Density and specific weight
| Density | Specific weight | |
| Definition | Relationship between mass and volume | Relationship between weight and volume |
| Units | Kilograms / cubic meter | Newton/cubic meter |
| Formula | Density = mass / volume | Specific weight = (mass x gravity) / vol ... |
| Examples | Water = 1000 kg / m³ Glycerin = 1260 kg ... | Water = 9 800 N / m³ Glicerina= 12 348 N ... |
...
What is the Definition of Specific Gravity?
| Parameter | Density | Specific gravity |
|---|---|---|
| SI unit | The SI unit is included. | It does not have a SI unit. |
How do I calculate density?
To do this, follow these steps:
- Use a weighing scale to measure your weight accurately. ...
- Fill a huge basin or your bathtub with water. ...
- Step into the tub or basin and immerse yourself completely underwater. ...
- Ask another person to mark the new level of water using a marker of a different color. ...
- This displaced water represents your volume. ...
- You can now convert the measured volume into cm 3. ...
What is the difference between density and specific gravity?
- Urine normally has a specific gravity between 1.003 and 1.030. The Urine Specific Gravity diagnostic test is used to evaluate renal concentration ability for assessment of the urinary system. ...
- Blood normally has a specific gravity of approximately 1.060.
- Vodka 80° proof (40% v/v) has a specific gravity of 0.9498.
How do you calculate density from specific gravity?
Density = Mass / Volume.Specific gravity is the density of a substance divided by the density of water. Since (at standard temperature and pressure) water has a density of 1 gram/cm3, and since all of the units cancel, specific gravity is usually very close to the same value as density (but without any units).
Are density and specific gravity the same?
They are not, however, identical measures. Specific gravity is an expression of density in relation to the density of a standard or reference (usually water). Also, density is expressed in units (weight relative to size) while specific gravity is a pure number or dimensionless.
How do you calculate specific density?
Remember, finding the density involves dividing the mass by the volume. If the mass is 36 grams and the volume is 3 mililiters, then the density of the object is 12 grams per milliliter. That means that the specific gravity will be 12. That's greater than one.27-Sept-2021
What is difference between density and bulk density?
What is the difference between density and bulk density? – Density is a concept defined for any substance, while bulk density is only used in cases where the particles or chunks of matter are loosely packed with space for air within. – For normal solids and liquids the bulk density and density are the same.30-Jul-2011
What is meant by the term specific density?
Specific Density means the ratio between the mass of a volume of Gas and the mass of a corresponding volume of dry air at the same temperature (15°C) and pressure (1.01325 Bar) conditions. [“
What is different between density and specific gravity?
Density is defined as mass per unit volume. It has the SI unit kg m-3 or kg/m3 and is an absolute quantity. Specific gravity is the ratio of a material's density with that of water at 4 °C (where it is most dense and is taken to have the value 999.974 kg m-3).
What are the three types of density?
Population density is often measured in three different ways. There is arithmetic density, physiological density, and agricultural density.28-Oct-2021
What is the difference between wet density and dry density?
The wet weight of the recovered excavated soil is divided by the test hole volume to determine the wet density. Dry density is calculated by dividing the weight of the wet soil by its water content in percent.
What is the working principle of hydrometer?
Archimedes principleA hydrometer is an instrument used to determine specific gravity. It operates based on the Archimedes principle that a solid body displaces its own weight within a liquid in which it floats.05-Nov-2021
Why specific gravity is important?
Specific Gravity is an Important Property It is important that the temperature and pressure of each substance is the same so that the density values represent the properties under the same conditions. An important feature of specific gravity is that it can be calculated based on the sg's of the components in a mixture.
Why is specific gravity used instead of density?
Density and Specific Gravity are never the same, because Density has units and Specific Gravity is dimensionless, but they are numerically equal when three conditions are met: (1) Density is measured in grams per cubic centimeter, grams per milliliter, or kilograms per liter; (2) Density and Specific Gravity are ...
What's the difference between specific weight and density?
The density of the material is defined as mass per unit volume, typically measured in kg/m3. ... Unlike density, specific weight is not a fixed property of a material. It depends on the value of the gravitational acceleration, which varies with location.
What is SI unit of density?
Density is commonly expressed in units of grams per cubic centimetre. For example, the density of water is 1 gram per cubic centimetre, and Earth's density is 5.51 grams per cubic centimetre. Density can also be expressed as kilograms per cubic metre (in metre-kilogram-second or SI units).04-Feb-2022
What is difference between density and relative density?
Density is the ratio between the mass and the volume of a body. Relative density, on the other hand, is the ratio between the density of an object (substance) and the density of some other reference object (substance) at some given temperature.
What is density?
Density is the physical property of matter that tells us how much matter is in a given space. The amount of matter is known as mass, while the space occupied by that matter is its volume.
What is specific gravity?
Specific gravity is the weight per volume of a substance. It is also known as weight density.
Introduction to density, specific weight and specific gravity
Density is defined as mass per unit volume. Mass is a property and the SI unit for density is [ kg/m3 ].
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Citation
Engineering ToolBox, (2003). Density vs. Specific Weight and Specific Gravity. [online] Available at: https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/density-specific-weight-gravity-d_290.html [Accessed Day Mo. Year].
What is hydrostatic pressure?
Hydrostatic Pressure-based Instruments: This technology relies upon Pascal's Principle which states that the pressure difference between two points within a vertical column of fluid is dependent upon the vertical distance between the two points, the density of the fluid and the gravitational force. This technology is often used for tank gaging applications as a convenient means of liquid level and density measure.
