facial characteristics of ethnic groups

Physical Characteristics of Major Racial Groups:

1. Skin Colour:. The Caucasoid have pale reddish white to olive brown skin colour. Among the Mongoloids, the skin colour...
2. Stature:. The Caucasoids have a medium to tall stature, while the Mongoloids are medium tall to medium short and...
3. Head Form:. Among the Caucasoids, head is generally long to broad and short...

Full Answer

Which ethnicity has the best facial features?

These geographic races include:

• Europeans (which include Middle Easterners and Mediterraneans)
• Eastern Indians
• Asians
• American Indians
• Africans
• Melanesians
• Micronesians
• Polynesians
• Australian Aborigines

Can You Tell your ethnicity by facial features?

• Many factors such as ancestry, sex, eye/hair colour as well as distinctive facial features (such as, shape of the chin, cheeks, eyes, forehead, lips and nose) can be identified or estimated using an individual’s genetic data, with potential applications in healthcare and forensics.

What are some Hispanic facial features?

Well this will sound very cliché now but here we go :

• Black hair
• Brown eyes ( slanted eyes )
• Brown skin
• Not very tall

What specific facial features are considered British?

What Your Facial Features Say About You

1. Facial Width. People with bigger cheekbones and wider faces (think Sylvester Stallone or Sarah Palin) generally have higher levels of testosterone, and thus are supposedly more likely to be ...
2. Size Of The Cheeks. Of all the random-seeming measures of health, cheek size is a pretty unexpected one. ...
3. Skin Tone. ...
4. Nose Shape. ...
5. Eyes. ...

What are some characteristics of ethnic groups?

Ethnicity is considered to be shared characteristics such as culture, language, religion, and traditions, which contribute to a person or group's identity.

What are the 5 characteristics of an ethnic group?

Ethnic Groups Share 5 main characteristics:cultural traits (language, clothing, holidays)sense of community.felling of ethnocentrism.ascribed membership from birth.territoriality.

Do different races have different facial structures?

Experimental evidence reports that observers belonging to different racial background rely indeed on different facial features to describe faces13.

What are Negroid facial features?

The most striking characteristics of Negroid, inhabitants of Africa and West Indies, are the jetty blackness of skin, black, crisp and curly hair, low forehead, high cheek-bones, flat broad nose, broad and small chin and strong white teeth.

What does ethnic appearance mean?

(of a human being) displaying characteristics, as in physical appearance, language, or accent, that can cause one to be identified by others as a member of a minority ethnic group: Her new boyfriend looks ethnic to me.

What are 5 examples of ethnic?

Categorizing Race and EthnicityWhite.Black or African American.American Indian or Alaska Native.Asian.Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander.

What cultures have high cheekbones?

But cheek`s shapes do vary: High cheekbones is a trait for people of Central- and Eastern Europe, Asian Women do show wider mandibles.

What are German facial features?

These features include a broad flat nose high cheekbones and a strong jawline. Germans also tend to have light eyes and fair skin which gives them a generally healthy appearance.

Which race has the most oily skin?

People of different races have the same number of melanocytes but they are more active in dark-skinned people. Oil glands tend to be more numerous and large in black skin, and follicles tend to be larger, so black skin tends toward oiliness, although it is less acne-prone.

What are the physical features of Mongoloid?

The Mongoloid physical features are: Yellowish brown tinge skin colour consisting of straight and black hair, scanty body and facial hair, brachycephalic head with concave or straight nose having low nasal root and bridge, broad and flat face with prominent cheek bones, narrow slit-like opening of eyes with epicanthic ...

What is the physical colour of Negroid?

The Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) lists the following "well-defined characteristics" of the "Negroid" populations of Africa, southern India, Malaysia, and Australasia: "A dark skin, varying from dark brown, reddish-brown, or chocolate to nearly black; dark, tightly curled hair, flat in traverse ...

What are the physical features of race?

In the United States, for example, the term race generally refers to a group of people who have in common some visible physical traits, such as skin colour, hair texture, facial features, and eye formation.

How many participants were in the study of facial proportions?

Let us address facial proportions in a sample of 1470 healthy individuals (750 men, 720 women), aged 18-30, from Europe (780 participants from Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Slovakia and Slovenia), the Middle East (180 participants from Egypt, Iran, Turkey), Asia (300 participants from India, Japan, Chinese from Singapore, Vietnam and Thailand) and Africa (210 participants from Angola, the Tonga and Zulu nations of Africa, and African-Americans from the United States). (1)

Which group satisfied the neoclassical canons of facial beauty?

