluids from, e.g., broken bearings. As the failure may be detected too late in this type of maintenance, contamination may already have taken place, which may result in food safety problems, inferior product quality, and, finally, costly product recalls. Therefore, food manufacturers now use predictive and preventive maintenance as tools to detect and prevent premature failure. As part of preventive maintenance, the equipment’s overall condition and integrity are assessed, frequently requiring the dismantling of equipment. Subsequent servicing often requires further break-in to the system, with the result that preventive maintenance may in itself become a food contamination hazard. In this chapter, we aimed to provide food manufacturers and maintenance operators with guidance in the implementation of appropriate hygiene procedures during the maintenance of food processing equipment and utilities.
What equipment should be used to clean food?
All food-processing equipment, including pipes and instruments, should be easy to clean and disinfect, as well as simple to monitor. The equipment design and structures should not be exposed to machine-lubricating oil, metal debris, sewage, and other pollutants in order to prevent their transmission to the food.
Why do food manufacturers use predictive maintenance?
Therefore, food manufacturers now use predictive and preventive maintenance as tools to detect and prevent premature failure. As part of preventive maintenance, the equipment’s overall condition and integrity are assessed, frequently requiring the dismantling of equipment.
Why is food processing equipment susceptible to failure and deterioration in performance over time?
Food processing equipment is susceptible to failure and deterioration in performance over time due to wear and tear. Where food manufacturers in the past resorted to inefficient ‘breakdown’ maintenance and repetitive repair, they now use predictive and preventive maintenance as a tool to detect and prevent premature failure.
What are the resources used in food processing?
Typical resources include electricity, heat, water, steam, compressed air, and waste disposal options. Measurement and Control: Measurement and control equipment is used to ensure that the food processing equipment operates correctly, and the food processing stages proceed as specified.
What are the measurement devices used in food production?
Measurement devices are particularly crucial during food production, as minor changes in cooking temperature, ingredient ratios, and operation times can lead to drastic changes in the finished product. Some of the measurement and control devices commonly used for food processing include: Precision controls.
What is shelf life in food?
Shelf Life: The amount of time a food product can be stored after manufacturing and processing and retain an acceptable safety and quality standard (typically defined by the manufacturer, government, or a private organization) under specified storage, processing, and packaging conditions.
Why is food processing equipment oversized?
Typically, processing equipment is oversized between 10–20% to compensate for potential operational issues, such as equipment breakdown or demand fluctuation, or environmental conditions, such as temperature or humidity changes. However, depending on the production requirements of the particular facility, multiple, small-sized equipment can also be employed to allow for greater operational flexibility.
What is material handling equipment?
Material Handling: Material handling equipment is used to transport food material through and between preparation, processing, and post-processing stations. Types of equipment used for material handling in the food and food processing industries include: Conveyors systems.
What is the most important aspect of food processing?
An important aspect of food processing and food preparation is the topic of food quality control. Food quality in a production setting can be degraded and compromised by any number of contributing factors, the most common of which include the presence of : Pesticides. Pathogens.
What is the equipment used to heat food?
Description. Equipment Employed. Baking. Similar to, and often referred interchangeably with, roasting. Employs heated air (heated by convection, conduction, and radiation)—and, in some cases, water vapor—to heat and produce physical and chemical changes in food material, such as texture or flavor.
What is a pick and place system?
Case packing, tray loading, palletizing cells and various other types of loading and unloading systems required a two-axis pick and place system, driven by two servo motors. Used to top load cases, trays, cartons and other containers, the system would also serve as a collator, pattern maker and/or used to load products into other packaging machines.
What is Flexicell?
Flexicell, a company which designs and manufactures robotic material handling for the food, beverage, pharmaceutical, healthcare, and durable goods industries needed linear guides that could withstand the elements in a food production environment. They also needed to accommodate a variety of lengths, speed and load requirements.
Types of Food Processing Equipment
Design and Selection Considerations For Food Processing Equipment
- As outlined above, there is a wide range of food processing equipment available to satisfy the various functions which are integral to the food and food processing industries. While individual pieces of equipment may have some distinctive considerations—typically based on the specific functions and unit operations which they perform—to keep in mind when designing and selectin…
Applications of Food Processing Equipment
- Image Credit: Colorcocktail/Shutterstock.com Processing equipment is used throughout the food and food processing industries for various food products. As outlined above there is a wide range of food processing equipment available, not all of which are used in every facility as specific industrial subsections favor using certain types of equipment over others for their particular pro…
Key Terminology
- Baking: A heat processing unit operation which employs heated air (heated by convection, conduction, and radiation)—and, in some cases, water vapor—to heat and produce physical and chemical changes in food material, such as texture or flavor. It also demonstrates some preservative qualities in regards to processed food products. Blanching: A heat processing unit …
Resources
- Numerous professional societies and member organizations exist both in the United States and internationally which create standards and regulations for and offer additional resources—such as training, certifications, publications, newsletters, hosting of conferences, and access to meetings—to those involved in the food and food processing industries. These resources are us…
Summary
- This guide provides a basic understanding of food processing equipment, including the types available and considerations for design, selection, and use. Additionally, it outlines some of the key terminology used in the food and food processing industries and offers a list of related professional societies and organizations which may provide additio...