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Do you put a comma in a series before and?
Whether or not you put a comma before and depends on how you're using and. There's no single rule that applies to all situations. You usually put a comma before and when it's connecting two independent clauses. It's almost always optional to put a comma before and in a list.
What are examples of items in a series?
Items in a series occur whenever a sentence includes a list of two or more things. The items can be any type of grammatical unit, such as nouns, verbs, participles, infinitives, or subordinate clauses, to name a few. A serial sentence is a sentence that contains a list of three or more words, phrases, clauses, etc.
Is there a comma after and in a series?
Writers frequently wonder whether a comma should go before the conjunction and in a list of three or more items. Despite the fact that not all style books agree on this issue, we recommend using a comma after the next-to-last item in a series—the serial comma, as it is called (or the Harvard or Oxford comma).06-Aug-2020
Where do commas go in a series?
Commas should be used when three or more items in a series are listed. A comma should be placed between each of the three items (it is also acceptable to leave out the comma between the second-to-last item and the last item in the series). Items in the series may consist of a word, clause, or phrase.
What is an example of a series sentence?
Example of sentences containing items in a series: 1) For breakfast, I had cereal, juice, and toast. 2) My best friends are Paul, Amanda, and Quinn. 3) The moon, the stars, and the sun all appear in the sky.
Do you need a comma in a series of three?
As mentioned above, when you are listing three or more items, commas should separate each element of the list. However, the final comma—the one that comes before the and—is optional. This comma is called the serial comma or the Oxford comma. Whether or not you use the serial comma is a style choice.14-Jan-2021
How do you use a comma with 3 words?
Use a comma after phrases of more than three words that begin a sentence. If the phrase has fewer than three words, the comma is optional.
What are the 8 rules for commas?
Commas (Eight Basic Uses)Use a comma to separate independent clauses. ... Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase. ... Use a comma between all items in a series. ... Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses. ... Use a comma to set off appositives. ... Use a comma to indicate direct address. ... Use commas to set off direct quotations.More items...
What is a comma in a series?
Definition: A comma separates elements in a sentence, such as items in a list or series, but it also shows that those elements are connected to each other within the same sentence. A comma is never used as an end mark, and it is read with a shorter pause than an end mark. One use of the comma is to separate three ...
When to use a comma?
One use of the comma is to separate three or more words, phrases, or clauses in a list or series. Commas go after each item except the last.
Why do we use commas in sentences?
Using Commas to Separate a Sentence’s Elements. Commas provide clarity, particularly in sentences that contain several different elements. Always use commas to separate the elements of a series of three or more things, particularly the last two.
When was the North River Bridge built?
In this sentence, the parenthetical element is italicized: “The North River Bridge, which was built in 1902, collapsed on Saturday.”. In the example above, the parenthetical information provides the reader with a sense of context that helps provide insight into the cause of the bridge’s collapse.
Is London a possessive state?
London, England, is a destination everyone should visit at least once. When the state or nation takes on a possessive form, the rule no longer applies. For example: Williamsburg, Virginia’s connection with our nation’s history is well-known.
What are some examples of items in a series?
In addition, items in a series can be short sentences joined with commas and and. Examples of items in a series: Bread, milk, and cheese. Jennifer, Mary, and Charlotte. Red, yellow, and blue.
How to separate two items in a series?
When you list more than two items, you separate them as follows: Put a comma between all items, and put a comma + and before the last item. Items in a series can be single words or phrases.
Why do we use commas in writing?
Commas are used to split up different parts of a sentence, and when used correctly they bring clarity and flow to your writing. They’re probably the most common piece of punctuation in English, which means that they’re often the most misused.
What is dependent vs independent clause?
Dependent vs independent clauses. A clause is a group of words that contains at least a subject and a verb. Sentences are often made up of several clauses. Whether you should put a comma (or some other form of punctuation) between them depends on the types of clauses and the relationship between them.
How long would a college student go without a phone?
According to a recent study of college students many young people would rather end their romantic relationship than go without their phone for a month. According to a recent study of college students, many young people would rather end their romantic relationship than go without their phone for a month.
Is a comma always accurate?
However the model is not always accurate. However, the model is not always accurate. With longer introductory phrases that set the stage for the main part of the sentence, it’s generally best to use a comma, especially if the phrase is more than 3–4 words long.
Why is it called a restrictive clause?
This is called a restrictive clause because it restricts the meaning of the sentence. Commas should not be used around a restrictive clause.
What is an independent clause?
An independent clause is a clause that could stand on its own as a full sentence. A dependent clause, in contrast, does not express a complete thought. It depends on another clause to form a full sentence. When a dependent clause comes at the start of a sentence, it should be followed by a comma.
Is there a comma after a dependent clause?
When a dependent clause comes after an independent clause, a comma is often not necessary, especially if it adds information that is essential to the meaning of the independent clause.