In a study comparing the proportions of East Asians and North American whites that satisfied the neoclassical canons of facial beauty, far fewer East Asians satisfied the canons (Table 6).

Which figure shows nasal bones shifted toward non-European features?

Fig 3a. The woman shown on the left (high-fashion model) has nasal bones shifted toward non-European features on all four counts in Fig 2b. The woman to the right (Stacy Keibler) has an appropriately thickened upper nasal region, but features shifted toward non-Europeans on the two remaining measures in the top illustration of Fig 2b, and her less projecting nasion [compared to the surrounding elements of her face] in comparison to the woman shown in Fig 2b is partly related to greater masculinization.

What are the canons of facial beauty?

Now, let us address the neoclassical canons of facial beauty, which have their origins in the works of Renaissance artists -- e.g., Leonardo DaVinci, Albrecht Dürer -- and were based on classical Greek canons; these canons were meant to guide artists. The neoclassical canons are described below and shown in Figures 1d-f.

Does population variation affect facial proportions?

Population variation in the front view of the face does not help, either, when it comes to formulating “ideal facial proportions” that apply across populations.

Do Europeans have smaller faces than non-Europeans?

Europeans have smaller faces than most non-European populations, on average, in spite of being taller and heavier than many non-European populations, though the face size of some non-European populations is smaller than in Europeans, which is an artifact of small body size (Table 3).

Is a difference in facial proportions statistically significant?

Thus, a measurement difference was considered statistically significant only if the probability that the difference was due to chance was less than or equal to 0.9% (typical value is 5%); if this value was between 0.9% and 0.1%, then the difference was considered very significant and if this value was less than 0.1%, then the difference was considered extremely significant.

What is the impact of race on facial anthropometric data?

The proliferation of minority populations in the US workforce has increased the need to investigate differences in facial dimensions among these workers. The objective of this study was to determine the face shape and size differences among race and age groups from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health survey of 3997 US civilian workers.

How does gender affect face size?

Gender significantly contributes to size for 19 of 24 dependent variables. Women have smaller anthropometric measurements for every dimension. Only nasal root breadth, weight, and BMI resulted in values that were not significantly different from males. The overall size of female faces is smaller than males with an average change (AC) of −11.1 for PC1. They also have shorter narrower faces indicated by an AC of −1.2 for PC2.

How does facial size affect respirator?

The current study identified statistically significant differences ( P < 0.05) in anthropometric facial measurements among four racial/ethnic groups, by gender and age in US workers. This is important inasmuch as facial dimensions and configurations affect respirator sizing and airflow characteristics within the respirator ( Rebar et al., 2004 ). For example, it has been suggested that long narrow faces (long face length and narrow face width) as observed in Caucasian males and females in this study could result in increased turbulence ( Johnson and Berlin, 1973) and thus more resistance inside respirator masks ( Rebar et al., 2004 ). Similarly, shorter lip lengths (as noted in Caucasian and other groups in the current study) have been suggested as increasing turbulent flow within respirators because they might allow available oxygen to bypass the mouth or contribute to a build up of carbon dioxide inside the mask. Increased resistance inside a respirator could have an effect on the amount of time and the rate at which one could perform work while wearing a respirator ( Rebar et al., 2004 ). Relatively few prior studies have addressed the issue of racial/ethnic differences in facial anthropometric measurements in the context of respiratory protection ( Brazile et al., 1998; Kim et al., 2003; Zhuang et al., 2004) and different conclusions have been reached. Kim et al. (2003), in a study of 110 university students, noted significant differences in facial anthropometric dimensions between Koreans and Caucasians with respect to respirator fit, whereas Brazile et al. (1998) found no such differences in their study of male and female Caucasians, African-Americans, and Mexican-Americans measured for 14 facial anthropometric dimensions (total 186 subjects); however, both these studies used relatively small sample sizes.

How does respirator fit affect facial dimensions?

Respirator effectiveness relies heavily upon respirator fit, which is, in turn, impacted in large degree by facial skin surfaces and dimensions . Facial dimension changes are influenced by such factors as endocrine function, dentition, scarring, age, gender, beard growth, surgery, and sudden weight loss or gain, to name but a few ( Roberge et al., 2006 ). As worldwide immigration continues to increase, the minority populations of many industrialized nations will continue to experience growth. Minority populations will increasingly take their place in the US work force, and some of them will join the estimated 3 million persons currently employed in occupations that require respiratory protection ( U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics/NIOSH, 2003; Zhuang and Bradtmiller, 2005). Therefore, it is incumbent upon personal protection equipment researchers and design engineers to address all design and use issues that can potentially impact respirator efficacy.