What is the relative density of a substance?
If the reference material is water, then a substance with a relative density (or specific gravity) less than 1 will float in water. For example, an ice cube, with a relative density of about 0.91, will float. A substance with a relative density greater than 1 will sink.
How to find relative density?
Relative density can be calculated directly by measuring the density of a sample and dividing it by the (known) density of the reference substance. The density of the sample is simply its mass divided by its volume. Although mass is easy to measure, the volume of an irregularly shaped sample can be more difficult to ascertain. One method is to put the sample in a water-filled graduated cylinder and read off how much water it displaces. Alternatively the container can be filled to the brim, the sample immersed, and the volume of overflow measured. The surface tension of the water may keep a significant amount of water from overflowing, which is especially problematic for small samples. For this reason it is desirable to use a water container with as small a mouth as possible.
What does it mean when a substance is less than 1?
If a substance's relative density is less than 1 then it is less dense than the reference; if greater than 1 then it is denser than the reference. If the relative density is exactly 1 then the densities are equal; that is, equal volumes of the two substances have the same mass.
How does relative density help?
Relative density can also help to quantify the buoyancy of a substance in a fluid or gas, or determine the density of an unknown substance from the known density of another. Relative density is often used by geologists and mineralogists to help determine the mineral content of a rock or other sample. Gemologists use it as an aid in the identification of gemstones. Water is preferred as the reference because measurements are then easy to carry out in the field (see below for examples of measurement methods).
What is the reference temperature for specific gravity?
Specific gravity for liquids is nearly always measured with respect to water at its densest (at 4 °C or 39.2 °F); for gases, the reference is air at room temperature (20 °C or 68 °F). The term "relative density" is often preferred in scientific usage.
What is the difference between density and specific gravity?
The main difference between density and specific gravity is its use in measuring this mass of a liquid. Density provides an absolute measure, whereas specific gravity provides a relative measure.
What is the ratio between the mass of a liquid and its unit volume called?
Density. Specific Gravity. The ratio between the mass of the liquid and its unit volume is called density. The ratio between the weight of a given substance to the density of an equal volume of water or other reference material is known as specific gravity.
What is the ratio of mass per unit volume?
The ratio of mass per unit volume is known as the density of a liquid.
What is the specific gravity of a cone?
A cone with radius 1m and height of 3m has a specific gravity of 0.1. Calculate the mass of the cone when the density of water is 1000 Kg/ m3.
What is the density of water?
The density of water is 997 Kg/ m3. It can be utilised in this calculation of specific gravity or relative density. And those materials which are calculated to have a specific gravity below 1, they can float over water.
Is water a reference material?
Usually, water is taken as the reference material for this calculation. It has no unit and is a dimensionless quantity. Further, refer to the table drawn below to know about the difference between density and specific gravity. You will be able to understand different pointers which distinguish between the two terms.
What is the difference between density and specific gravity?
There is a noticeable difference between density and specific gravity, even though both are used to represent mass and are used to compare different substances. Density is the property of matter represented by a ratio of mass to a unit volume of matter. Specific gravity which is also called as relative density is a measure ...
What is the measure of density?
Specific gravity which is also called as relative density is a measure of density with respect to a density of pure water. There are many properties of water, such as conductivity of water and many more.
What is the ratio of a substance's weight to the weight of the same volume of water?
If a material has a specific gravity less than 1, it will float on water. Relative density is the ratio of a substance’s weight to the weight of the same volume of water. To calculate density, we need to know the weight and volume of the substance.
How to find density?
To calculate density, we need to know the weight and volume of the substance. We can get this by dividing the density of a substance with the density of water. It is used in industries to measure the concentration of solutions. These were some difference between specific gravity (relative density) and density.
How to find specific gravity?
It can be found by dividing the density of substance of which specific gravity is to find out and divide it by density of the substance in the water at 4-degree centigrade.
What temperature can density be found?
Specific Temperature. Density can be found at any temperature. Specific gravity can only find at 4-degree centigrade because of the Density of the substance in water and water volume is changing by changing the temperature. ADVERTISEMENT.
How does density affect specific gravity?
Density is affected by increasing the temperature; it increases the volume, and the density factor is the start of decreasing; on the flip side, specific gravity is not affected by increasing or decreasing the temperature because it is a ratio of the same quantity. ADVERTISEMENT.
What is density factor?
Density factor is used in commercial and domestic applications; on the other hand; specific gravity is used in the industries to find different solution measurements. Density can be expressed as units; on the flip side, specific gravity is always dimensionless. Density is affected by increasing the temperature; it increases the volume, ...
What is the difference between density and specific gravity?
The main difference between Density and Specific Gravity is that Density is the factor that represents the ratio mass per unit volume, whereas Specific Gravity defines as the density measurement with respect to the measurement of the density of water at a specific temperature, i. e., 4-degree centigrade.
How to find density of a substance?
Density can be calculated by dividing the volume to the mass of the substance. Specific gravity can be calculated by taking the ratio of the density of the substance to the density of water at a specific temperature. Unit. The S.I. unit of Density is kilogram per meter cube.
Why is density important?
Density is depended upon the temperature and pressure as the temperature increases, the volume for the substance is increased, and the density of the substance decreases as in pressure.
Difference between Density and Specific Weight
Let’s check below what is the difference between density and specific weight.
What is Density?
Density is the physical property of matter that tells us how much matter is in a given space. The amount of matter is known as mass, while the space occupied by that matter is its volume.
What is Specific Gravity?
Specific gravity is the weight per volume of a substance. It is also known as weight density.