Server Costs Fundraiser
Running a website with millions of readers every month is expensive. Not only do we pay for our servers, but also for related services such as our content delivery network, Google Workspace, email, and much more. We would much rather spend this money on producing more free history content for the world. Thank you for your help!
Definition
The Ankh is one of the most recognizable symbols from ancient Egypt, known as "the key of life" or the "cross of life", and dating from the Early Dynastic Period (c. 3150 - 2613 BCE). It is a cross with a loop at the top sometimes ornamented with symbols or decorative flourishes but most often simply a plain gold cross.
Translations
We want people all over the world to learn about history. Help us and translate this definition into another language! So far, we have translated it to: Spanish, Italian
About the Author
A freelance writer and former part-time Professor of Philosophy at Marist College, New York, Joshua J. Mark has lived in Greece and Germany and traveled through Egypt. He has taught history, writing, literature, and philosophy at the college level.
Free for the World, Supported by You
World History Encyclopedia is a non-profit organization. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide.
Recommended Books
Illustrated Signs and Symbols Sourcebook An a to Z Compendium of over...
Cite This Work
Mark, J. J. (2016, September 19). The Ankh . World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/Ankh/
The meaning of ankh and What Does It Symbolize?
The Egyptian cross, also known as Ankh, was originally an Egyptian hieroglyph used to represent the word “life”. By extension, this cross became primarily a symbol of life.
Describe of the Ankh symbol
Ankh, It is formed, starting from the top, by a circle, symbol of that which has no beginning and no end, and which represents the celestial world, the spirit of Ra, the Sun God for the ancient Egyptians; this circle also serves as the handle of the key, from where it is carried by the gods who carry it.
The Key of the Nile Symbolizing the Union of Man and Woman Creating Life
The ankh represents the union of man and woman and symbolizes the creation of life through this union. According to one of the theories about the origin of the ankh, the symbol could be the combination of the male and female symbols representing Osiris and Isis, the cross and the oval, respectively.
Where the Ankh come from?
The origin of the Ankh symbol is not entirely well known, but it can be seen in the Egyptian hieroglyphic writing. The Ankh was taken by the Hebrews from the Egyptians and was introduced to the language by Moses, who was instructed in the wisdom of the priests of Egypt along with many other mystical words.
Ankh Facts
In some of the ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics, the king was depicted as being fed with small ankhs in a way that could be interpreted as “breathing life into the king”. That said, some hieroglyphs present the king and two gods washing him with a stream of small ankhs.
Modern uses of The Ankh
The Ankh, a cross crowned by an oval, refers to the reconciliation of the opposites (feminine – masculine) and also to the symbol used to designate the planet Venus, a reason that makes it an element of numerous feminine cults.
What is the general meaning behind this well-known heiroglyph?
Catherine Beyer is a practicing Wiccan who has taught religion in at Lakeland College in Wisconsin as well as humanities and Western culture at the University of Wisconsin, Green Bay.
Construction of the Image
The ankh is an oval or point-down teardrop set atop a T shape. The origin of this image is highly debated. Some have suggested that it represents a sandal strap, although the reasoning behind such a use is not obvious. Others point out the similarity with another shape known as a knot of Isis (or a tyet ), the meaning of which is also obscure.
Funeral Context
The ankh is generally displayed in association with the gods. Most are found in funerary images. However, the most surviving artwork in Egypt is found in tombs, so availability of evidence is skewed. The gods involved in the judgment of the dead may possess ankh.
Purification Context
There are also images of gods pouring water over the head of the pharaoh as part of a purification ritual, with the water being represented by chains of ankhs and was (representing power and dominion) symbols. It reinforces the close connection the pharaohs had with the gods in whose name he ruled and to whom he returned after death.
The Aten
Pharaoh Akhenaten embraced a monotheistic religion centered on the worship of the sun disk, known as the Aten. Artwork from the time of his rule, known as the Amarna period, always includes the Aten in images of the pharaoh. This image is a circular disk with rays terminating in hands reaching down toward the royal family.
Was and Djed
The ankh is also commonly displayed in association with the was staff or djed column. The djed column represents stability and fortitude. It is closely associated with Osiris, god of the underworld and also of fertility, and it has been suggested that the column represents a stylized tree. The was staff is a symbol of the power of rulership.
Uses of the Ankh Today
The ankh continues to be used by a variety of people. Kemetic pagans, dedicated to reconstructing Egyptian traditional religion often use it as a symbol of their faith. Various new agers and neopagans use the symbol more generically as a symbol of life or sometimes as a symbol of wisdom.
The Egyptian Ankh
The ankh is an Egyptian hieroglyphic symbol for “life” or “breath of life,”. It was representing both mortal existence and the afterlife; Because the Egyptians thought that one’s earthly journey was only part of eternal life.
The Christian Ankh
The ankh’s connection to the afterlife made it a particularly powerful emblem for Egypt’s Coptic Christians; Coptic Ankh as their own in the fourth century CE.
Origin & Ankh Symbol Meaning
The ankh’s origin is uncertain. Sir Alan H. Gardiner (1879 – 1963 CE), an Egyptologist, theorized that it evolved from a sandal strap with the top loop extending around the ankle and the vertical post connecting to a sole at the toes.
Ankh and the Sun
It’s amazing how much significance can be wrung out of such a simple symbol. The male and female genitalia, the sun rising over the horizon, and the union of heaven and earth are all represented by the ankh.
The Egyptian Ankh Symbol and Isis Goddess
With the emergence of the cults of Isis and Osiris in Egypt during the Early Dynastic Period; the Ankh symbol became widespread. Early representations of Isis wearing the tjet girdle before the ankh’s introduction; This is confirming the ankh’s relationship with the tjet discussed previously.
Ankh and Amun God
The djed, like the ankh, was a famed amulet. However the sacred scarab beetle was the most popular amulet in ancient Egypt, the ankh was almost as famous. The ankh became connected with the god Amun during the New Kingdom (1570-1069 BCE), when his cult grew in strength and majesty.
King Akhenaton and The Key of Life
The ankh symbol was still commonly used during the Amarna Period (1353-1336 BCE), when Akhenaten outlawed the cults of Amun and the other gods and established Aten as Egypt’s single god. At the end of the beams of light emerging from the solar disc of Aten, the symbol appears in paintings and inscriptions, providing life to those who believe.
Construction of The Image
Funeral Context
Purification Context
The Aten
Was and Djed
Uses of The Ankh Today
- The ankh continues to be used by a variety of people. Kemetic pagans, dedicated to reconstructing Egyptian traditional religion often use it as a symbol of their faith. Various new agers and neopagans use the symbol more generically as a symbol of life or sometimes as a symbol of wisdom. In Thelema, it is viewed as the union of opposites as well as...
The Coptic Cross