How many genders were included in the anthropometric survey?

Methods: Survey participants were divided into two gender groups, four racial/ethnic groups, and three age groups. Measurements of height, weight, neck circumference, and 18 facial dimensions were collected using traditional anthropometric techniques. A multivariate analysis of the data was performed using Principal Component Analysis. An exploratory analysis to determine the effect of different demographic factors had on anthropometric features was assessed via a linear model. The 21 anthropometric measurements, body mass index, and the first and second principal component scores were dependent variables, while gender, ethnicity, age, occupation, weight, and height served as independent variables.

How does weight affect the face?

The first PC increased significantly (AC = 3.4), indicating that with increased weight, the overall size of the face increases . The second PC decreased significantly (AC = 0.6), resulting in a wider overall face and wider shorter nose characteristics. With each height increase of 100 mm, all but three dimensions revealed significantly different values (face width, nasal root breadth, and nose breadth). Bigonial breadth and neck circumference significantly decreased, while all remaining dimensions significantly increased. The first principal component reveals that with increased height, the overall size of the face increases (AC = 1.1) and PC2 increases, resulting in a face with features that are longer and narrower (AC = 2.0).

What is the neck circumference of a Caucasian male?

The baseline average of 397.6 indicates that a Caucasian male <30 years of age and of average weight (78.7 kg) and average height (1762.2 mm) would have an average (or predicted) neck circumference of 398 mm. Leaving all other factors constant, a subject would have a larger neck circumference by 5.6 mm on average for the 30- to 44-year-old category and by 9.0 mm for the 45 year and older group.

What are the factors that define ethnic groups?

Other very common ones include religion, cultural values, traditions/festivals, behavioral norms, territorial/national association, and food.

What is the difference between ethnic groups?

The difference between ethnic groups is minimal but observable; that is how genetic tests are able to identify where your ancestors came from. It is important to remember that these differences are almost entirely within the parts of our genomes that we do not see.

What is ethnicity?

Ethnicity is a complex and often misunderstood concept. We can define an ethnic group, as you may recall, as a population with shared genetic and cultural traits, making them distinct from other populations because of these traits. So, genetically speaking, ethnic groups do exist as populations with distinct genetic markers.

How to research ethnicity?

Choose an ethnic group to research. This can be a component of your own ethnicity or simply an ethnic identity that you find interesting. Make poster, chart, or some other type of graphic organizer that lists and briefly describes the common cultural characteristics of this ethnic identity.

What is an example of an ethnic group?

Many of our ideas about ethnic groups are cultural. For example, an Hawaiian ethnic identity is often defined more by its traditions than genetics. This is especially true in places like Latin America, where a concept of mixed ethnic heritage is a big part of ethnic grouping.

What are some of our historic ideas about human groups based on?

Many of our historic ideas about human groups were based on physical appearance alone.

Is it important to belong to an ethnic group?

In the modern world, the concept of belonging to an ethnic group is still important. But what does that mean? In this lesson, we'll see what an ethnic group actually is and explore some of the characteristics that define them. Updated: 06/11/2021

What ethnic group occupied most of Southern Africa?

Originally the ethnic groups occupying most of Southern Africa were the San and the 2. 3. Khoikhoi.

What is the shape of the head of a shangana?

Shangana-Thonga (South East Africa-Southern Mozambique; Mpumalanga & Limpopo regions of Eastern South Africa) a) Head shape Oval and slightly wide on the inferior half of the face. Face flows anteriorly from superior-inferior with the temple lying posteriorly to chin.

What is a pedi?

Pedi (Part of Sotho ethnic group aka Northern Sotho-Central, Eastern South Africa & Lesotho) a) Head shape Elongated round and wide on the inferior half of the face. Face flows anteriorly to a high degree from superior-inferior with the temple lying posteriorly to chin.

Why is West and Central Africa mixed?

Another reason why West and Central Africa is not exceedingly mixed could be that the region was extremely impenetrable until when the scramble for Africa occurred.

How many languages are spoken in Africa?

By most estimates, Africa contains well over a thousand languages, some have estimated it to be over two thousand languages (most of African rather than European origin), this shows direct correlation with the number of ethnic groups in the continent. Africa is the most polyglot continent in the world.

Why is Central Africa predominantly Christian?

This shows migration of Arab and Asian groups to Africa, inevitably mixing within these migrant traders and the local people occurred, the extreme South East, South and parts of Central Africa is dominantly Christian due to strong trading relations with the Portuguese, British and the Dutch.

Where did the study of African faces take place?

The studies took place in WITS Anatomy Museum from the Raymond A. Dart Gallery of African Faces, all pictures are of casts of different cultural groups of Southern Africa. FACIAL MORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES 1.

How do we perceive faces?

Using our behavioral capacity to perceive faces, we make attributions such as personality, intelligence or trustworthiness based on facial appearance [ 4 ]. Therefore, faces play a central role in our relationships with other people and in our everyday decisions [ 5, 6 ].

Who developed the Chicago Face Database?

This study was developed using the Chicago Face Database developed at the University of Chicago by Debbie S. Ma, Joshua Correll, and Bernd Wittenbrink.

Why are eigenfaces used?

Therefore, eigenfaces were used in order to characterize each feature of each dataset (we maintain the term eigenfaces although we used it over facial features). Finally, the K-Means clustering algorithm [ 51] was used to clusterize the features using their eigenvalues as characteristics.

What is the classification system used to describe the body?

Classification or typology systems used to categorize different human body parts have existed for many years. In 1940, William Sheldon developed somatotypes to describe the constitution of an individual. Sheldon proposed a classification system in which all possible body types were characterized based on the degree to which they matched these somatotypes [ 22 ]. Other taxonomies have been developed for the shape of the body [ 23, 24 ], hands [ 25 ], feet [ 26] or head [ 27 ]. Taxonomies, as a classification system, allow us to use a common terminology to define body part configurations while providing a standardized way to describe them, and are widely used in many fields such as ergonomics and biomechanics [ 28 ] [ 29 ], criminalistics [ 12 ], sports [ 30, 31 ], medicine [ 32 ], design or apparel industry [ 23 ]. In general, these kind of typology systems are intended for qualitative categorization based on the global appearance of body parts, although, in some cases, a quantitative analysis of some selected features is developed to obtain the classification.

What are the classification systems used to categorize different human body parts?

Nevertheless, there are very few taxonomies of facial features. Ergonomics, forensic anthropology , crime prevention or new human-machine interaction systems and online activities, like e-commerce, e-learning, games, dating or social networks, are fields in which classifications of facial features are useful, for example, to create digital interlocutors that optimize the interactions between human and machines. However, classifying isolated facial features is difficult for human observers. Previous works reported low inter-observer and intra-observer agreement in the evaluation of facial features. This work presents a computer-based procedure to automatically classify facial features based on their global appearance. This procedure deals with the difficulties associated with classifying features using judgements from human observers, and facilitates the development of taxonomies of facial features. Taxonomies obtained through this procedure are presented for eyes, mouths and noses.

Is facial features a subjective process?

Although judging the similarity of facial features is a subjective process with wide inter-observer and intra-observer variability, the results of the validation survey developed in this work show that the proposed procedure can be considered appropriate for the automatic classification of facial features based on their appearance. This procedure deals with the difficulties associated to classify features using judgements from human observers, and facilitates the development of facial features taxonomies.

Can Asian facial features be tested?

In the same way, the validation of the proposed procedure was performed for the White facial features. The results obtained for Latino, Asian and Black facial features must be tested, and future work must be done to extend this procedure to other facial features like eyebrows, chins or hair, and to obtain taxonomies of facial features from faces of females.

What are the characteristics of the major racial groups?

Physical Characteristics of Major Racial Groups: 1. Skin Colour: The Caucasoid have pale reddish white to olive brown skin colour. Among the Mongoloids, the skin colour ranges between saffron to yellow brown, while some individuals have reddish brown skin colour. The Negroids have brown to brown-black or yellow-brown skin colour.

What are the characteristics of a human race?

The scientific classification of human racial types is based on certain combinations of fixed, inherited, as far as possible measurable and visually identifiable traits, such as head shape, facial features, nose shape, eye shape and colour, skin colour, stature, blood groups etc. These traits represent morphological, biological and genetical aspects. With the inclusion of more and more traits, the number of combinations increases and the analysis becomes more complex.

What is the hair color of Caucasoids?

Among the Caucasoids, hair colour is light brown to dark brown, texture is fine to medium and the form is straight to wavy. The body hair among the Caucasoids is moderate to profuse. Among the Mongoloids, the colour of hair is brown to brown black, texture is coarse, form is straight and body hair sparse. Among the Negroids, hair colour is brown black, texture is coarse, form is woolly or frizzly and body hair, sparse.

What is the difference between a mongol and a caucasoid?

The Caucasoids have a medium to tall stature, while the Mongoloids are medium tall to medium short and Negroids, tall to very short. 3. Head Form: Among the Caucasoids, head is generally long to broad and short and medium high to very high.

Where are Caucasoids found?

For instance, the Caucasoids race is also found along the northern belt of Africa, Turkey and from Iran to Baluchistan and India.

How many biological races are there?

In the past, physical characteristics, such as skin colour and hair type, were used to delineate three to five biological races (Caucasoid, Negroid and Mongoloid and later, Australoid and American Indian).

What color are mongoloids?

Among the Mongoloids, the eye colour is brown to dark brown and the medial epicanthic fold is very common. Among the Negroids, eye colour is brown to brown black and vertical eye-fold is common. 7. Nose: Among the Caucasoids, the nasal bridge is usually high and the form, narrow to medium broad.

What are the characteristics of ethnicity?

Main characteristics of Ethnicity. Ethnicity relates to ascriptive identities like caste, language, religion, region etc.Inequality in terms of sharing power between two ethnic groups' results into conflict. The ethnicity is socially mobilized and territorially confined. It has numerically sufficient population and is a pool ...

What is the focus of interests of an ethnic group?

The focus of interests of an ethnic group is to get some benefits for itself. The group often uses ethnic criterion like religion, language or caste to mobilize itself to give identity to itself which separates it from other group or groups.

Why is ethnicity manifested in Indian politics?

Ethnicity is manifested in Indian politics not merely due to grass root discontent but is also a creation of vested political interest.

What is Nordic race?

The Nordic Race: Examples of Corded Predominance. The Nordic race is a partially depigmented branch of the greater Mediterranean racial stock. It is probably a composite race made up of two or more basic Mediterranean strains, depigmented separately or in conjunction by a progressive evolutionary process.

What is the racial classification of Basque?

A Basque from Vizcaya, Spain. This blond Basque was rufous and freckled in childhood; his curly hair and facial features give him an Irish appearance. Nevertheless his general racial classification is with the Alpine group. This is an un- common type for a Basque, since most of them are Atlanto-Mediterraneans and Dinarics.

What is the Alpine race?

The Alpine race is a reduced Upper Palaeolithic survivor; Alpines are as a rule of but medium stature, and lateral in bodily build; their heads of moderate size and globu- lar; their faces characteristically round and their facial features slightly infantile. Their pigmentation ranges from blond to brunet, but is usually intermediate. The Alpines represent a reemergence of a brachycephalized and partially foetalized Palaeolithic sur- vival in the central highland and forest zone of Europe and Asia, all the way from the Pyrenees to the Pamirs. Alpines are at the root of all or nearly all the brachycephalic racial types throughout this entire expanse of territory. The Alpine territorial distribu- tion is not the result of an invasion or expansion, but of a parallel set of emergences. In Europe, southern Germany is the seat of one of the greatest Alpine concentrations in the continent. The best place in the world to find Alpines is in a Bavarian restaurant; that is where all four individuals on this plate were photographed and measured.

What color hair is Borreby?

FIG. 2 (3 views). A Swede from Goteborg, representing more nearly the mean of the Borreby race as it is found today. Both this man and #1 are golden blond in hair color; the Borreby group seems to run lighter-haired than the Brunn.

Where was the Borreby race?

The Borreby race was a relatively late Mesolithic arrival in Scadinavia; its earlier seat was central Germany, with ramifications both to the east and the west. Today it is probably the one most important racial element in much of northern and central Ger- many, with wide ramifications elsewhere. Its German form is, however, seldom as exaggerated as that in the north. In this sense it is partly transitional to the Alpine race on the one hand, and to the Ladogan on the other.

What type of hair does a Finn have?

FIG. 1 (3 views). A Finn of predominantly Corded type; note the ash-blond hair and grayish eyes, the great head length, and extremely low cephalic index. In head and face proportions a resemblance is seen to the Corded-like Irano-Afghan sub-type, a resemblance which is enhanced if pigmentation differences are ignored Both metrically and morphologically this individual is seen to be fully Mediterranean; there is no evidence of Upper Palaeolithic admixture.

What is a Nordic ash blonde?

New Englander of Colonial British descent. This tall, slenderly built, ash-blond-haired Nordic is an extreme example of the Corded type which entered Britain first during the Bronze Age in conjunction with brachycephals, and later during the Iron Age as an element in the Nordic invading groups.

Introduction – Overview – Background

Repose Frontal View – Ethnic Variations

• The most important view of the face is the frontal view. It is in this view that we generally greet and converse with each other. For this reason, in order to be recognized as uniquely human, we have evolved to resemble the “Mask” (the visual code of humanness) most closely, and vary from it the least, in the frontal view. A face will almost always...

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Repose Lateral View – Ethnic Variations